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alpha2-antiplasmin + H2O
?
C3 protein of complement system + H2O
fragments of C3 protein of complement system
complement protein C3 + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-Val-Leu-Lys-p-nitroanilide + H2O
D-Val-Leu-Lys + p-nitroaniline
human alpha2-antiplasmin + H2O
fragments of alpha2-antiplasmin
-
-
-
-
-
PAI-1 + H2O
?
a serpin
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
serpin alpha2-antiplasmin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
YapE + H2O
?
-
Yersinia pestis autotransporter YapE protein
cleavage of YapE occurs in Yersinia pestis but not in the enteric Yersinia species, and requires the omptin Pla
-
?
YapG + H2O
?
-
Yersinia pestis autotransporter YapG protein
sites K512, (K548-R549) and K594-R595 represent the primary cleavage sites of YapG, whereas sites K'558 and K'604 represent the secondary alternative cleavage sites
-
?
Yersinia outer proteins + H2O
fragments of Yersinia outer proteins
additional information
?
-
alpha2-antiplasmin + H2O

?
-
Pla inactivates alpha2-antiplasmin
-
-
?
alpha2-antiplasmin + H2O
?
a serpin
-
-
?
C3 protein of complement system + H2O

fragments of C3 protein of complement system
-
-
-
-
-
C3 protein of complement system + H2O
fragments of C3 protein of complement system
-
-
-
?
D-Val-Leu-Lys-p-nitroanilide + H2O

D-Val-Leu-Lys + p-nitroaniline
-
Lpa gene encoding a homologue of the plasminogen activator Pla of Yersinia pestis identified, described as a surface protease exhibiting plasminogen activator activity, plasminogen activity of inner and outer membranes measured
-
-
?
D-Val-Leu-Lys-p-nitroanilide + H2O
D-Val-Leu-Lys + p-nitroaniline
-
Lpa gene encoding a homologue of the plasminogen activator Pla of Yersinia pestis identified, described as a surface protease exhibiting plasminogen activator activity, plasminogen activity of inner and outer membranes measured
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O

plasmin + ?
-
capacity to convert plasminogen into plasmin by the action of the outer-membrane Lpa protein determined
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
capacity to convert plasminogen into plasmin by the action of the outer-membrane Lpa protein determined
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
activates plasminogen by cleaving the Arg560-Val561 bond
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
activates plasminogen by cleaving the Arg560-Val561 bond
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
Pla also expresses a weak coagulase activity
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
activates plasminogen by cleaving the Arg560-Val561 bond
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
activates plasminogen by cleaving the Arg560-Val561 bond
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
Pla has the additional ability to bind to the basement membrane component type IV collagen rendering adhesive properties to Yersina pestis cells
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
Pla has the additional ability to bind to the basement membrane component type IV collagen rendering adhesive properties to Yersina pestis cells
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
Pla belongs to the omptin family of enterobacterial surface proteases and is responsible for the highly efficient invasion of the plague bacterium from the subcutaneous infection site into the circulation
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
plasminogen activator is a surface virulence factor that contributes to the highly imvasive nature of the pathogen by binding various tissue matrix components
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
cleavage of Arg560-/-Val561
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
identification and analysis of small-peptide substrates and inhibitors of plasminogen activator Pla by use of parallel synthesis and positional scanning
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
plasminogen activator Pla shown to be essential to cause primary pneumonic plague, minor importance determined for dissemination during pneumonic plague than during bubonic plague, inhibition of plasminogen activator Pla expression shown to prolong survival of infected mice
-
-
?
Yersinia outer proteins + H2O

fragments of Yersinia outer proteins
-
-
-
-
-
Yersinia outer proteins + H2O
fragments of Yersinia outer proteins
-
-
-
?
additional information

?
-
-
plasminogen activator Pla is essential for the spread of Yersinia pestis from the subcutaneous infection site into circulation, and the proteolytic activation of plasminogen is involved in virulence function. In addition to proteolysis plasminogen activator Pla promotes bacterial adhesion to mammalian extracellular matrices and epithelial cells as well as bacterial invasion into eukayotic cells. Laminin functions as an adhesion target for plasminogen activator Pla, which also expresses a lower adhesion affinity for heparan sulfate proteoglycan. the adhesion targets are not directly degraded by plasminogen activator Pla, but Pla-mediated generation of plasmin leads to their degradation
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
plasminogen activator plays a pivotal role in internalisation of bacteria by HeLa cells. Intracellular signalling and cytoskeletal rearrangement is involved in Yersinia pestis plasminogen activator mediated HeLa cell invasion
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no degradation of Val-Leu-Lys-p-nitroanilide. Plasminogen activator degrades outer membrane proteins of Yersinia cell surface and exhibits a weak coagulase activity. In addition to proteolysis plasminogen activator Pla promotes bacterial adhesion to mammalian extracellular matrices and epithelial cells as well as bacterial invasion into eukaryotic cells. Laminin functions as an adhesion target for plasminogen activator Pla, which also expresses a lower adhesion affinity for heparan sulfate proteoglycan. The adhesion targets are not directly degraded by plasminogen activator Pla, but Pla-mediated generation of plasmin leads to their degradation
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the invasion of alveolar macrophages by Yersinia pestis depends both in vitro and in vivo on the expression of plasminogen activator Pla. Macrophages and transfectants expressing C-type lectin receptor DEC-205, but not their negative counterparts, phagocytose plasminogen activator Pla-expressing Yersinia pestis and Escherichia coli K12 more efficiently than Pla-negative controls. The interactions between Pla-expressing bacteria and DEC-205-expressing transfectants or alveolar macrophages can be inhibited by an anti-DEC-205 antibody. The blockage of the Pla-DEC-205 interaction reduces the dissemination of Yersinia pestis in mice
-
-
-
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alpha2-antiplasmin + H2O
?
-
Pla inactivates alpha2-antiplasmin
-
-
?
C3 protein of complement system + H2O
fragments of C3 protein of complement system
-
-
-
-
-
human alpha2-antiplasmin + H2O
fragments of alpha2-antiplasmin
-
-
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
YapE + H2O
?
-
Yersinia pestis autotransporter YapE protein
cleavage of YapE occurs in Yersinia pestis but not in the enteric Yersinia species, and requires the omptin Pla
-
?
YapG + H2O
?
-
Yersinia pestis autotransporter YapG protein
sites K512, (K548-R549) and K594-R595 represent the primary cleavage sites of YapG, whereas sites K'558 and K'604 represent the secondary alternative cleavage sites
-
?
Yersinia outer proteins + H2O
fragments of Yersinia outer proteins
-
-
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
plasminogen + H2O

plasmin + ?
-
capacity to convert plasminogen into plasmin by the action of the outer-membrane Lpa protein determined
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
capacity to convert plasminogen into plasmin by the action of the outer-membrane Lpa protein determined
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
activates plasminogen by cleaving the Arg560-Val561 bond
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
P17811
-
-
-
?
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
Pla also expresses a weak coagulase activity
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
activates plasminogen by cleaving the Arg560-Val561 bond
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
Pla has the additional ability to bind to the basement membrane component type IV collagen rendering adhesive properties to Yersina pestis cells
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
Pla belongs to the omptin family of enterobacterial surface proteases and is responsible for the highly efficient invasion of the plague bacterium from the subcutaneous infection site into the circulation
-
-
-
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
-
plasminogen activator is a surface virulence factor that contributes to the highly imvasive nature of the pathogen by binding various tissue matrix components
-
-
?
additional information

?
-
-
plasminogen activator Pla is essential for the spread of Yersinia pestis from the subcutaneous infection site into circulation, and the proteolytic activation of plasminogen is involved in virulence function. In addition to proteolysis plasminogen activator Pla promotes bacterial adhesion to mammalian extracellular matrices and epithelial cells as well as bacterial invasion into eukayotic cells. Laminin functions as an adhesion target for plasminogen activator Pla, which also expresses a lower adhesion affinity for heparan sulfate proteoglycan. the adhesion targets are not directly degraded by plasminogen activator Pla, but Pla-mediated generation of plasmin leads to their degradation
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
plasminogen activator plays a pivotal role in internalisation of bacteria by HeLa cells. Intracellular signalling and cytoskeletal rearrangement is involved in Yersinia pestis plasminogen activator mediated HeLa cell invasion
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the invasion of alveolar macrophages by Yersinia pestis depends both in vitro and in vivo on the expression of plasminogen activator Pla. Macrophages and transfectants expressing C-type lectin receptor DEC-205, but not their negative counterparts, phagocytose plasminogen activator Pla-expressing Yersinia pestis and Escherichia coli K12 more efficiently than Pla-negative controls. The interactions between Pla-expressing bacteria and DEC-205-expressing transfectants or alveolar macrophages can be inhibited by an anti-DEC-205 antibody. The blockage of the Pla-DEC-205 interaction reduces the dissemination of Yersinia pestis in mice
-
-
-
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D212R
-
111% of wild-type plasminogen activation
D84A
-
3.7% of wild-type plasminogen activation
D97A
-
56% of wild-type plasminogen activation
E217S
-
52% of wild-type plasminogen activation
F215Y
-
42% of wild-type plasminogen activation
G178A/L179A
-
mutation decreases laminin binding in the YPYIPTL region
H101V
-
0.8% of wild-type plasminogen activation
H108V
-
121% of wild-type plasminogen activation
H203V
-
109% of wild-type plasminogen activation
H208V
-
1.7% of wild-type plasminogen activation
H28V
-
125% of wild-type plasminogen activation
H98V
-
94% of wild-type plasminogen activation
K218A
-
103% of wild-type plasminogen activation
K240A
-
151% of wild-type plasminogen activation
K249A
-
132% of wild-type plasminogen activation
K254A
-
90% of wild-type plasminogen activation
K262A
-
85% of wild-type plasminogen activation
K280A
-
98% of wild-type plasminogen activation
L213I
-
123% of wild-type plasminogen activation
L65A/T66A/L67A
-
mutation decreases laminin binding in the WSLLTPA region
M210G
-
58% of wild-type plasminogen activation
R211K
-
11% of wild-type plasminogen activation
S267A
-
108% of wild-type plasminogen activation
S77A
-
133% of wild-type plasminogen activation
T259I
-
the substitution impairs fibrinolytic activity and plasminogen activation
D206A

-
proteolytic activity is abolished
D206A
-
1.3% of wild-type plasminogen activation
D86A

-
3.5% of wild-type plasminogen activation
D86A
-
inactive, crystallization data
S99A

-
proteolytic activity is abolished
S99A
-
1% of wild-type plasminogen activation
additional information

-
the acyltransferase gene mutant lpxM has an altered activity of plasminogen activator Pla
additional information
-
swapping of ten amino acid residues at two surface loops of Pla and membrane protease Epo of the plant pathogenic Erwinia pyrifoliae introduces plasminogen activation capacity in Epo and inactivates the function in Pla
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Kienle, Z.; Emody, L.; Svanborg, C.; O'Toole, P.W.
Adhesive properties conferred by the plasminogen activator of Yersinia pestis
J. Gen. Microbiol.
138
1679-1687
1992
Yersinia pestis
-
brenda
Lahteenmaki, K.; Virkola, R.; Saren, A.; Emody, L.; Korhonen, T.K.
Expression of plasminogen activator Pla of Yersinia pestis enhances bacterial attachment to the mammalian extracellular matrix
Infect. Immun.
66
5755-5762
1998
Yersinia pestis
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Kutyrev, V.; Mehigh, R.J.; Motin, V.L.; Pokrovskaya, M.S.; Smirnov, G.B.; Brubaker, R.R.
Expression of the plague plasminogen activator in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Escherichia coli
Infect. Immun.
67
1359-1367
1999
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Lahteenmaki, K.; Kukkonen, M.; Korhonen, T.K.
The Pla surface protease/adhesin of Yersinia pestis mediates bacterial invasion into human endothelial cells
FEBS Lett.
504
69-72
2001
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Kukkonen, M.; Lahteenmaki, K.; Suomalainen, M.; Kalkkinen, N.; Emody, L.; Lang, H.; Korhonen, T.K.
Protein regions important for plasminogen activation and inactivation of a2-antiplasmin in the surface protease Pla of Yersinia pestis
Mol. Microbiol.
40
1097-1111
2001
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Lahteenmaki, K.; Kuusela, P.; Korhonen, T.K.
Bacterial plasminogen activators and receptors
FEMS Microbiol. Rev.
25
531-552
2001
Mammalia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus uberis, Yersinia pestis
brenda
Benedek, O.; Bene, J.; Melegh, B.; Emody, L.
Mapping of possible laminin binding sites of Y. pestis plasminogen activator (Pla) via phage display
Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.
529
101-104
2003
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Lobo, L.A.
Adhesive properties of the purified plasminogen activator Pla of Yersinia pestis
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
262
158-162
2006
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Korhonen, T.K.; Lahteenmaki, K.; Kukkonen, M.; Lang, H.
Plasminogen activator of Yersinia pestis
Handbook of proteolytic enzymes (Barrett, A. J. , Rawlings, N. D. , Woessner, J. F. , eds. ) Academic Press
1
217-219
2004
Yersinia pestis
-
brenda
Benedek, O.; Khan, A.S.; Schneider, G.; Nagy, G.; Autar, R.; Pieters, R.J.; Emody, L.
Identification of laminin-binding motifs of Yersinia pestis plasminogen activator by phage display
Int. J. Med. Microbiol.
295
87-98
2005
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Chromy, B.A.; Choi, M.W.; Murphy, G.A.; Gonzales, A.D.; Corzett, C.H.; Chang, B.C.; Fitch, J.P.; McCutchen-Maloney, S.L.
Proteomic characterization of Yersinia pestis virulence
J. Bacteriol.
187
8172-8180
2005
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Benedek, O.; Nagy, G.; Emody, L.
Intracellular signalling and cytoskeletal rearrangement involved in Yersinia pestis plasminogen activator (Pla) mediated HeLa cell invasion
Microb. Pathog.
37
47-54
2004
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Agarkov, A.; Chauhan, S.; Lory, P.J.; Gilbertson, S.R.; Motin, V.L.
Substrate specificity and screening of the integral membrane protease Pla
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
18
427-431
2008
Yersinia pestis (P17811), Yersinia pestis
brenda
Vranckx, L.; De Buck, E.; Anne, J.; Lammertyn, E.
Legionella pneumophila exhibits plasminogen activator activity
Microbiology
153
3757-3765
2007
Legionella pneumophila, Legionella pneumophila Philadelphia
brenda
Lathem, W.W.; Price, P.A.; Miller, V.L.; Goldman, W.E.
A plasminogen-activating protease specifically controls the development of primary pneumonic plague
Science
315
509-513
2007
Yersinia pestis (P17811), Yersinia pestis
brenda
Matero, P.; Pasanen, T.; Laukkanen, R.; Tissari, P.; Tarkka, E.; Vaara, M.; Skurnik, M.
Real-time multiplex PCR assay for detection of Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
APMIS
117
34-44
2009
Yersinia pestis
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Zhang, S.S.; Park, C.G.; Zhang, P.; Bartra, S.S.; Plano, G.V.; Klena, J.D.; Skurnik, M.; Hinnebusch, B.J.; Chen, T.
Plasminogen activator Pla of Yersinia pestis utilizes murine DEC-205 (CD205) as a receptor to promote dissemination
J. Biol. Chem.
283
31511-31521
2008
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Tsang, T.M.; Felek, S.; Krukonis, E.S.
Ail binding to fibronectin facilitates Yersinia pestis binding to host cells and Yop delivery
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78
3358-3368
2010
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Haiko, J.; Kukkonen, M.; Ravantti, J.J.; Westerlund-Wikstroem, B.; Korhonen, T.K.
The single substitution I259T, conserved in the plasminogen activator Pla of pandemic Yersinia pestis branches, enhances fibrinolytic activity
J. Bacteriol.
191
4758-4766
2009
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Feodorova, V.; Pankina, L.; Savostina, E.; Kuznetsov, O.; Konnov, N.; Sayapina, L.; Dentovskaya, S.; Shaikhutdinova, R.; Ageev, S.; Lindner, B.; Kondakova, A.; Kocharova, N.; Senchenkova, S.; Holst, O.; Pier, G.; Knirel, Y.; Anisimov, A.; Motin, V.
Yersinia pestis live vaccine with improved characteristics
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1
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2009
Yersinia pestis
-
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Haiko, J.; Laakkonen, L.; Westerlund-Wikstroem, B.; Korhonen, T.K.
Molecular adaptation of a plant-bacterium outer membrane protease towards plague virulence factor Pla
BMC Evol. Biol.
11
43
2011
Yersinia pestis (P17811)
brenda
Eren, E.; Murphy, M.; Goguen, J.; van den Berg, B.
An active site water network in the plasminogen activator pla from Yersinia pestis
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18
809-818
2010
Yersinia pestis (P17811), Yersinia pestis
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Eren, E.; Van Den Berg, B.
Structural basis for activation of an integral membrane protease by lipopolysaccharide
J. Biol. Chem.
287
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2012
Yersinia pestis (P17811)
brenda
Ruback, E.; Lobo, L.A.; Franca, T.C.; Pascutti, P.G.
Structural analysis of Pla protein from the biological warfare agent Yersinia pestis: docking and molecular dynamics of interactions with the mammalian plasminogen system
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31
477-484
2013
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Lane, M.C.; Lenz, J.D.; Miller, V.L.
Proteolytic processing of the Yersinia pestis YapG autotransporter by the omptin protease Pla and the contribution of YapG to murine plague pathogenesis
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62
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2013
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brenda
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Further characterization of a highly attenuated Yersinia pestis CO92 mutant deleted for the genes encoding Braun lipoprotein and plasminogen activator protease in murine alveolar and primary human macrophages
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80
27-38
2015
Yersinia pestis
brenda
Lawrenz, M.B.; Pennington, J.; Miller, V.L.
Acquisition of omptin reveals cryptic virulence function of autotransporter YapE in Yersinia pestis
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89
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2013
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brenda
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Fast and simple detection of Yersinia pestis applicable to field investigation of plague foci
PLoS ONE
8
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2013
Yersinia pestis
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