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Information on EC 3.4.22.B28 - calpain 8 and Organism(s) Homo sapiens and UniProt Accession A6NHC0
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.4.22.B28preliminary BRENDA-supplied EC number
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3.4.22.B28 calpain 8Specify your search results
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- 3.4.22.B28
- calpastatin
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calcium-dependent
-
caspase
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ca2+-dependent
- cytoskeletal
- calpeptin
- neurodegenerative
- ischemia
-
neuroprotective
- proteasome
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calcium-activated
- alzheimer
- synaptic
- cathepsins
- hippocampal
- degeneration
- cortical
- proteinase
- platelet
- nmda
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neurotoxicity
- spectrin
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excitotoxicity
-
reperfusion
- tau
-
meat
- leupeptin
-
tender
-
traumatic
-
ca2+-activated
-
ionophore
-
autolysis
- myofibrillar
- talin
- n-methyl-d-aspartate
- caspase-12
- neurofilament
- myofibril
-
proteolyzed
-
overactivation
- longissimus
- aif
- desmin
- lactacystin
-
caspase-independent
- sarcomere
-
limb-girdle
- bapta-am
-
nmda-induced
- medicine
-
troponin-t
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
calpain, capn9, capn8, ncl-2', calpain 8, stomach-specific calpain, capn 8, calpain-8a, ncl-2/calpain 8, calpain 8/ncl-2, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
CAPN 8
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nCL-2
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nCL-2'
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stomach specific calpain nCL-2
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stomach-specific calpain
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
78990-62-2
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Acantholysis
Novel mechanisms of target cell death and survival and of therapeutic action of IVIg in Pemphigus.
Acidosis
Acid-sensing ion channel 1a mediates acid-induced pyroptosis through calpain-2/calcineurin pathway in rat articular chondrocytes.
Acidosis
Calpain translocation and activation as pharmacological targets during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion.
Acidosis
Delayed recovery of intracellular acidosis during reperfusion prevents calpain activation and determines protection in postconditioned myocardium.
Acidosis, Lactic
Effect of calpain inhibitor I, an inhibitor of the proteolysis of I kappa B, on the circulatory failure and multiple organ dysfunction caused by endotoxin in the rat.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Anti-apoptotic effect of HIV protease inhibitors via direct inhibition of calpain.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
HIV protease inhibitor therapy reverses neutrophil apoptosis in AIDS patients by direct calpain inhibition.
Acute Kidney Injury
Extracellular calpains increase tubular epithelial cell mobility. Implications for kidney repair after ischemia.
Acute Kidney Injury
Proteasome participates in the pathogenesis of ischemic acute renal failure in rats.
Acute Kidney Injury
Protective role of endothelial calpain knockout in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury via attenuation of the p38-iNOS pathway and NO/ROS production.
Acute Lung Injury
Calpain inhibition ameliorates scald burn-induced acute lung injury in rats.
Adenocarcinoma
Calpain inhibitors ameliorate muscle wasting in a cachectic mouse model bearing CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma
Comparison of the protein expression of calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin and calmodulin between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa.
Adenocarcinoma
Expression of the calpain system is associated with poor clinical outcome in gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma
The role of calpain in the proteolytic cleavage of E-cadherin in prostate and mammary epithelial cells.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
Calpain-mediated pathway dominates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells as determined by real-time single cell analysis.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
Enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and cytostasis of the combination of onconase with a proteasome inhibitor.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
From tobacco smoking to cancer mutational signature: a mediation analysis strategy to explore the role of epigenetic changes.
Adenoviridae Infections
Reexpression of the tumor suppressor gene ARHI induces apoptosis in ovarian and breast cancer cells through a caspase-independent calpain-dependent pathway.
Albuminuria
Podocyte-associated talin1 is critical for glomerular filtration barrier maintenance.
Altitude Sickness
Redox modification of ryanodine receptor contributes to impaired Ca2+ homeostasis and exacerbates muscle atrophy under high altitude.
Alzheimer Disease
A putative mechanism of demyelination in multiple sclerosis by a proteolytic enzyme, calpain.
Alzheimer Disease
Brain targeting of 9c,11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces A? and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice.
Alzheimer Disease
Calcium-activated neutral proteinase (calpain) system in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain activation promotes BACE1 expression, amyloid precursor protein processing, and amyloid plaque formation in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain cleavage and inactivation of the sodium calcium exchanger-3 occur downstream of A? in Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain inhibitor A-705253 mitigates Alzheimer's disease-like pathology and cognitive decline in aged 3xTgAD mice.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain inhibitors as therapeutic agents in nerve and muscle degeneration.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain mediates calcium-induced activation of the erk1,2 MAPK pathway and cytoskeletal phosphorylation in neurons: relevance to Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain-calcineurin signaling in the pathogenesis of calcium-dependent disorder.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain-induced proteolysis of normal human tau and tau associated with paired helical filaments.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain-mediated degradation of p35 to p25 in postmortem human and rat brains.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Alzheimer Disease
Calpastatin levels affect calpain activation and calpain proteolytic activity in APP transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Cleavage of Tau by calpain in Alzheimer's disease: the quest for the toxic 17 kD fragment.
Alzheimer Disease
Comparison of Ca(2+)-activated proteinase enzyme and endogenous inhibitor activity in brain tissue from normal and Alzheimer's disease cases.
Alzheimer Disease
Crystal structures of calpain-E64 and -leupeptin inhibitor complexes reveal mobile loops gating the active site.
Alzheimer Disease
Design and synthesis of 4-aryl-4-oxobutanoic acid amides as calpain inhibitors.
Alzheimer Disease
Design and synthesis of calpain inhibitory 6-pyridone 2-carboxamide derivatives.
Alzheimer Disease
Differential sensitivity to proteolysis by brain calpain of adult human tau, fetal human tau and PHF-tau.
Alzheimer Disease
Discovery of ABT-957: 1-Benzyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxamides as selective calpain inhibitors with enhanced metabolic stability.
Alzheimer Disease
Discovery of Novel and Highly Selective Inhibitors of Calpain for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: 2-(3-Phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-nicotinamides.
Alzheimer Disease
Down-regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase by over-activated calpain in Alzheimer disease brain.
Alzheimer Disease
Elevated [Ca2+]i Levels Occur with Decreased Calpain Activity in Aged Fibroblasts and Reversal by Energy-Rich Compounds: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease Prevention.
Alzheimer Disease
Elevated [Ca2+]i levels occur with decreased calpain activity in aged fibroblasts and their reversal by energy-rich compounds: new paradigm for Alzheimer's disease prevention.
Alzheimer Disease
Expression profiles of hippocampal regenerative sprouting-related genes and their regulation by E-64d in a developmental rat model of penicillin-induced recurrent epilepticus.
Alzheimer Disease
Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein by calpain regulation in retina of Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse.
Alzheimer Disease
Identification of small molecule inhibitors of beta-amyloid cytotoxicity through a cell-based high-throughput screening platform.
Alzheimer Disease
Implication of calpain in neuronal apoptosis. A possible regulation of Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Increased cerebrospinal fluid calpain activity and microparticle levels in Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Inhibitory effect of a brain derived peptide preparation on the Ca++-dependent protease, calpain.
Alzheimer Disease
Isoform-specific hyperactivation of calpain-2 occurs presymptomatically at the synapse in Alzheimer's disease mice and correlates with memory deficits in human subjects.
Alzheimer Disease
Localization of calpain immunoreactivity in senile plaques and in neurones undergoing neurofibrillary degeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease
m-Calpain (calcium-activated neutral proteinase) in Alzheimer's disease brains.
Alzheimer Disease
Molecular modeling studies of peptide inhibitors highlight the importance of conformational prearrangement for inhibition of calpain.
Alzheimer Disease
Negative regulation of 26S proteasome stability via calpain-mediated cleavage of Rpn10 upon mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons.
Alzheimer Disease
Novel Peptidomic Approach for Identification of Low and High Molecular Weight Tauopathy Peptides Following Calpain Digestion, and Primary Culture Neurotoxic Challenges.
Alzheimer Disease
Novel Selective Calpain 1 Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics in Alzheimer's Disease.
Alzheimer Disease
p25/cyclin-dependent kinase 5 promotes the progression of cell death in nucleus of endoplasmic reticulum-stressed neurons.
Alzheimer Disease
Partial rescue of the p35-/- brain phenotype by low expression of a neuronal-specific enolase p25 transgene.
Alzheimer Disease
Phenanthroline impairs ?APP processing and expression, increases p53 protein levels and induces cell cycle arrest in human neuroblastoma cells.
Alzheimer Disease
Potential Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics Among Weak Cysteine Protease Inhibitors Exhibit Mechanistic Differences Regarding Extent of Cathepsin B Up-Regulation and Ability to Block Calpain.
Alzheimer Disease
Processing of cdk5 activator p35 to its truncated form (p25) by calpain in acutely injured neuronal cells.
Alzheimer Disease
Proteolysis of calcineurin is increased in human hippocampus during mild cognitive impairment and is stimulated by oligomeric Abeta.
Alzheimer Disease
Role of Post-Transcriptional Control of Calpain by miR-124-3p in the Development of Alzheimer's Disease.
Alzheimer Disease
Structural determinants of the calpain inhibitory activity of calpastatin peptide B27-WT.
Alzheimer Disease
Synthesis of ?-Ketoamide-Based Stereoselective Calpain-1 Inhibitors as Neuroprotective Agents.
Alzheimer Disease
Synthesis of cinnamoyl ketoamides as hybrid structures of antioxidants and calpain inhibitors.
Alzheimer Disease
Tau released from paired helical filaments with formic acid or guanidine is susceptible to calpain-mediated proteolysis.
Alzheimer Disease
The beta- and gamma-CH2 of B27-WT's Leu11 and Ile18 side chains play a direct role in calpain inhibition.
Alzheimer Disease
The novel calpain inhibitor A-705253 potently inhibits oligomeric beta-amyloid-induced dynamin 1 and tau cleavage in hippocampal neurons.
Alzheimer Disease
The novel calpain inhibitor A-705253 prevents stress-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in vitro and in vivo.
Alzheimer Disease
The pathogenic activation of calpain: a marker and mediator of cellular toxicity and disease states.
Alzheimer Disease
The regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activity through the metabolism of p35 or p39 Cdk5 activator.
Alzheimer Disease
Upregulation of calpain activity precedes tau phosphorylation and loss of synaptic proteins in Alzheimer's disease brain.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
A role for calpain-dependent cleavage of TDP-43 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathology.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Calpain inhibitors as therapeutic agents in nerve and muscle degeneration.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Expression of three calpain isoform genes in human skeletal muscles.
Anemia
Comparative action of calpain on erythrocyte Ca2(+)-pumping ATPase in sickle cell anaemia, essential hypertension and kwashiorkor.
Anemia
The role of calpain and calpastatin in the catabolism of erythrocyte-membrane proteins during anaemia in hamsters (Mesocricetus auretus) infected with Leishmania donovani.
Anemia, Sickle Cell
Comparative action of calpain on erythrocyte Ca2(+)-pumping ATPase in sickle cell anaemia, essential hypertension and kwashiorkor.
Anthrax
Calpain-dependent cytoskeletal rearrangement exploited for anthrax toxin endocytosis.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Calpain inhibition attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Calpain-2 Compensation Promotes Angiotensin II-Induced Ascending and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Calpain-1 Deficient Mice.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Leukocyte Calpain Deficiency Reduces Angiotensin II-Induced Inflammation and Atherosclerosis But Not Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice.
Aortic Valve Stenosis
Molecular basis of calpain cleavage and inactivation of the sodium-calcium exchanger 1 in heart failure.
Arthritis
Acid-sensing ion channel 1a mediates acid-induced pyroptosis through calpain-2/calcineurin pathway in rat articular chondrocytes.
Arthritis
Amelioration of experimental arthritis by a calpain-inhibitory compound: regulation of cytokine production by E-64-d in vivo and in vitro.
Arthritis
Appearance of calpain correlates with arthritis and cartilage destruction in collagen induced arthritic knee joints of mice.
Arthritis
Immunohistochemical demonstration of calcium-dependent cysteine proteinase (calpain) in collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
Arthritis
Molecular modeling studies of peptide inhibitors highlight the importance of conformational prearrangement for inhibition of calpain.
Arthritis, Experimental
Immunohistochemical demonstration of calcium-dependent cysteine proteinase (calpain) in collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Cysteine and serine proteases of synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Ex vivo measurement of calpain activation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by detection of immunoreactive products of calpastatin degradation.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Extracellular appearance of calpain and calpastatin in the synovial fluid of the knee joint.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Inflammatory cytokines induced down-regulation of m-calpain mRNA expression in fibroblastic synoviocytes from patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
[Antigenic epitopes recognized by autoantibodies to calpastatin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and their clinical significance]
Asthma
Calpain-activated mTORC2/Akt pathway mediates airway smooth muscle remodeling in asthma.
Asthma
Loss-of-function of inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase reversibly increases the severity of allergic airway inflammation.
Astrocytoma
Memantine and Ibuprofen pretreatment exerts anti-inflammatory effect against streptozotocin-induced astroglial inflammation via modulation of NMDA receptor-associated downstream calcium ion signaling.
Ataxia
Age-dependent ataxia and neurodegeneration caused by an ?II spectrin mutation with impaired regulation of its calpain sensitivity.
Ataxia
Publisher Correction: Age-dependent ataxia and neurodegeneration caused by an ?II spectrin mutation with impaired regulation of its calpain sensitivity.
Atherosclerosis
A PEST sequence in ABCA1 regulates degradation by calpain protease and stabilization of ABCA1 by apoA-I.
Atherosclerosis
Calpain inhibition attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice.
Atherosclerosis
Calpain inhibitor attenuates atherosclerosis and inflammation in atherosclerotic rats through eNOS/NO/NF-?B pathway.
Atherosclerosis
Emerging roles of calpain proteolytic systems in macrophage cholesterol handling.
Atherosclerosis
Leukocyte Calpain Deficiency Reduces Angiotensin II-Induced Inflammation and Atherosclerosis But Not Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice.
Atherosclerosis
m-Calpain induction in vascular endothelial cells on human and mouse atheromas and its roles in VE-cadherin disorganization and atherosclerosis.
Atrial Fibrillation
Anti-apoptotic effects of a calpain inhibitor on cardiomyocytes in a canine rapid atrial fibrillation model.
Atrial Fibrillation
Calpain I inhibition prevents atrial structural remodeling in a canine model with atrial fibrillation.
Atrial Fibrillation
Calpain in Atrial Fibrillation: Friend or Foe? : Editorial to: "Anti-apoptotic effects of a calpain inhibitor on cardiomyocytes in a canine rapid atrial fibrillation model" by Yue Li et al.
Atrial Fibrillation
Calpain inhibition prevents pacing-induced cellular remodeling in a HL-1 myocyte model for atrial fibrillation.
Atrial Fibrillation
Calpain mediates cardiac troponin degradation and contractile dysfunction in atrial fibrillation.
Atrial Fibrillation
Calpain-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor Signaling and the Development of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease and Diabetes.
Atrial Fibrillation
Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Role of Calpain: Implications for the Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation.
Atrial Fibrillation
Role of the Calpain System in Pulmonary Vein Connexin Remodeling in Dogs with Atrial Fibrillation.
Atrial Fibrillation
[Effect of calpain 1 on structural remodeling and contractile dysfunction in atrial fibrillation: experiment with dogs]
Bacteremia
Calpains promote neutrophil recruitment and bacterial clearance in an acute bacterial peritonitis model.
Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease
Proteomic analysis in aortic media of patients with Marfan syndrome reveals increased activity of calpain 2 in aortic aneurysms.
Blindness
Effects of magnesium taurate on the onset and progression of galactose-induced experimental cataract: In vivo and in vitro evaluation.
Blister
Calpain activation in plasma membrane bleb formation during tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced rat hepatocyte injury.
Blister
Determination of a safe vascular clamping method for liver surgery: evaluation by measuring activation of calpain mu.
Blister
Genetic disruption of calpain correlates with loss of membrane blebbing and differential expression of RhoGDI-1, cofilin and tropomyosin.
Blister
Platelet adhesion enhances the glycoprotein VI-dependent procoagulant response: Involvement of p38 MAP kinase and calpain.
Blister
Prostacyclin analog-suppressed ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver: evaluation by calpain mu activation.
Bone Resorption
Calpain is required for normal osteoclast function and is down-regulated by calcitonin.
Brain Contusion
Relative effects of mannitol and hypertonic saline on calpain activity, apoptosis and polymorphonuclear infiltration in traumatic focal brain injury.
Brain Diseases
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Brain Diseases
Erythropoietin Modulates Cerebral and Serum Degradation Products from Excess Calpain Activation following Prenatal Hypoxia-Ischemia.
Brain Injuries
A novel calpastatin-based inhibitor improves postischemic neurological recovery.
Brain Injuries
Behavioral efficacy of posttraumatic calpain inhibition is not accompanied by reduced spectrin proteolysis, cortical lesion, or apoptosis.
Brain Injuries
Beneficial effects of antecedent exercise training on limb motor function and calpain expression in a rat model of stroke.
Brain Injuries
Blockade of calpain proteolytic activity rescues neurons from glutamate excitotoxicity.
Brain Injuries
Calpain inhibitor AK295 attenuates motor and cognitive deficits following experimental brain injury in the rat.
Brain Injuries
Calpain inhibitor MDL 28170 protects hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats by inhibition of both apoptosis and necrosis.
Brain Injuries
Calpastatin peptide attenuates early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Brain Injuries
Hypothermia inhibits translocation of CaM kinase II and PKC-alpha, beta, gamma isoforms and fodrin proteolysis in rat brain synaptosome during ischemia-reperfusion.
Brain Injuries
Inhibition of nNOS reduces ischemic cell death through down-regulating calpain and caspase-3 after experimental stroke.
Brain Injuries
Introduction of calpain inhibitors in traumatic brain injury: A novel approach?
Brain Injuries
Knockdown of m-calpain increases survival of primary hippocampal neurons following NMDA excitotoxicity.
Brain Injuries
Memory impairments and hippocampal modifications in adult rats with neonatal isolation stress experience.
Brain Injuries
Prolonged calpain-mediated spectrin breakdown occurs regionally following experimental brain injury in the rat.
Brain Injuries
Proteolysis of multiple myelin basic protein isoforms after neurotrauma: characterization by mass spectrometry.
Brain Injuries
Regionally distinct patterns of calpain activation and traumatic axonal injury following contusive brain injury in immature rats.
Brain Injuries
Relative effects of mannitol and hypertonic saline on calpain activity, apoptosis and polymorphonuclear infiltration in traumatic focal brain injury.
Brain Injuries
RNAi targeting micro-calpain increases neuron survival and preserves hippocampal function after global brain ischemia.
Brain Injuries
Selective, reversible caspase-3 inhibitor is neuroprotective and reveals distinct pathways of cell death after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
Brain Injuries
Structural determinants of the calpain inhibitory activity of calpastatin peptide B27-WT.
Brain Injuries
The beta- and gamma-CH2 of B27-WT's Leu11 and Ile18 side chains play a direct role in calpain inhibition.
Brain Injuries
The pathogenic activation of calpain: a marker and mediator of cellular toxicity and disease states.
Brain Injuries, Diffuse
The novel calpain inhibitor SJA6017 improves functional outcome after delayed administration in a mouse model of diffuse brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
A calpain inhibitor attenuates cortical cytoskeletal protein loss after experimental traumatic brain injury in the rat.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
A PHARMACOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF THE BRAIN AND CELL PERMEABLE CALPAIN INHIBITOR MDL-28170 IN THE MOUSE CONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACT TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY MODEL.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Age-dependent ataxia and neurodegeneration caused by an ?II spectrin mutation with impaired regulation of its calpain sensitivity.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
alphaII-Spectrin Breakdown Products (SBDPs): Diagnosis and Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Altered calpastatin protein levels following traumatic brain injury in rat.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Basic science; repetitive mild non-contusive brain trauma in immature rats exacerbates traumatic axonal injury and axonal calpain activation: a preliminary report.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Behavioral efficacy of posttraumatic calpain inhibition is not accompanied by reduced spectrin proteolysis, cortical lesion, or apoptosis.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Brain injury-induced proteolysis is reduced in a novel calpastatin-overexpressing transgenic mouse.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Calpain activation and inhibition in organotypic rat hippocampal slice cultures deprived of oxygen and glucose.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Calpain expression in the brain cortex after traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Calpain inhibitor AK295 attenuates motor and cognitive deficits following experimental brain injury in the rat.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Calpain inhibitor MDL-28170 reduces the functional and structural deterioration of corpus callosum following fluid percussion injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Calpain inhibitor MDL28170 improves the transplantation-mediated therapeutic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells following traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Caspase inhibitor z-DEVD-fmk attenuates calpain and necrotic cell death in vitro and after traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Citicoline Protects Brain Against Closed Head Injury in Rats Through Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Calpain Over-Activation.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Clinical significance of alphaII-spectrin breakdown products in cerebrospinal fluid after severe traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Concurrent calpain and caspase-3 mediated proteolysis of alpha II-spectrin and tau in rat brain after methamphetamine exposure: a similar profile to traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Controlled cortical impact-induced neurodegeneration decreases after administration of the novel calpain-inhibitor Gabadur.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
CPCGI Reduces Gray and White Matter Injury by Upregulating Nrf2 Signaling and Suppressing Calpain Overactivation in a Rat Model of Controlled Cortical Impact.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Detection of aII-spectrin and breakdown products in humans after severe traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Dual vulnerability of TDP-43 to calpain and caspase-3 proteolysis after neurotoxic conditions and traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Effects of injury severity on regional and temporal mRNA expression levels of calpains and caspases after traumatic brain injury in rats.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Extensive degradation of myelin basic protein isoforms by calpain following traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Inhibition of calpain and caspase-3 prevented apoptosis and preserved electrophysiological properties of voltage-gated and ligand-gated ion channels in rat primary cortical neurons exposed to glutamate.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Inhibition of calpain-mediated cell death by a novel peptide inhibitor.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Introduction of calpain inhibitors in traumatic brain injury: A novel approach?
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Mechanisms of calpain mediated proteolysis of voltage gated sodium channel ?-subunits following in vitro dynamic stretch injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Mechanisms of calpain proteolysis following traumatic brain injury: implications for pathology and therapy: implications for pathology and therapy: a review and update.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Melatonin, a calpain inhibitor in the central nervous system: Current status and future perspectives.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Moderate hypothermia, but not calpain inhibitor 2, attenuates the proteolysis of microtubule-associated protein 2 in the hippocampus following traumatic brain injury in rats.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Molecular modeling studies of peptide inhibitors highlight the importance of conformational prearrangement for inhibition of calpain.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
mu-calpain activation and calpain-mediated cytoskeletal proteolysis following traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Neuroprotective effects of novel small peptides in vitro and after brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Novel Peptidomic Approach for Identification of Low and High Molecular Weight Tauopathy Peptides Following Calpain Digestion, and Primary Culture Neurotoxic Challenges.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
pH dependency of mu-calpain and m-calpain activity assayed by casein zymography following traumatic brain injury in the rat.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Pharmacological analysis of the cortical neuronal cytoskeletal protective efficacy of the calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 in a mouse traumatic brain injury model.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Propofol ameliorates calpain-induced collapsin response mediator protein-2 proteolysis in traumatic brain injury in rats.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Protective Effects of Calpain Inhibition on Neurovascular Unit Injury through Downregulating Nuclear Factor-?B-related Inflammation during Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Protective effects of PARP inhibitor, PJ34, is related to down-regulation of calpain and NF-?B in a mouse model of TBI.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Protective functions of PJ34, a PARP inhibitor, is related to down-regulation of calpain and NF-?B in a mouse model of TBI.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Proteins released from degenerating neurons are surrogate markers for acute brain damage.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Regional calpain and caspase-3 proteolysis of alpha-spectrin after traumatic brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Regionally distinct patterns of calpain activation and traumatic axonal injury following contusive brain injury in immature rats.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Short-duration treatment with the calpain inhibitor MDL-28170 does not protect axonal transport in an in vivo model of traumatic axonal injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Spectrin Breakdown Products (SBDPs) as Potential Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Subcellular localization and duration of mu-calpain and m-calpain activity after traumatic brain injury in the rat: a casein zymography study.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Tacrolimus and cyclosporine A are of no benefit to young rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
The novel calpain inhibitor SJA6017 improves functional outcome after delayed administration in a mouse model of diffuse brain injury.
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
[Time course of calpain activity changes in rat neurons following fluid percussion injury and the interventional effect of mild hypothermia]
Brain Ischemia
A novel calpain inhibitor, ((1S)-1((((1S)-1-benzyl-3-cyclopropylamino-2,3-di-oxopropyl)amino)carbonyl)-3-methylbutyl) carbamic acid 5-methoxy-3-oxapentyl ester, protects neuronal cells from cerebral ischemia-induced damage in mice.
Brain Ischemia
Accumulation of calpain and caspase-3 proteolytic fragments of brain-derived alphaII-spectrin in cerebral spinal fluid after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
Brain Ischemia
Activation of calpain, cathepsin-b and caspase-3 during transient focal cerebral ischemia in rat model.
Brain Ischemia
Beneficial effects of antecedent exercise training on limb motor function and calpain expression in a rat model of stroke.
Brain Ischemia
Calpain cleavage of collapsin response mediator proteins in ischemic mouse brain.
Brain Ischemia
Calpain inhibitor AK295 protects neurons from focal brain ischemia. Effects of postocclusion intra-arterial administration.
Brain Ischemia
Calpain mediates eukaryotic initiation factor 4G degradation during global brain ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Calpain-calcineurin signaling in the pathogenesis of calcium-dependent disorder.
Brain Ischemia
Calpain-cleaved collapsin response mediator protein-3 induces neuronal death after glutamate toxicity and cerebral ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Calpain-Dependent ErbB4 Cleavage Is Involved in Brain Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Death.
Brain Ischemia
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Brain Ischemia
Cathepsin and calpain inhibitor E64d attenuates matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity after focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Brain Ischemia
Cleavage of the Vesicular GABA Transporter under Excitotoxic Conditions Is Followed by Accumulation of the Truncated Transporter in Nonsynaptic Sites.
Brain Ischemia
Comparison of calpain and caspase activities in the adult rat brain after transient forebrain ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Critical role of calpain I in mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor in ischemic neuronal injury.
Brain Ischemia
Cross-talk Between Calpain and Caspase-3 in Penumbra and Core During Focal Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion.
Brain Ischemia
Currently evaluated calpain and caspase inhibitors for neuroprotection in experimental brain ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Dapsone prolong delayed excitotoxic neuronal cell death by interacting with proapoptotic/survival signaling proteins.
Brain Ischemia
Decrease of PKC precedes other cellular signs of calpain activation in area CA1 of the hippocampus after transient cerebral ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Delayed moderate hypothermia reduces calpain activity and breakdown of its substrate in experimental focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Brain Ischemia
Generation of constitutively active calcineurin by calpain contributes to delayed neuronal death following mouse brain ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Hippocampal CA1 cell loss in a non-human primate model of transient global ischemia: a pilot study.
Brain Ischemia
Immunolocalization of calpain I-mediated spectrin degradation to vulnerable neurons in the ischemic gerbil brain.
Brain Ischemia
Increased intracellular calpain detection in experimental focal cerebral ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Inhibition of nNOS reduces ischemic cell death through down-regulating calpain and caspase-3 after experimental stroke.
Brain Ischemia
Ischemia-induced modifications of protein components of rat brain postsynaptic densities.
Brain Ischemia
Ischemic neuronal death in the rat hippocampus: the calpain-calpastatin-caspase hypothesis.
Brain Ischemia
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIalpha undergo neurotoxin-induced proteolysis.
Brain Ischemia
Neuroprotection with a calpain inhibitor in a model of focal cerebral ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Neuroprotective mechanism of taurine due to up-regulating calpastatin and down-regulating calpain and caspase-3 during focal cerebral ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Permissive and repulsive cues and signalling pathways of axonal outgrowth and regeneration.
Brain Ischemia
Postischemic treatment with calpain inhibitor MDL 28170 ameliorates brain damage in a gerbil model of global ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Protective effects of calpain inhibitors against neuronal damage caused by cytotoxic hypoxia in vitro and ischemia in vivo.
Brain Ischemia
Salvianolic acid A inhibits calpain activation and eNOS uncoupling during focal cerebral ischemia in mice.
Brain Ischemia
Six-hour window of opportunity for calpain inhibition in focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Brain Ischemia
Spatial resolution of calpain-catalyzed proteolysis in focal cerebral ischemia.
Brain Ischemia
Suppressive effect of E-64c on ischemic degradation of cerebral proteins following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats.
Brain Ischemia
The novel calpain inhibitor SJA6017 improves functional outcome after delayed administration in a mouse model of diffuse brain injury.
Brain Ischemia
[Effects of 3-N-butylphthalide on cortical calcineurin and calpain activities in focal cerebral ischemia rats]
Brain Ischemia
[Protective effect of calpain inhibitor-3 on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage of neonatal rats]
Brain Neoplasms
A new human calpastatin skipped of the inhibitory region protects calpain-1 from inactivation and degradation.
Brain Neoplasms
Molecular evidence of apoptotic death in malignant brain tumors including glioblastoma multiforme: upregulation of calpain and caspase-3.
Breast Neoplasms
17beta-estradiol induces both up-regulation and processing of cyclin E in a calpain-dependent manner in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Breast Neoplasms
A new human calpastatin skipped of the inhibitory region protects calpain-1 from inactivation and degradation.
Breast Neoplasms
Association of mitochondrial calpain activation with increased expression and autolysis of calpain small subunit in an early stage of apoptosis.
Breast Neoplasms
Ca²+;-Dependent Neutral Protease (Calpain) Activity in Breast Cancer Tissue and Estrogen Receptor Status.
Breast Neoplasms
Calcium and calpain as key mediators of apoptosis-like death induced by vitamin D compounds in breast cancer cells.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain 2 and PTP1B function in a novel pathway with Src to regulate invadopodia dynamics and breast cancer cell invasion.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain Genetic Disruption and HSP90 Inhibition Combine To Attenuate Mammary Tumorigenesis.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain in Breast Cancer: Role in Disease Progression and Treatment Response.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain regulates sensitivity to trastuzumab and survival in HER2-positive breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain small-1 modulates Akt/FoxO3A signaling and apoptosis through PP2A.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain system protein expression in basal-like and triple-negative invasive breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain-1 Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Potential Prognostic Factor Independent of the Proliferative/Apoptotic Index.
Breast Neoplasms
Calpain-dependent clearance of the autophagy protein p62/SQSTM1 is a contributor to ?PK oncolytic activity in melanoma.
Breast Neoplasms
Caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression in breast cancer: caspase-3 is associated with survival.
Breast Neoplasms
Cyclin E both regulates and is regulated by calpain 2, a protease associated with metastatic breast cancer phenotype.
Breast Neoplasms
Cyclin E in breast tumors is cleaved into its low molecular weight forms by calpain.
Breast Neoplasms
Enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and cytostasis of the combination of onconase with a proteasome inhibitor.
Breast Neoplasms
Estrogen and pure antiestrogen fulvestrant (ICI 182 780) augment cell-matrigel adhesion of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through a novel G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPR30)-to-calpain signaling axis.
Breast Neoplasms
Ezrin regulates focal adhesion and invadopodia dynamics by altering calpain activity to promote breast cancer cell invasion.
Breast Neoplasms
Fibronectin induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells via activation of calpain.
Breast Neoplasms
I-kappaBalpha depletion by transglutaminase 2 and mu-calpain occurs in parallel with the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
Breast Neoplasms
Mitochondria, calcium, and calpain are key mediators of resveratrol-induced apoptosis in breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms
Modulation by Syk of Bcl-2, calcium and the calpain-calpastatin proteolytic system in human breast cancer cells.
Breast Neoplasms
Possible involvement of calpain in the growth of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells.
Breast Neoplasms
Regulation of apoptosis in adipocytes and breast cancer cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: a link between obesity and breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms
The calpain system is associated with survival of breast cancer patients with large but operable inflammatory and non-inflammatory tumours treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Breast Neoplasms
The expression of calpain-1 and androgen receptor in breast cancer and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics: An immunohistochemical retrospective study.
Breast Neoplasms
The induction of CYP1A1 by oltipraz is mediated through calcium-dependent-calpain.
Breast Neoplasms
TransMiner: mining transitive associations among biological objects from text.
Burkitt Lymphoma
Induction of apoptosis in E?-myc lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo through calpain inhibition.
calpain 8 deficiency
Analysis of calpain-3 protein in muscle biopsies of different muscular dystrophies from India.
calpain 8 deficiency
Calpain chronicle--an enzyme family under multidisciplinary characterization.
calpain 8 deficiency
Calpains mediate p53 activation and neuronal death evoked by DNA damage.
calpain 8 deficiency
Cardiomyocyte degeneration with calpain deficiency reveals a critical role in protein homeostasis.
calpain 8 deficiency
Expanding members and roles of the calpain superfamily and their genetically modified animals.
calpain 8 deficiency
Leukocyte Calpain Deficiency Reduces Angiotensin II-Induced Inflammation and Atherosclerosis But Not Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice.
calpain 8 deficiency
Myopathy with lobulated muscle fibers: evidence for heterogeneous etiology and clinical presentation.
calpain 8 deficiency
Partial epilepsy in an adolescent male with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1B.
calpain 8 deficiency
Pseudometabolic expression and phenotypic variability of calpain deficiency in two siblings.
calpain 8 deficiency
Ubiquitous calpains promote caspase-12 and JNK activation during endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis.
Carcinogenesis
Antisense RNA-mediated deficiency of the calpain protease, nCL-4, in NIH3T3 cells is associated with neoplastic transformation and tumorigenesis.
Carcinogenesis
Calpain 8/nCL-2 and calpain 9/nCL-4 constitute an active protease complex, G-calpain, involved in gastric mucosal defense.
Carcinogenesis
Calpain Genetic Disruption and HSP90 Inhibition Combine To Attenuate Mammary Tumorigenesis.
Carcinogenesis
Calpain-Associated Proteolytic Regulation of the Stromal Microenvironment in Cancer.
Carcinogenesis
Calpain-dependent proteolysis of NF2 protein: involvement in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Carcinogenesis
Caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression in breast cancer: caspase-3 is associated with survival.
Carcinogenesis
Comparison of the protein expression of calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin and calmodulin between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa.
Carcinogenesis
Different expression patterns of calpain isozymes 1 and 2 (CAPN1 and 2) in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) of human skin.
Carcinogenesis
Expanding members and roles of the calpain superfamily and their genetically modified animals.
Carcinogenesis
Expression of calpain I messenger RNA in human renal cell carcinoma: correlation with lymph node metastasis and histological type.
Carcinogenesis
The calpain/calpastatin system has opposing roles in growth and metastatic dissemination of melanoma.
Carcinogenesis
The involvement of calpain-dependent proteolysis of the tumor suppressor NF2 (merlin) in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Carcinogenesis
The role of calpain in the proteolytic cleavage of E-cadherin in prostate and mammary epithelial cells.
Carcinoma
Calpain system protein expression in carcinomas of the pancreas, bile duct and ampulla.
Carcinoma
Capn4 mRNA level is correlated with tumour progression and clinical outcome in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma
Different expression patterns of calpain isozymes 1 and 2 (CAPN1 and 2) in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) of human skin.
Carcinoma
Enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and cytostasis of the combination of onconase with a proteasome inhibitor.
Carcinoma
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transcription factors HIF-1, NF-kB expression in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck; association with proteasome and calpain activities.
Carcinoma
Inhibition of mitochondrial and cytosolic calpain attenuates atrophy in myotubes co-cultured with colon carcinoma cells.
Carcinoma
The study of the calpain and caspase-1 expression in ultrastructural dynamics of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma necrosis.
Carcinoma
The tyrosine phosphatase HD-PTP (PTPN23) is degraded by calpains in a calcium-dependent manner.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell
Different expression patterns of calpain isozymes 1 and 2 (CAPN1 and 2) in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) of human skin.
Carcinoma, Embryonal
Activation of calpain precedes morphological alterations during hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in neuronally differentiated mouse embryonal carcinoma P19 cell line.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Calpain inhibition impairs glycogen syntheses in HepG2 hepatoma cells without altering insulin signaling.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Calpain mediates the dioxin-induced activation and down-regulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells resist necrosis during anoxia by preventing phospholipase-mediated calpain activation.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Phenobarbital inhibits calpain activity and expression in mouse hepatoma cells.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Noninvasive Early Detection of Calpain 2-Enriched Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using a Human Serum Albumin-Bounded Calpain 2 Nanosensor.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone induces phosphorylation of mu- and m-calpain in association with increased secretion, cell migration, and invasion.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
Capn4 mRNA level is correlated with tumour progression and clinical outcome in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
The interaction of superoxide with nitric oxide destabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Different expression patterns of calpain isozymes 1 and 2 (CAPN1 and 2) in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) of human skin.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transcription factors HIF-1, NF-kB expression in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck; association with proteasome and calpain activities.
Cardiac Output, Low
Ultrastructural changes in myocardial cells of rats fed a low protein diet.
Cardiomegaly
?-adrenergic activation may promote myosin light chain kinase degradation through calpain in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy: ?-adrenergic activation results in MLCK degradation.
Cardiomegaly
A calcium stimulated cysteine protease involved in isoproterenol induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Cardiomegaly
Calpains mediate isoproterenol-induced hypertrophy through modulation of GRK2.
Cardiomegaly
Expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and downstream muscle-specific proteins in ground squirrel skeletal and heart muscle during hibernation.
Cardiomegaly
In vivo administration of calpeptin attenuates calpain activation and cardiomyocyte loss in pressure-overloaded feline myocardium.
Cardiomegaly
Tear me down: role of calpain in the development of cardiac ventricular hypertrophy.
Cardiomyopathies
Activation of Both the Calpain and Ubiquitin-Proteasome Systems Contributes to Septic Cardiomyopathy through Dystrophin Loss/Disruption and mTOR Inhibition.
Cardiomyopathies
Calpain-mediated dystrophin disruption may be a potential structural culprit behind chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.
Cardiomyopathies
Calpains mediate isoproterenol-induced hypertrophy through modulation of GRK2.
Cardiomyopathies
Protective effect of calpain inhibitor N-acetyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-norleucinal on acute alcohol consumption related cardiomyopathy.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated
Cardiomyocyte degeneration with calpain deficiency reveals a critical role in protein homeostasis.
Cardiotoxicity
Over-expression of calpastatin aggravates cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin.
Cardiovascular Diseases
A novel role for calpains in the endothelial dysfunction of hyperglycemia.
Cardiovascular Diseases
Calpain regulates CVB3 induced viral myocarditis by promoting autophagic flux upon infection.
Cardiovascular Diseases
RNA-sequencing analysis of differential gene expression associated with arterial stiffness.
Cataract
A macrocyclic calpain inhibitor slows the development of inherited cortical cataracts in a sheep model.
Cataract
Age-related changes of calpain II and alpha-crystallin in the lens of hereditary cataract (Nakano) mouse.
Cataract
alpha-Crystallin chaperone activity is reduced by calpain II in vitro and in selenite cataract.
Cataract
Altered ubiquitin causes perturbed calcium homeostasis, hyperactivation of calpain, dysregulated differentiation, and cataract.
Cataract
Amelioration of cataracts and proteolysis in cultured lenses by cysteine protease inhibitor E64.
Cataract
Calcium ionophore induced proteolysis and cataract: inhibition by cell permeable calpain antagonists.
Cataract
Calcium-activated neutral proteinase (calpain) system in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Cataract
Calpain inhibitor, SJA6017, reduces the rate of formation of selenite cataract in rats.
Cataract
Calpain inhibitors reduce the cornified cell envelope formation by inhibiting proteolytic processing of transglutaminase 1.
Cataract
Calpain inhibitors: a survey of compounds reported in the patent and scientific literature.
Cataract
Cataract formation by a semiquinone metabolite of acetaminophen in mice: possible involvement of Ca(2+)and calpain activation.
Cataract
Cellular events preceding acetaminophen cataractogenesis studied by confocal fluorescence microscopy.
Cataract
Changes in calpain II mRNA in young rat lens during maturation and cataract formation.
Cataract
Cocrystal structures of primed side-extending alpha-ketoamide inhibitors reveal novel calpain-inhibitor aromatic interactions.
Cataract
Comparison of cell-permeable calpain inhibitors and E64 in reduction of cataract in cultured rat lenses.
Cataract
Comparison of Lp82- and m-calpain-mediated proteolysis during cataractogenesis in Shumiya cataract rat (SCR).
Cataract
Comparison of various calpain inhibitors in reduction of light scattering, protein precipitation and nuclear cataract in vitro.
Cataract
Contribution of ubiquitous calpains to cataractogenesis in the spontaneous diabetic WBN/Kob rat.
Cataract
Correction for Liu et al., Altered ubiquitin causes perturbed calcium homeostasis, hyperactivation of calpain, dysregulated differentiation, and cataract.
Cataract
CRY?A3/A1-Crystallin Knockout Develops Nuclear Cataract and Causes Impaired Lysosomal Cargo Clearance and Calpain Activation.
Cataract
Cysteine protease inhibitor E64 reduces the rate of formation of selenite cataract in the whole animal.
Cataract
Discovery of Novel and Highly Selective Inhibitors of Calpain for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: 2-(3-Phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-nicotinamides.
Cataract
Effects of magnesium taurate on the onset and progression of galactose-induced experimental cataract: In vivo and in vitro evaluation.
Cataract
Evidence for the involvement of calpain in cataractogenesis in Shumiya cataract rat (SCR).
Cataract
Expression and proteolytic activity of calpain in lens epithelial cells of oxidative cataract.
Cataract
Hydration and elevated calcium alone do not produce xylose nuclear cataract: role of proteolysis by calpain.
Cataract
Immunohistochemical study of calpain-mediated alpha-crystallin proteolysis in the UPL rat hereditary cataract.
Cataract
Lens epithelial cell apoptosis and intracellular Ca2+ increase in the presence of xanthurenic acid.
Cataract
Low activity by the calpain system in primate lenses causes resistance to calcium-induced proteolysis.
Cataract
Modelling cortical cataractogenesis. XXIX. Calpain proteolysis of lens fodrin in cataract.
Cataract
Molecular modeling studies of peptide inhibitors highlight the importance of conformational prearrangement for inhibition of calpain.
Cataract
Naphthoquinone-Induced cataract in mice: possible involvement of Ca2+ release and calpain activation.
Cataract
Nuclear cataract and light scattering in cultured lenses from guinea pig and rabbit.
Cataract
Origin of urea-soluble protein in the selenite cataract. Role of beta-crystallin proteolysis and calpain II.
Cataract
Proteolysis by calpain is an underlying mechanism for formation of sugar cataract in rat lens.
Cataract
Regional distribution of free calcium in selenite cataract: relation to calpain II.
Cataract
Regulatory effect of chrysin on expression of lenticular calcium transporters, calpains, and apoptotic-cascade components in selenite-induced cataract.
Cataract
Sequence analysis of lens beta-crystallins suggests involvement of calpain in cataract formation.
Cataract
SJA6017, a newly synthesized peptide aldehyde inhibitor of calpain: amelioration of cataract in cultured rat lenses.
Cataract
Structural determinants of the calpain inhibitory activity of calpastatin peptide B27-WT.
Cataract
Susceptibility of ovine lens crystallins to proteolytic cleavage during formation of hereditary cataract.
Cataract
The in vitro retardation of porcine cataractogenesis by the calpain inhibitor, SJA6017.
Cataract
Vitex negundo attenuates calpain activation and cataractogenesis in selenite models.
Cerebral Infarction
Accumulation of calpain and caspase-3 proteolytic fragments of brain-derived alphaII-spectrin in cerebral spinal fluid after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
Cerebral Infarction
[Study advancement of calpain and apoptosis following cerebral ischemia]
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
Improvement of deficient natural killer activity and delayed bactericidal activity by a thiol proteinase inhibitor, E-64-d, in leukocytes from Chediak-Higashi syndrome patients in vitro.
Colitis
Calpain inhibitor I reduces colon injury caused by dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid in the rat.
Colitis
Cytosolic HMGB1 controls the cellular autophagy/apoptosis checkpoint during inflammation.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Apple polyphenols extract (APE) improves colon damage in a rat model of colitis.
Colonic Neoplasms
Astragalus saponins modulates colon cancer development by regulating calpain-mediated glucose-regulated protein expression.
Colonic Neoplasms
Cryptotanshinone-Induced p53-Dependent Sensitization of Colon Cancer Cells to Apoptotic Drive by Regulation of Calpain and Calcium Homeostasis.
Colonic Neoplasms
Magnesium deficiency with high calcium-to-magnesium ratio promotes a metastatic phenotype in the CT26 colon cancer cell line.
Colonic Neoplasms
Modulation of Intracellular Calcium Levels by Calcium Lactate Affects Colon Cancer Cell Motility through Calcium-Dependent Calpain.
Colonic Neoplasms
N-myristoyltransferase 2 expression in human colon cancer: cross-talk between the calpain and caspase system.
Colonic Neoplasms
Overcoming acquired resistance to TRAIL by chemotherapeutic agents and calpain inhibitor I through distinct mechanisms.
Colonic Neoplasms
Role of calpain and caspase system in the regulation of N-myristoyltransferase in human colon cancer (Review).
Colonic Neoplasms
[Proteasome and calpain activities in colon cancer: the relation with metastasis and prognosis].
Colorectal Neoplasms
Calcium Channel Protein ORAI1 Mediates TGF-? Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer Cells.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Calpain 2-dependent I?B? degradation mediates CPT-11 secondary resistance in colorectal cancer xenografts.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Chymotrypsin-like activity of proteasomes and total calpain activity in gastric and colorectal cancer.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Correction: Reversion of resistance to oxaliplatin by inhibition of p38 MAPK in colorectal cancer cell lines: involvement of the calpain / Nox1 pathway.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Limoniastrum guyonianum aqueous gall extract induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting calpain activity.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Luteolin induces apoptosis in BE colorectal cancer cells by downregulating calpain, UHRF1, and DNMT1 expressions.
Colorectal Neoplasms
New localization and function of calpain-2 in nucleoli of colorectal cancer cells in ribosomal biogenesis: effect of KRAS status.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Reversion of resistance to oxaliplatin by inhibition of p38 MAPK in colorectal cancer cell lines: involvement of the calpain / Nox1 pathway.
Congenital Abnormalities
Calcium Alleviates Fluoride-Induced Bone Damage by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.
Contracture
Activation of proteases and changes in Na+-K+-ATPase subunits in hearts subjected to ischemia-reperfusion.
Contracture
Different roles for contracture and calpain in calcium paradox-induced heart injury.
Coronary Artery Disease
Calpain inhibition decreases myocardial fibrosis in chronically ischemic hypercholesterolemic swine.
Coronary Occlusion
Delayed, oral pharmacological inhibition of calpains attenuates adverse post-infarction remodelling.
Coronary Occlusion
Mitochondrial m-calpain opens the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in ischemia-reperfusion.
Coronary Occlusion
Protection Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Clinical Practice.
Coronary Occlusion
Protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in clinical practice.
Craniocerebral Trauma
The novel calpain inhibitor SJA6017 improves functional outcome after delayed administration in a mouse model of diffuse brain injury.
Cystic Fibrosis
Abnormal activation of calpain and protein kinase C? promotes a constitutive release of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cystic fibrosis patients.
Cystic Fibrosis
Calpain inhibition promotes the rescue of F(508)del-CFTR in PBMC from cystic fibrosis patients.
Cystic Fibrosis
Evidence for alteration of calpain/calpastatin system in PBMC of cystic fibrosis patients.
Deafness
Biallelic variants in the small optic lobe calpain CAPN15 are associated with congenital eye anomalies, deafness and other neurodevelopmental deficits.
Death, Sudden, Cardiac
Calpain expression in the brain cortex after traumatic brain injury.
Death, Sudden, Cardiac
The Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene (hERG) Potassium Channel Represents an Unusual Target for Protease-mediated Damage.
Deficiency Diseases
Expanding members and roles of the calpain superfamily and their genetically modified animals.
Dehydration
Changes in calpain and calpastatin activities of osmotically dehydrated bovine muscle during storage after treatment with calcium.
Demyelinating Diseases
A putative mechanism of demyelination in multiple sclerosis by a proteolytic enzyme, calpain.
Demyelinating Diseases
A putative role for calpain in demyelination associated with optic neuritis.
Demyelinating Diseases
Activation of calpain and caspase pathways in demyelination and neurodegeneration in animal model of multiple sclerosis.
Demyelinating Diseases
Calpain expression and infiltration of activated T cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis over time: increased calpain activity begins with onset of disease.
Demyelinating Diseases
Calpain expression in lymphoid cells. Increased mRNA and protein levels after cell activation.
Demyelinating Diseases
Cannabinoid treatment renders neurons less vulnerable than oligodendrocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Demyelinating Diseases
Coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering imaging of myelin degradation reveals a calcium-dependent pathway in lyso-PtdCho-induced demyelination.
Demyelinating Diseases
Increased calpain expression in activated glial and inflammatory cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
Demyelinating Diseases
Mechanism of myelin breakdown in experimental demyelination: a putative role for calpain.
Demyelinating Diseases
Prevention of axonal injury using calpain inhibitor in chronic progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Demyelinating Diseases
Putative role of calpain in the pathophysiology of experimental optic neuritis.
Demyelinating Diseases
Upregulation of calpain activity and expression in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: a putative role for calpain in demyelination.
Diabetes Complications
Advanced glycation end-products induce calpain-mediated degradation of ezrin.
Diabetes Complications
Down-regulation of brain-pancreas relative protein in diabetic rats and by high glucose in PC12 cells: prevention by calpain inhibitors.
Diabetes Complications
Role of the calpain on the development of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications.
Diabetes Mellitus
Calpain-10 regulates actin dynamics by proteolysis of microtubule-associated protein 1B.
Diabetes Mellitus
Characterization and expression of calpain 10. A novel ubiquitous calpain with nuclear localization.
Diabetes Mellitus
Dicer cleavage by calpain determines platelet microRNA levels and function in diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus
Role of the calpain on the development of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Mitochondrial Calpain-1 Disrupts ATP Synthase and Induces Superoxide Generation in Type 1 Diabetic Hearts: A Novel Mechanism Contributing to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Targeted inhibition of calpain reduces myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in mouse models of type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A 48-hour exposure of pancreatic islets to calpain inhibitors impairs mitochondrial fuel metabolism and the exocytosis of insulin.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Calpain facilitates GLUT4 vesicle translocation during insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Calpain inhibition and insulin action in cultured human muscle cells.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Calpain inhibition impairs glycogen syntheses in HepG2 hepatoma cells without altering insulin signaling.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Calpain inhibition stabilizes the platelet proteome and reactivity in diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Calpain-10 regulates actin dynamics by proteolysis of microtubule-associated protein 1B.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Changes in membrane microenvironment and signal transduction in platelets from NIDDM patients-a pilot study.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Effects of Naringin on Cardiomyocytes From a Rodent Model of Type 2 Diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Genetic and molecular analyses of complex metabolic disorders: genetic linkage.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Linkage of calpain 10 to type 2 diabetes: the biological rationale.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
New evidence for the role of calpain 10 in autosomal recessive intellectual disability: identification of two novel nonsense variants by exome sequencing in Iranian families.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Selective deletion of endothelial cell calpain in mice reduces diabetic cardiomyopathy by improving angiogenesis.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
The calcium-dependent protease calpain causes endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
The role of calpain in diabetes-associated platelet hyperactivation.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
[Calpain and pathology in view of structure-function relationships]
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
Calpain activation contributes to hyperglycaemia-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
Mitochondrial Calpain-1 Disrupts ATP Synthase and Induces Superoxide Generation in Type 1 Diabetic Hearts: A Novel Mechanism Contributing to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
Role of the calpain on the development of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications.
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
Selective deletion of endothelial cell calpain in mice reduces diabetic cardiomyopathy by improving angiogenesis.
Diabetic Nephropathies
Local Delivery of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers into the Kidney Passively Attenuates Inflammatory Reactions during the Early Phases of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy through Inhibition of Calpain Activity.
Diabetic Nephropathies
Role of the calpain on the development of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications.
Diabetic Neuropathies
Calpain inhibitor, MDL 28170 confer electrophysiological, nociceptive and biochemical improvement in diabetic neuropathy.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Calpain and Caspase-12 Expression in Lens Epithelial Cells of Diabetic Cataracts.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Calpain, not caspase, is the causative protease for hypoxic damage in cultured monkey retinal cells.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Metabolic stress response implicated in diabetic retinopathy: The role of calpain, and the therapeutic impact of calpain inhibitor.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Photoreceptor Cell Calcium Dysregulation and Calpain Activation Promote Pathogenic Photoreceptor Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Prodromal Diabetic Retinopathy.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Role of the calpain on the development of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications.
DiGeorge Syndrome
Stress Induces p38 MAPK-Mediated Phosphorylation and Inhibition of Drosha-Dependent Cell Survival.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Calpastatin Controls Polymicrobial Sepsis by Limiting Procoagulant Microparticle Release.
Down Syndrome
Alzheimer Abeta peptide induces chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy, including trisomy 21: requirement for tau and APP.
Dysentery, Bacillary
Calpain activation by the Shigella flexneri effector VirA regulates key steps in the formation and life of the bacterium's epithelial niche.
Dyslipidemias
Grape seed and skin extract as an adjunct to xenical therapy reduces obesity, brain lipotoxicity and oxidative stress in high fat diet fed rats.
Embolism
3-[2-[4-(3-Chloro-2-methylphenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-1-(4-imidazolylmethyl)-1H-indazole dihydro-chloride 3.5 hydrate (DY-9760e) is neuroprotective in rat microsphere embolism: role of the cross-talk between calpain and caspase-3 through calpastatin.
Embolism
The genesis and unique properties of the lymphovascular tumor embolus are because of calpain-regulated proteolysis of E-cadherin.
Encephalitis
E2F1 induces cell death, calpain activation, and MDMX degradation in a transcription independent manner implicating a novel role for E2F1 in neuronal loss in SIV encephalitis.
Encephalitis, Viral
Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis.
Encephalomyelitis
A novel calpain inhibitor for the treatment of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis
Calpain Inhibition Reduces Structural and Functional Impairment of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Experimental Optic Neuritis.
Encephalomyelitis
Effects of a novel orally administered calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 on immunomodulation and neurodegeneration in a murine model of multiple sclerosis.
Encephalomyelitis
Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis.
Encephalomyelitis
Prevention of axonal injury using calpain inhibitor in chronic progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis
The Involvement of Calpain in CD4(+) T Helper Cell Bias in Multple Sclerosis.
Encephalomyelitis
The Role of Calpain and Proteasomes in the Degradation of Carbonylated Neuronal Cytoskeletal Proteins in Acute Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis
Upregulation of calpain correlates with increased neurodegeneration in acute experimental auto-immune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
A novel calpain inhibitor for the treatment of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Calpain activity and expression are increased in splenic inflammatory cells associated with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Calpain Activity in Spinal Cord Cells from Rats with Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis of Different Grades.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Calpain expression and infiltration of activated T cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis over time: increased calpain activity begins with onset of disease.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Calpain inhibition attenuated morphological and molecular changes in skeletal muscle of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis rats.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Calpain Inhibition Reduces Structural and Functional Impairment of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Experimental Optic Neuritis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Effects of a novel orally administered calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 on immunomodulation and neurodegeneration in a murine model of multiple sclerosis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Effects of beta 2 adrenergic agonists on axonal injury and mitochondrial metabolism in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis rats.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Increased calpain expression in activated glial and inflammatory cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Increased calpain expression in experimental demyelinating optic neuritis: an immunocytochemical study.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Pathophysiological role of calpain in experimental demyelination.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Prevention of axonal injury using calpain inhibitor in chronic progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Putative role of calpain in the pathophysiology of experimental optic neuritis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
The Involvement of Calpain in CD4(+) T Helper Cell Bias in Multple Sclerosis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
The Role of Calpain and Proteasomes in the Degradation of Carbonylated Neuronal Cytoskeletal Proteins in Acute Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Upregulation of calpain activity and expression in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: a putative role for calpain in demyelination.
Endotoxemia
Calpain inhibition attenuates iNOS production and midzonal hepatic necrosis in a repeat dose model of endotoxemia in rats.
Endotoxemia
Deletion of capn4 Protects the Heart Against Endotoxemic Injury by Preventing ATP Synthase Disruption and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Superoxide Generation.
Endotoxemia
Protective role of endothelial calpain knockout in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury via attenuation of the p38-iNOS pathway and NO/ROS production.
Endotoxemia
Suppression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1? by Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Mitigates Ventilation-Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction in a Murine Endotoxemia Model.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Eosinophilic esophagitis-linked calpain 14 is an IL-13-induced protease that mediates esophageal epithelial barrier impairment.
Epilepsy
A calpain inhibitor ameliorates seizure burden in an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Epilepsy
Calpain activation is involved in early caspase-independent neurodegeneration in the hippocampus following status epilepticus.
Epilepsy
Calpain-2 activation in mouse hippocampus plays a critical role in seizure-induced neuropathology.
Epilepsy
Targeted deletion of betaIII spectrin impairs synaptogenesis and generates ataxic and seizure phenotypes.
Epilepsy
The pathogenic activation of calpain: a marker and mediator of cellular toxicity and disease states.
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
A calpain inhibitor ameliorates seizure burden in an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
Calpain activation is involved in early caspase-independent neurodegeneration in the hippocampus following status epilepticus.
Erectile Dysfunction
Calpain inhibition improves erectile function in diabetic mice via upregulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and reducing apoptosis.
Essential Hypertension
Comparative action of calpain on erythrocyte Ca2(+)-pumping ATPase in sickle cell anaemia, essential hypertension and kwashiorkor.
Essential Hypertension
Erythrocyte calpain activity and left ventricular mass in essential hypertension.
Essential Hypertension
Erythrocyte deficiency in calpain inhibitor activity in essential hypertension.
Essential Hypertension
The calpastatin defect in hypertension is possibly due to a specific degradation by calpain.
Essential Tremor
Calpain activity in plasma of patients with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.
Eye Diseases
Calpain-5 mutations cause autoimmune uveitis, retinal neovascularization, and photoreceptor degeneration.
Favism
Oxidative inactivation of the calcium-stimulated neutral proteinase from human red blood cells by divicine and intracellular protection by reduced glutathione.
Fetal Growth Retardation
The investigation of calpain in human placenta with fetal growth restriction.
Fibrosarcoma
Blocking the Cleavage of Filamin A by Calpain Inhibitor Decreases Tumor Cell Growth.
Fibrosarcoma
Calpeptin suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced death and accumulation of p53 in L929 mouse sarcoma cells.
Foodborne Diseases
RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL Contribute to Cell Death Caused by Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin.
Glaucoma
Calpain-specific proteolysis in primate retina: Contribution of calpains in cell death.
Glaucoma
Presence of calpain-induced proteolysis in retinal degeneration and dysfunction in a rat model of acute ocular hypertension.
Glaucoma
Proteolysis of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins by calpain contributes to rat retinal cell death induced by hypoxia.
Glioblastoma
Bcl-2 siRNA augments taxol mediated apoptotic death in human glioblastoma U138MG and U251MG cells.
Glioblastoma
Calpain 2 is required for glioblastoma cell invasion: regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 2.
Glioblastoma
Calpain suppresses cell growth and invasion of glioblastoma multiforme by producing the cleavage of filamin A.
Glioblastoma
Calpastatin phosphorylation regulates radiation-induced calpain activity in glioblastoma.
Glioblastoma
Curcumin Suppressed Anti-apoptotic Signals and Activated Cysteine Proteases for Apoptosis in Human Malignant Glioblastoma U87MG Cells.
Glioblastoma
Dehydroeburicoic Acid Induces Calcium- and Calpain-Dependent Necrosis in Human U87MG Glioblastomas.
Glioblastoma
Molecular evidence of apoptotic death in malignant brain tumors including glioblastoma multiforme: upregulation of calpain and caspase-3.
Glioblastoma
N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) retinamide potentiated paclitaxel for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in glioblastoma C6 and RG2 cells.
Glioblastoma
Phosphoinositide binding to the substrate regulates susceptibility to proteolysis by calpain.
Glioblastoma
Sialidase NEU3 defines invasive potential of human glioblastoma cells by regulating calpain-mediated proteolysis of focal adhesion proteins.
Glioma
A protease storm cleaves a cell-cell adhesion molecule in cancer: multiple proteases converge to regulate PTPmu in glioma cells.
Glioma
Crocus sativus L. Causes a Non Apoptotic Calpain Dependent Death in C6 Rat Glioma Cells, Exhibiting a Synergistic Effect with Temozolomide.
Glioma
Inhibition of drug-induced DNA fragmentation, but not cell death, of glioma cells by non-caspase protease inhibitors.
Glioma
Silibinin induces apoptosis via calpain-dependent AIF nuclear translocation in U87MG human glioma cell death.
Glomerulonephritis
Calpain activation and secretion promote glomerular injury in experimental glomerulonephritis: evidence from calpastatin-transgenic mice.
Head Injuries, Closed
Citicoline Protects Brain Against Closed Head Injury in Rats Through Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Calpain Over-Activation.
Head Injuries, Closed
PrP(C) expression and calpain activity independently mediate the effects of closed head injury in mice.
Hearing Loss
A novel de novo CAPN5 mutation in a patient with inflammatory vitreoretinopathy, hearing loss, and developmental delay.
Hearing Loss
Calpain inhibitor alleviates permanent hearing loss induced by intense noise by preventing disruption of gap junction-mediated intercellular communication in the cochlear spiral ligament.
Hearing Loss
Cisplatin induces calcium ion accumulation and hearing loss by causing functional alterations in calcium channels and exocytosis.
Hearing Loss
Noise, Calpain, Calpain Inhibitors, and Neuroprotection: A Preliminary Report of Tinnitus Control.
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced
Calpain inhibitor alleviates permanent hearing loss induced by intense noise by preventing disruption of gap junction-mediated intercellular communication in the cochlear spiral ligament.
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced
Calpain inhibitors as therapeutic agents in nerve and muscle degeneration.
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced
Noise, Calpain, Calpain Inhibitors, and Neuroprotection: A Preliminary Report of Tinnitus Control.
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
Calpain inhibitor alleviates permanent hearing loss induced by intense noise by preventing disruption of gap junction-mediated intercellular communication in the cochlear spiral ligament.
Heart Arrest
Cardioprotective effects of a novel calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 for reperfusion injury after cardioplegic cardiac arrest.
Heart Arrest
Changes of cytoskeletal proteins in ischaemic brain under cardiac arrest and reperfusion conditions.
Heart Diseases
Calpain activation contributes to hyperglycaemia-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
Heart Diseases
Calpain-calcineurin signaling in the pathogenesis of calcium-dependent disorder.
Heart Diseases
Calpain-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage: An Emerging Mechanism Contributing to Cardiac Disease.
Heart Diseases
Dantrolene improves in vitro structural changes induced by serum from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice.
Heart Diseases
Expression and effect of Calpain9 gene genetic polymorphism on slaughter indicators and intramuscular fat content in chickens.
Heart Failure
A novel scheme of dystrophin disruption for the progression of advanced heart failure.
Heart Failure
Ankyrin-B Protein in Heart Failure: IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW COMPONENT OF METAZOAN CARDIOPROTECTION.
Heart Failure
Calpain inhibition preserves talin and attenuates right heart failure in acute pulmonary hypertension.
Heart Failure
Calpain inhibition reduces amplitude and accelerates decay of the late sodium current in ventricular myocytes from dogs with chronic heart failure.
Heart Failure
Calpain-2 Specifically Cleaves Junctophilin-2 at the Same Site as Calpain-1 but with Less Efficacy.
Heart Failure
Crosstalk between endothelial cell-specific calpain inhibition and the endothelial-mesenchymal transition via the HSP90/Akt signaling pathway.
Heart Failure
Delayed, oral pharmacological inhibition of calpains attenuates adverse post-infarction remodelling.
Heart Failure
E-C coupling structural protein junctophilin-2 encodes a stress-adaptive transcription regulator.
Heart Failure
Effects of ACE inhibitor and AT1 blocker on dystrophin-related proteins and calpain in failing heart.
Heart Failure
Increased expression of calpain and elevated activity of calcineurin in the myocardium of patients with congestive heart failure.
Heart Failure
Inhibition of dystrophin breakdown and endothelial nitric-oxide synthase uncoupling accounts for cytoprotection by 3-[2-[4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-1-(4-imidazolylmethyl)-1H-indazole dihydrochloride 3.5 hydrate (DY-9760e) in left ventricular hypertrophied Mice.
Heart Failure
Molecular basis of calpain cleavage and inactivation of the sodium-calcium exchanger 1 in heart failure.
Heart Failure
Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Role of Calpain: Implications for the Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation.
Heart Failure
Possible involvement of calpain activation in pathogenesis of chronic heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.
Heart Failure
Targeted inhibition of calpain in mitochondria alleviates oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury.
Heart Failure
Targeting Calpain for Heart Failure Therapy: Implications From Multiple Murine Models.
Heart Failure
Unraveling the Mechanisms by Which Calpain Inhibition Prevents Heart Failure Development.
Heart Failure
[Calpain involved in signal transduction of myocardial remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure]
Hemorrhagic Stroke
A neuroproteomic and systems biology analysis of rat brain post intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke.
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Concurrent assessment of calpain and caspase3 activities in brains of mice with acetaminophen-induced acute hepatic encephalopathy.
Hepatitis
Calpain inhibition attenuates iNOS production and midzonal hepatic necrosis in a repeat dose model of endotoxemia in rats.
Hepatitis C
Calcium-dependent calpain proteases are implicated in processing of the hepatitis C virus NS5A protein.
Hepatitis C
Calpain activation by hepatitis C virus proteins inhibits the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C virus NS5A and subgenomic replicon activate NF-kappaB via tyrosine phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and its degradation by calpain protease.
Hepatitis C
Withdrawal: Hepatitis C virus NS5A and subgenomic replicon activate NF- ? B via tyrosine phosphorylation of I ? B ? and its degradation by calpain protease.
Hepatoblastoma
Calpain induces N-terminal truncation of ?-catenin in normal murine liver development: diagnostic implications in hepatoblastomas.
Hernia, Umbilical
Genome-wide association study identifies variants in the CAPN9 gene associated with umbilical hernia in pigs.
High Pressure Neurological Syndrome
Protective effect of S-allyl-L-cysteine against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neuronal death is mediated by inhibition of calpain.
HIV Infections
Inhibition of activation-induced programmed cell death and restoration of defective immune responses of HIV+ donors by cysteine protease inhibitors.
Huntington Disease
Alterations in STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase expression, activation, and downstream signaling in early and late stages of the YAC128 Huntington's disease mouse model.
Huntington Disease
Calpain and STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP) activation contribute to extrasynaptic NMDA receptor localization in a Huntington's disease mouse model.
Huntington Disease
Calpain inhibition mediates autophagy-dependent protection against polyglutamine toxicity.
Huntington Disease
Calpain is a major cell death effector in selective striatal degeneration induced in vivo by 3-nitropropionate: implications for Huntington's disease.
Huntington Disease
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Huntington Disease
Calpastatin ablation aggravates the molecular phenotype in cell and animal models of Huntington disease.
Huntington Disease
Memantine reduces striatal cell death with decreasing calpain level in 3-nitropropionic model of Huntington's disease.
Huntington Disease
Olesoxime suppresses calpain activation and mutant huntingtin fragmentation in the BACHD rat.
Huntington Disease
Perturbation with intrabodies reveals that calpain cleavage is required for degradation of huntingtin exon 1.
Huntington Disease
Polyglutamine-modulated striatal calpain activity in YAC transgenic huntington disease mouse model: impact on NMDA receptor function and toxicity.
Hyperalgesia
Activation and expression of ?-calpain in dorsal root contributes to RTX-induced mechanical allodynia.
Hyperalgesia
Calpain-2 contributes to neuropathic pain following motor nerve injury via up-regulating interleukin-6 in DRG neurons.
Hyperalgesia
Calpain-mediated down-regulation of myelin-associated glycoprotein in lysophosphatidic acid-induced neuropathic pain.
Hyperalgesia
Intracellular versus extracellular inhibition of calpain I causes differential effects on pain in a rat model of joint inflammation.
Hyperalgesia
Neurotropin(®) inhibits calpain activity upregulated by specific alternation of rhythm in temperature in the mesencephalon of rats.
Hyperalgesia
The calpain inhibitor MDL 28170 prevents inflammation-induced neurofilament light chain breakdown in the spinal cord and reduces thermal hyperalgesia.
Hypercalcemia
The gene expression and activity of calpains and the muscle wasting-associated ubiquitin ligases, atrogin-1 and MuRF1, are not altered in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.
Hypercholesterolemia
Calpain inhibition improves collateral-dependent perfusion in a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
Hypercholesterolemia
Calpain-1 Mediated Disorder of Pyrophosphate Metabolism Contributes to Vascular Calcification Induced by oxLDL.
Hyperglycemia
Calpain Inhibition Restores Autophagy and Prevents Mitochondrial Fragmentation in a Human iPSC Model of Diabetic Endotheliopathy.
Hyperglycemia
Metabolic stress response implicated in diabetic retinopathy: The role of calpain, and the therapeutic impact of calpain inhibitor.
Hyperglycemia
Protein kinase C upregulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in hyperglycemia via activation of endothelial expressed calpain.
Hyperhomocysteinemia
Effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on the protein kinase DYRK1A in liver of mice.
Hyperlipidemias
Grape seed and skin extract protects against arsenic trioxide induced oxidative stress in rat heart.
Hypersensitivity
Cross-Linking Cellular Prion Protein Induces Neuronal Type 2-Like Hypersensitivity.
Hypertension
A genetic deficiency in calpastatin and isovalerylcarnitine treatment is associated with enhanced hippocampal long-term potentiation.
Hypertension
Activation of Calpain-2 by Mediators in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Hypertension
Amelioration of retinal degeneration and proteolysis in acute ocular hypertensive rats by calpain inhibitor ((1S)-1-((((1S)-1-benzyl-3-cyclopropylamino-2,3-di-oxopropyl)amino)carbonyl)-3-methylbutyl)carbamic acid 5-methoxy-3-oxapentyl ester.
Hypertension
Calpain is activated in experimental uremia: is calpain a mediator of uremia-induced myocardial injury?
Hypertension
Calpain mediates pulmonary vascular remodeling in rodent models of pulmonary hypertension, and its inhibition attenuates pathologic features of disease.
Hypertension
Calpain-calcineurin signaling in the pathogenesis of calcium-dependent disorder.
Hypertension
Calpains (intracellular calcium-activated cysteine proteinases): structure-activity relationships and involvement in normal and abnormal cellular metabolism.
Hypertension
Calpastatin prevents Angiotensin II-mediated podocyte injury through maintenance of autophagy.
Hypertension
Erythrocyte calpain activity and left ventricular mass in essential hypertension.
Hypertension
Expression and effect of Calpain9 gene genetic polymorphism on slaughter indicators and intramuscular fat content in chickens.
Hypertension
Screening the proteins that interact with calpain in a human heart cDNA library using a yeast two-hybrid system.
Hypertension
The calpastatin defect in hypertension is possibly due to a specific degradation by calpain.
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Activation of Calpain-2 by Mediators in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Calpain inhibition decreases endothelin-1 levels and pulmonary hypertension after cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Calpain inhibition preserves talin and attenuates right heart failure in acute pulmonary hypertension.
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Calpain mediates pulmonary vascular remodeling in rodent models of pulmonary hypertension, and its inhibition attenuates pathologic features of disease.
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Calpain-2 activates Akt via TGF-?1-mTORC2 pathway in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Calpain Activation Contributes to Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Hypertension, Pulmonary
[Calpain mediated pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension].
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
Calpain activity of hypertrophic hearts from hypertensive rats.
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
Erythrocyte calpain activity and left ventricular mass in essential hypertension.
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular
Calpain mediates pulmonary vascular remodeling in rodent models of pulmonary hypertension, and its inhibition attenuates pathologic features of disease.
Hypoglycemia
Cyclosporin A prevents calpain activation despite increased intracellular calcium concentrations, as well as translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor, cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation in neurons exposed to transient hypoglycemia.
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain
Calpastatin is up-regulated in response to hypoxia and is a suicide substrate to calpain after neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia.
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain
Synergistic activation of caspase-3 by m-calpain after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia: a mechanism of "pathological apoptosis"?
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pleural mesothelial cell migration into lung parenchyma by calpain contributes to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Accumulation of calpain and caspase-3 proteolytic fragments of brain-derived alphaII-spectrin in cerebral spinal fluid after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Beneficial effects of antecedent exercise training on limb motor function and calpain expression in a rat model of stroke.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Calpain-mediated cleavage of Fbxw7 during excitotoxicity.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Cleavage of the Vesicular GABA Transporter under Excitotoxic Conditions Is Followed by Accumulation of the Truncated Transporter in Nonsynaptic Sites.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Delayed moderate hypothermia reduces calpain activity and breakdown of its substrate in experimental focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Generation of constitutively active calcineurin by calpain contributes to delayed neuronal death following mouse brain ischemia.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Neuroprotective Effect of Resveratrol on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through TRPC6/CREB Pathways.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Time-related neuronal changes following middle cerebral artery occlusion: implications for therapeutic intervention and the role of calpain.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Zinc induces CDK5 activation and neuronal death through CDK5-Tyr15 phosphorylation in ischemic stroke.
Infections
Activation of calpains, calpastatin and spectrin cleavage in the brain during the pathology of fatal murine cerebral malaria.
Infections
Artemisinins target the intermediate filament protein vimentin for human cytomegalovirus inhibition.
Infections
Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 Modulates Infection Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction.
Infections
Calpain mediates epithelial cell microvillar effacement by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.
Infections
Calpain regulates CVB3 induced viral myocarditis by promoting autophagic flux upon infection.
Infections
Cloning and molecular characterization of calpain, a calcium-activated neutral proteinase, from different strains of Schistosoma japonicum.
Infections
Coxsackievirus B3-induced calpain activation facilitates the progeny virus replication via a likely mechanism related with both autophagy enhancement and apoptosis inhibition in the early phase of infection: an in vitro study in H9c2 cells.
Infections
Cross-species prophylactic efficacy of Sm-p80-based vaccine and intracellular localization of Sm-p80/Sm-p80 ortholog proteins during development in Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, and Schistosoma haematobium.
Infections
Degradation of p21cip1 in cells productively infected with human cytomegalovirus.
Infections
Effects of the calpain inhibitor MDL28170 on the clinically relevant forms of Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro.
Infections
Enhancement of Sm-p80 (large subunit of calpain) induced protective immunity against Schistosoma mansoni through co-delivery of interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 in a DNA vaccine formulation.
Infections
Identifying and testing candidate genetic polymorphisms in the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): association with TNFSF15 and TNF?
Infections
Improvement of deficient natural killer activity and delayed bactericidal activity by a thiol proteinase inhibitor, E-64-d, in leukocytes from Chediak-Higashi syndrome patients in vitro.
Infections
Inhibition of Calpain Alleviates Apoptosis in Coxsackievirus B3-induced Acute Virus Myocarditis Through Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.
Infections
Inhibition of calpain reduces cell apoptosis by suppressing mitochondrial fission in acute viral myocarditis.
Infections
Innate immunogenicity and in vitro protective potential of Schistosoma mansoni lung schistosomula excretory--secretory candidate vaccine antigens.
Infections
Internal deletions of IE2 86 and loss of the late IE2 60 and IE2 40 proteins encoded by human cytomegalovirus affect the levels of UL84 protein but not the amount of UL84 mRNA or the loading and distribution of the mRNA on polysomes.
Infections
Listeriolysin O-dependent bacterial entry into the cytoplasm is required for calpain activation and interleukin-1 alpha secretion in macrophages infected with Listeria monocytogenes.
Infections
Mycobacterium kansasii-induced death of murine macrophages involves endoplasmic reticulum stress responses mediated by reactive oxygen species generation or calpain activation.
Infections
Protection against Schistosoma mansoni infection with a recombinant baculovirus-expressed subunit of calpain.
Infections
Reexpression of the tumor suppressor gene ARHI induces apoptosis in ovarian and breast cancer cells through a caspase-independent calpain-dependent pathway.
Infections
Schistosoma egg-induced liver pathology resolution by Sm-p80-based schistosomiasis vaccine in baboons.
Infections
Streptolysin S contributes to group A streptococcal translocation across an epithelial barrier.
Infections
The bacterial effectors EspG and EspG2 induce a destructive calpain activity that is kept in check by the co-delivered Tir effector.
Infections
The role of calpain and calpastatin in the catabolism of erythrocyte-membrane proteins during anaemia in hamsters (Mesocricetus auretus) infected with Leishmania donovani.
Infections
The Shigella type III effector IpgD recodes Ca(2+) signals during invasion of epithelial cells.
Infections
The toxicity of antiprion antibodies is mediated by the flexible tail of the prion protein.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Calpain inhibitor I reduces colon injury caused by dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid in the rat.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Calpastatin Prevents NF-?B-Mediated Hyperactivation of Macrophages and Attenuates Colitis.
Insulinoma
Effect of PK11195, a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor agonist, on insulinoma cell death and insulin secretion.
Intermittent Claudication
A randomised controlled trial of supervised exercise regimens and their impact on walking performance, skeletal muscle mass and calpain activity in patients with intermittent claudication.
Intracranial Hypertension
Left ventricular dysfunction after acute intracranial hypertension is associated with increased hydroxyl free radical production, cardiac ryanodine hyperphosphorylation, and troponin I degradation.
Ischemic Attack, Transient
Aminoguanidine inhibits caspase-3 and calpain activation without affecting microglial activation following neonatal transient cerebral ischemia.
Ischemic Attack, Transient
Decrease of PKC precedes other cellular signs of calpain activation in area CA1 of the hippocampus after transient cerebral ischemia.
Ischemic Attack, Transient
Nilvadipine attenuates ischemic degradation of gerbil brain cytoskeletal proteins.
Ischemic Stroke
Epimerization study of the L,L- and L,D-diastereoisomers of the calpain inhibitor MDL 28170 by capillary electrophoresis.
Ischemic Stroke
Memantine attenuates cell apoptosis by suppressing the calpain-caspase-3 pathway in an experimental model of ischemic stroke.
Keloid
Keloid fibroblast responsiveness to epidermal growth factor and activation of downstream intracellular signaling pathways.
Kidney Diseases
Expression and effect of Calpain9 gene genetic polymorphism on slaughter indicators and intramuscular fat content in chickens.
Kidney Neoplasms
Effect of Target Therapy on the Content of Transcription and Growth Factors, Protein Kinase TOR, and Activity of Intracellular Proteases in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Kwashiorkor
Comparative action of calpain on erythrocyte Ca2(+)-pumping ATPase in sickle cell anaemia, essential hypertension and kwashiorkor.
Leishmaniasis
Susceptibility of promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes from distinct Leishmania species to the calpain inhibitor MDL28170.
Leishmaniasis
Why calpain inhibitors are interesting leading compounds to search for new therapeutic options to treat leishmaniasis?
Leukemia
Association of mitochondrial calpain activation with increased expression and autolysis of calpain small subunit in an early stage of apoptosis.
Leukemia
Bcr-abl regulates Stat5 through Shp2, the interferon consensus sequence binding protein (Icsbp/Irf8), growth arrest specific 2 (Gas2) and calpain.
Leukemia
Calpain-mediated X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis degradation in neutrophil apoptosis and its impairment in chronic neutrophilic leukemia.
Leukemia
Protease inhibitor-induced apoptosis: accumulation of wt p53, p21WAF1/CIP1, and induction of apoptosis are independent markers of proteasome inhibition.
Leukemia
Vitamin D analogs, 20-Epi-22-oxa-24a,26a,27a,-trihomo-1alpha,25(OH)2-vitamin D3, 1,24(OH)2-22-ene-24-cyclopropyl-vitamin D3 and 1alpha,25(OH)2-lumisterol3 prime NB4 leukemia cells for monocytic differentiation via nongenomic signaling pathways, involving calcium and calpain.
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute
Modulation of the intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent proteolytic system is critically correlated with the kinetics of differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells.
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute
Murine erythroleukemia cell differentiation: possible involvement of a calcium dependent neutral proteinase.
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
Ex vivo measurement of calpain activation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by detection of immunoreactive products of calpastatin degradation.
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
Decreased calpain activity in chronic myeloid leukemia impairs apoptosis by increasing survivin in myeloid progenitors and xiap1 in differentiating granulocytes.
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
A calcium- and calpain-dependent pathway determines the response to lenalidomide in myelodysplastic syndromes.
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Elevated calpain activity in acute myelogenous leukemia correlates with decreased calpastatin expression.
Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic
Calpain-mediated X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis degradation in neutrophil apoptosis and its impairment in chronic neutrophilic leukemia.
Lissencephaly
Expanding members and roles of the calpain superfamily and their genetically modified animals.
Lissencephaly
Inhibition of calpain increases LIS1 expression and partially rescues in vivo phenotypes in a mouse model of lissencephaly.
Lissencephaly
Post-natal treatment by a blood-brain-barrier permeable calpain inhibitor, SNJ1945 rescued defective function in lissencephaly.
Liver Cirrhosis
Calpain 9 as a therapeutic target in TGF?-induced mesenchymal transition and fibrosis.
Liver Failure, Acute
Protective effect of MDL28170 against thioacetamide-induced acute liver failure in mice.
Lung Diseases
Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD.
Lung Diseases, Interstitial
Increased serum calpain activity is associated with HMGB1 levels in systemic sclerosis.
Lung Neoplasms
Calpain 1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is associated with poor prognosis in lepidic predominant pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
Lung Neoplasms
Capsaicin induces apoptosis in human small cell lung cancer via the TRPV6 receptor and the calpain pathway.
Lung Neoplasms
Capsaicin synergizes with camptothecin to induce increased apoptosis in human small cell lung cancers via the calpain pathway.
Lung Neoplasms
MET receptor variant R970C favors calpain-dependent generation of a fragment promoting epithelial cell scattering.
Lung Neoplasms
Noninvasive Early Detection of Calpain 2-Enriched Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using a Human Serum Albumin-Bounded Calpain 2 Nanosensor.
Lung Neoplasms
Protein Kinase C{iota} Promotes Nicotine-induced Migration and Invasion of Cancer Cells via Phosphorylation of {micro}- and m-Calpains.
Lung Neoplasms
Suppression of cancer cell migration and invasion by protein phosphatase 2A through dephosphorylation of mu- and m-calpains.
Lung Neoplasms
Tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone induces phosphorylation of mu- and m-calpain in association with increased secretion, cell migration, and invasion.
Lymphocytosis
Excessive amount and activity of ?-calpain affects apoptotic machinery in chronic B-cell leukemia cells and influences the course of the disease.
Lymphoma
Induction of apoptosis in E?-myc lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo through calpain inhibition.
Lymphoma, B-Cell
Induction of apoptosis in E?-myc lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo through calpain inhibition.
Lymphoma, B-Cell
Oral treatment with herbal formula B307 alleviates cardiac failure in aging R6/2 mice with Huntington's disease via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Lymphoma, B-Cell
Oral treatment with the herbal formula B307 alleviates cardiac toxicity in doxorubicin-treated mice via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Lymphoma, B-Cell
Oral treatment with the herbal formula B401 protects against aging-dependent neurodegeneration by attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brain of R6/2 mice.
Lymphoma, B-Cell
Protease inhibitors restore radiation-induced apoptosis to Bcl-2-expressing lymphoma cells.
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
Calpain inhibitor II induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells as well as some solid tumor cells.
Machado-Joseph Disease
A combinatorial approach to identify calpain cleavage sites in the Machado-Joseph disease protein ataxin-3.
Machado-Joseph Disease
Calpain Inhibition Is Protective in Machado-Joseph Disease Zebrafish Due to Induction of Autophagy.
Machado-Joseph Disease
Calpain inhibition reduces ataxin-3 cleavage alleviating neuropathology and motor impairments in mouse models of Machado-Joseph disease.
Machado-Joseph Disease
Calpastatin-mediated inhibition of calpains in the mouse brain prevents mutant ataxin 3 proteolysis, nuclear localization and aggregation, relieving Machado-Joseph disease.
Machado-Joseph Disease
N-terminal ataxin-3 causes neurological symptoms with inclusions, endoplasmic reticulum stress and ribosomal dislocation.
Machado-Joseph Disease
Variants in Genes of Calpain System as Modifiers of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Phenotype.
Macular Degeneration
Calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 attenuates events prior to angiogenesis in cultured human retinal endothelial cells.
Malaria, Cerebral
Activation of calpains, calpastatin and spectrin cleavage in the brain during the pathology of fatal murine cerebral malaria.
Malaria, Cerebral
Systemic and Cerebral Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels Increase in Murine Cerebral Malaria along with Increased Calpain and Caspase Activity and Can be Reduced by Erythropoietin Treatment.
Melanoma
Blocking the Cleavage of Filamin A by Calpain Inhibitor Decreases Tumor Cell Growth.
Melanoma
Calpain-dependent clearance of the autophagy protein p62/SQSTM1 is a contributor to ?PK oncolytic activity in melanoma.
Melanoma
Calpain-mediated Bid cleavage and calpain-independent Bak modulation: two separate pathways in cisplatin-induced apoptosis.
Melanoma
CAPN1 is a novel binding partner and regulator of the tumor suppressor NF1 in melanoma.
Melanoma
Combined effect of proteasome and calpain inhibition on cisplatin-resistant human melanoma cells.
Melanoma
Cross-talk between calpain and caspase-3/-7 in cisplatin-induced apoptosis of melanoma cells: a major role of calpain inhibition in cell death protection and p53 status.
Melanoma
Differential biological effects of 1,25-dihydroxyVitamin D3 on melanoma cell lines in vitro.
Melanoma
Human lung cancer-derived immunosuppressive plasmacytoid dendritic cells release IL-1? in an AIM2 inflammasome-dependent manner.
Melanoma
Loss Of Klotho During Melanoma Progression Leads To Increased Filamin Cleavage, Increased Wnt5A Expression and Enhanced Melanoma Cell Motility.
Melanoma
Preventing Calpain Externalization by Reducing ABCA1 Activity with Probenecid Limits Melanoma Angiogenesis and Development.
Melanoma
The calpain/calpastatin system has opposing roles in growth and metastatic dissemination of melanoma.
Melanoma
The HSV-2 mutant DeltaPK induces melanoma oncolysis through nonredundant death programs and associated with autophagy and pyroptosis proteins.
Melanoma
Vitamin D-induced apoptosis and melanoma: does calpain represent the major execution protease rather than caspases?
Melanoma, Experimental
Involvement of calpain in melanogenesis of mouse B16 melanoma cells.
Memory Disorders
Inhibition of calpains improves memory and synaptic transmission in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
Memory Disorders
The Alzheimer's plaques, tangles and memory deficits may have a common origin. Part IV: can calpain act as alpha-secretase?
Memory Disorders
The involvement of Cdk5 Activator p35 in social isolation-triggered onset of early alzheimer's disease-related cognitive deficit in the transgenic mice.
Meningioma
Calpain-dependent proteolysis of merlin occurs by oxidative stress in meningiomas: a novel hypothesis of tumorigenesis.
Meningioma
Calpain-dependent proteolysis of NF2 protein: involvement in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Meningioma
The involvement of calpain-dependent proteolysis of the tumor suppressor NF2 (merlin) in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Meningitis, Pneumococcal
Pharmacologic interference with NF-kappaB activation attenuates central nervous system complications in experimental Pneumococcal meningitis.
Metabolic Syndrome
Calpain inhibition decreases inflammatory protein expression in vessel walls in a model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
Metabolic Syndrome
Calpain inhibition decreases myocardial apoptosis in a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
Metabolic Syndrome
Calpain inhibition modulates glycogen synthase kinase 3? pathways in ischemic myocardium: A proteomic and mechanistic analysis.
Mitochondrial Diseases
Inhibition of GPR35 Preserves Mitochondrial Function after Myocardial Infarction by Targeting Calpain 1/2.
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase deficiency
MEKK1 regulates calpain-dependent proteolysis of focal adhesion proteins for rear-end detachment of migrating fibroblasts.
Motor Neuron Disease
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Movement Disorders
Calpain activity in plasma of patients with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.
MPTP Poisoning
Calpain upregulation and neuron death in spinal cord of MPTP-induced parkinsonism in mice.
Multiple Myeloma
Combination lenalidomide/bortezomib treatment synergistically induces calpain-dependent Ikaros cleavage and apoptosis in myeloma cells.
Multiple Sclerosis
A novel calpain inhibitor for the treatment of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Multiple Sclerosis
A putative mechanism of demyelination in multiple sclerosis by a proteolytic enzyme, calpain.
Multiple Sclerosis
Activation of calpain and caspase pathways in demyelination and neurodegeneration in animal model of multiple sclerosis.
Multiple Sclerosis
Calpain expression and infiltration of activated T cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis over time: increased calpain activity begins with onset of disease.
Multiple Sclerosis
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Multiple Sclerosis
Effects of a novel orally administered calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 on immunomodulation and neurodegeneration in a murine model of multiple sclerosis.
Multiple Sclerosis
The beta- and gamma-CH2 of B27-WT's Leu11 and Ile18 side chains play a direct role in calpain inhibition.
Muscle Spasticity
Effects of inhibitors of protein kinase C and calpain in experimental delayed cerebral vasospasm.
Muscle Spasticity
Generation of the catalytic fragment of protein kinase C alpha in spastic canine basilar artery.
Muscle Weakness
Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 Modulates Infection Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction.
Muscle Weakness
Inhibition of calpain prevents muscle weakness and disruption of sarcomere structure during hindlimb suspension.
Muscle Weakness
Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 is required for cytokine-induced skeletal muscle calpain activation.
Muscular Atrophy
A new pathway encompassing calpain 3 and its newly identified substrate cardiac ankyrin repeat protein is involved in the regulation of the nuclear factor-?B pathway in skeletal muscle.
Muscular Atrophy
Calpain 3 Expression Pattern during Gastrocnemius Muscle Atrophy and Regeneration Following Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats.
Muscular Atrophy
Calpain activation causes a proteasome-dependent increase in protein degradation and inhibits the Akt signalling pathway in rat diaphragm muscle.
Muscular Atrophy
Calpain and capase-3 play required roles in immobilization-induced limb muscle atrophy.
Muscular Atrophy
Calpain-dependent regulation of the skeletal muscle atrophy following unloading.
Muscular Atrophy
Calpains play an essential role in mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic weakness and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Muscular Atrophy
Differential activation of the calpain system involved in individualized adaptation of different fast-twitch muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels.
Muscular Atrophy
Differential localization of autolyzed calpains 1 and 2 in slow and fast skeletal muscles in the early phase of atrophy.
Muscular Atrophy
Differential Protein Metabolism and Regeneration in Gastrocnemius Muscles in High-fat Diet Fed Mice and Pre-hibernation Daurian Ground Squirrels: A Comparison between Pathological and Healthy Obesity.
Muscular Atrophy
Effect of different dietary protein composition on skeletal muscle atrophy by suspension hypokinesia/hypodynamia in rats.
Muscular Atrophy
Fibrosis, adipogenesis, and muscle atrophy in congenital muscular torticollis.
Muscular Atrophy
Identification of the optimal dose and calpain system regulation of tetramethylpyrazine on the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in hindlimb unloading rats.
Muscular Atrophy
Immobilization-induced activation of key proteolytic systems in skeletal muscles is prevented by a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant.
Muscular Atrophy
Inhibition of calpain delays early muscle atrophy after rotator cuff tendon release in sheep.
Muscular Atrophy
Muscle-specific activation of calpain system in hindlimb unloading rats and hibernating Daurian ground squirrels: a comparison between artificial and natural disuse.
Muscular Atrophy
RNA-sequencing reveals altered skeletal muscle contraction, E3 ligases, autophagy, apoptosis, and chaperone expression in patients with critical illness myopathy.
Muscular Atrophy
Skeletal Muscle Alterations Are Exacerbated in Heart Failure With Reduced Compared With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Mediated by Circulating Cytokines?
Muscular Atrophy
Superoxide-mediated oxidative stress accelerates skeletal muscle atrophy by synchronous activation of proteolytic systems.
Muscular Atrophy
Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction: the clinical relevance of animal models.
Muscular Atrophy, Spinal
Calpain Inhibition Increases SMN Protein in Spinal Cord Motoneurons and Ameliorates the Spinal Muscular Atrophy Phenotype in Mice.
Muscular Atrophy, Spinal
Calpain system is altered in survival motor neuron-reduced cells from in vitro and in vivo spinal muscular atrophy models.
Muscular Diseases
Calpain-dependent alpha-fodrin cleavage at the sarcolemma in muscle diseases.
Muscular Diseases
Increased mitochondrial emission of reactive oxygen species and calpain activation are required for doxorubicin-induced cardiac and skeletal muscle myopathy.
Muscular Diseases
Myopathy with lobulated muscle fibers: evidence for heterogeneous etiology and clinical presentation.
Muscular Diseases
Quickly progressive amyotrophy of the thigh: An unusual cause of rapid chondrolysis of the knee.
Muscular Diseases
[Polymorphism of exon 4 in the CANP-3 gene in patients with primary myopathies]
Muscular Disorders, Atrophic
Calpain and capase-3 play required roles in immobilization-induced limb muscle atrophy.
Muscular Dystrophies
Allosteric Modulation of GSK-3? as a New Therapeutic Approach in Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy R1 Calpain 3-Related.
Muscular Dystrophies
Calpain 3 Expression Pattern during Gastrocnemius Muscle Atrophy and Regeneration Following Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats.
Muscular Dystrophies
Calpain 3 is activated through autolysis within the active site and lyses sarcomeric and sarcolemmal components.
Muscular Dystrophies
Calpain chronicle--an enzyme family under multidisciplinary characterization.
Muscular Dystrophies
Calpain inhibitors as therapeutic agents in nerve and muscle degeneration.
Muscular Dystrophies
Calpain inhibitors reduce the cornified cell envelope formation by inhibiting proteolytic processing of transglutaminase 1.
Muscular Dystrophies
Calpain inhibitors: a survey of compounds reported in the patent and scientific literature.
Muscular Dystrophies
Calpains (intracellular calcium-activated cysteine proteinases): structure-activity relationships and involvement in normal and abnormal cellular metabolism.
Muscular Dystrophies
Chronic administration of a leupeptin-derived calpain inhibitor fails to ameliorate severe muscle pathology in a canine model of duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophies
Expanding members and roles of the calpain superfamily and their genetically modified animals.
Muscular Dystrophies
Immunohistochemical study of calpain and its endogenous inhibitor in the skeletal muscle of muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophies
Molecular modeling studies of peptide inhibitors highlight the importance of conformational prearrangement for inhibition of calpain.
Muscular Dystrophies
Novel cell-penetrating alpha-keto-amide calpain inhibitors as potential treatment for muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophies
Partial epilepsy in an adolescent male with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1B.
Muscular Dystrophies
Possible functions of p94 in connectin-mediated signaling pathways in skeletal muscle cells.
Muscular Dystrophies
Proteasome expression in the skeletal muscles of patients with muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophies
Regulation of the calpain and ubiquitin-proteasome systems in a canine model of muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophies
Stomach-specific calpain, nCL-2/calpain 8, is active without calpain regulatory subunit and oligomerizes through C2-like domains.
Muscular Dystrophies
Tadalafil Treatment Delays the Onset of Cardiomyopathy in Dystrophin-Deficient Hearts.
Muscular Dystrophies
Translating genetic, biochemical and structural information to the calpain view of development.
Muscular Dystrophies
[Muscular dystrophies detected by immunophenotyping and genotype analysis (mRNA and DNA)]
Muscular Dystrophies
[Polymorphism of exon 4 in the CANP-3 gene in patients with primary myopathies]
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Abnormal merosin in adults. A new form of late onset muscular dystrophy not linked to chromosome 6q2.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Allosteric Modulation of GSK-3? as a New Therapeutic Approach in Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy R1 Calpain 3-Related.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Calpain 3 is activated through autolysis within the active site and lyses sarcomeric and sarcolemmal components.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Calpain III mutation analysis of a heterogeneous limb-girdle muscular dystrophy population.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Calpainopathy: Description of a Novel Mutation and Clinical Presentation with Early Severe Contractures.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Coexisting muscular dystrophies and epilepsy in children.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Functional defects of a muscle-specific calpain, p94, caused by mutations associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy subtypes: First-reported cohort from northeastern China.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Localization of calpain 3 in human skeletal muscle and its alteration in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2A muscle.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
New aspect of the research on limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2A: a molecular biologic and biochemical approach to pathology.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Normal calpain expression in genetically confirmed limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Partial epilepsy in an adolescent male with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1B.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Possible functions of p94 in connectin-mediated signaling pathways in skeletal muscle cells.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Pseudometabolic expression and phenotypic variability of calpain deficiency in two siblings.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
[Calpain and pathology in view of structure-function relationships]
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Altered expression, intracellular distribution and activity of lymphocyte calpain II in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Chronic administration of a leupeptin-derived calpain inhibitor fails to ameliorate severe muscle pathology in a canine model of duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Delay of muscle degeneration and necrosis in mdx mice by calpain inhibition.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Deletion analysis & calpain status for carrier detection in a family with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Immunohistochemical study of calpain and its endogenous inhibitor in the skeletal muscle of muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase isoforms alpha and mu are closely related calpain-sensitive proteins.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Novel cell-penetrating alpha-keto-amide calpain inhibitors as potential treatment for muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Partial epilepsy in an adolescent male with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1B.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Regulation of the calpain and ubiquitin-proteasome systems in a canine model of muscular dystrophy.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Tadalafil Treatment Delays the Onset of Cardiomyopathy in Dystrophin-Deficient Hearts.
Mycobacterium Infections
Potential of Ca(2+) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Pathogenesis and Survival.
Myocardial Infarction
Activation of calpain in myocardial infarction: an immunohistochemical study using a calpain antibody raised against active site histidine-containing peptide.
Myocardial Infarction
Calcium channel blockade limits transcriptional, translational and functional up-regulation of the cardiac calpain system after myocardial infarction.
Myocardial Infarction
Calpain and caspase-3 inhibitors reduce infarct size and post-ischemic apoptosis in rat heart without modifying contractile recovery.
Myocardial Infarction
Calpain inhibition preserves myocardial structure and function following myocardial infarction.
Myocardial Infarction
Calpain inhibitor-1 reduces infarct size and DNA fragmentation of myocardium in ischemic/reperfused rat heart.
Myocardial Infarction
Calpain system and its involvement in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.
Myocardial Infarction
Calpain-dependent cleavage of N-cadherin is involved in the progression of post-myocardial infarction remodeling.
Myocardial Infarction
Calpastatin overexpression impairs postinfarct scar healing in mice by compromising reparative immune cell recruitment and activation.
Myocardial Infarction
Deficiency of Capn4 Gene Inhibits Nuclear Factor-?B (NF-?B) Protein Signaling/Inflammation and Reduces Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction.
Myocardial Infarction
Delayed, oral pharmacological inhibition of calpains attenuates adverse post-infarction remodelling.
Myocardial Infarction
Inhibition of calpain-mediated cell death by a novel peptide inhibitor.
Myocardial Infarction
Inhibition of GPR35 Preserves Mitochondrial Function after Myocardial Infarction by Targeting Calpain 1/2.
Myocardial Infarction
Over-expression of calpastatin attenuates myocardial injury following myocardial infarction by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Myocardial Infarction
Over-expression of calpastatin inhibits calpain activation and attenuates post-infarction myocardial remodeling.
Myocardial Infarction
Possible involvement of calpain activation in pathogenesis of chronic heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.
Myocardial Infarction
Reduction of myocardial infarction by calpain inhibitors A-705239 and A-705253 in isolated perfused rabbit hearts.
Myocardial Infarction
Reduction of myocardial infarction by postischemic administration of the calpain inhibitor A-705253 in comparison to the Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor Cariporide in isolated perfused rabbit hearts.
Myocardial Ischemia
Bid is cleaved by calpain to an active fragment in vitro and during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion.
Myocardial Ischemia
Calpain inhibition decreases inflammatory protein expression in vessel walls in a model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
Myocardial Ischemia
Calpain inhibition decreases myocardial apoptosis in a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
Myocardial Ischemia
Calpain inhibition improves collateral-dependent perfusion in a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
Myocardial Ischemia
Calpain inhibition modulates glycogen synthase kinase 3? pathways in ischemic myocardium: A proteomic and mechanistic analysis.
Myocardial Ischemia
Calpain inhibitors exhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitory activity.
Myocardial Ischemia
Calpain system and its involvement in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.
Myocardial Ischemia
Commentary: Calpain inhibition: A novel strategy to treat chronic myocardial ischemia.
Myocardial Ischemia
Selective Deletion of the NH(2)-Terminal Variable Region of Cardiac Troponin T in Ischemia Reperfusion by Myofibril-Associated mu-Calpain Cleavage.
Myocardial Stunning
Glucocorticoids preserve calpastatin and troponin I during cardiopulmonary bypass in immature pigs.
Myocarditis
Calpain regulates CVB3 induced viral myocarditis by promoting autophagic flux upon infection.
Myocarditis
Coxsackievirus B3-induced calpain activation facilitates the progeny virus replication via a likely mechanism related with both autophagy enhancement and apoptosis inhibition in the early phase of infection: an in vitro study in H9c2 cells.
Myocarditis
Dantrolene improves in vitro structural changes induced by serum from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice.
Myocarditis
Dual roles of calpain in facilitating Coxsackievirus B3 replication and prompting inflammation in acute myocarditis.
Myocarditis
Inhibition of Calpain Alleviates Apoptosis in Coxsackievirus B3-induced Acute Virus Myocarditis Through Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.
Myocarditis
Inhibition of calpain alleviates coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis through suppressing the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase-1-mediated and noncanonical caspase-11-mediated pyroptosis pathways.
Myocarditis
Inhibition of calpain reduces cell apoptosis by suppressing mitochondrial fission in acute viral myocarditis.
Myotonic Dystrophy
Expression of late myogenic differentiation markers in sarcoplasmic masses of patients with myotonic dystrophy.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Calpain Genetic Disruption and HSP90 Inhibition Combine To Attenuate Mammary Tumorigenesis.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Chymotrypsin-like activity of proteasomes and total calpain activity in gastric and colorectal cancer.
Neoplasm Metastasis
E-Cadherin fragments as potential mediators for peritoneal metastasis in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Fibronectin induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells via activation of calpain.
Neoplasm Metastasis
High expression of Capn4 is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Melatonin set out to ER stress signaling thwarts epithelial mesenchymal transition and peritoneal dissemination via calpain-mediated C/EBP? and NF?B cleavage.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Relationship Estimation of Cell Mobility Proteins Level with Processes of Proteolysis and Lymphogenic Metastasis in Breast Cancer.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Suppression of cancer cell migration and invasion by protein phosphatase 2A through dephosphorylation of mu- and m-calpains.
Neoplasm Metastasis
The genesis and unique properties of the lymphovascular tumor embolus are because of calpain-regulated proteolysis of E-cadherin.
Neoplasm Metastasis
[Association of intracellular proteinase activities with the content of locomotor proteins in tissues of primary tumors and metastasis in ovarian cancer].
Neoplasm Metastasis
[Proteasome and calpain activities in colon cancer: the relation with metastasis and prognosis].
Neoplasms
A novel anti-cancer agent, FPDHP, induces anoikis in various human cancer cells through activation of calpain, and downregulation of anoikis-related molecules.
Neoplasms
Activation and possible involvement of calpain, a calcium-activated cysteine protease, in down-regulation of apoptosis of human monoblast U937 cells.
Neoplasms
Activation of Ca(2+)-dependent proteolysis in skeletal muscle and heart in cancer cachexia.
Neoplasms
Activation of integrin alpha(V)beta(3) regulates cell adhesion and migration to bone sialoprotein.
Neoplasms
Activation of Multiple Molecular Mechanisms for Increasing Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma T98G Xenograft.
Neoplasms
Acylated and unacylated ghrelin relieve cancer cachexia in mice through multiple mechanisms.
Neoplasms
Anti-breast cancer effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors and calpain inhibitor.
Neoplasms
Apoptosis induced by novel aldehyde calpain inhibitors in human tumor cell lines.
Neoplasms
Aspirin Has Antitumor Effects via Expression of Calpain Gene in Cervical Cancer Cells.
Neoplasms
Association of mitochondrial calpain activation with increased expression and autolysis of calpain small subunit in an early stage of apoptosis.
Neoplasms
Autophagy Induced by Tumor Necrosis Factor ? Mediates Intrinsic Apoptosis in Trophoblastic Cells.
Neoplasms
Blocking the Cleavage of Filamin A by Calpain Inhibitor Decreases Tumor Cell Growth.
Neoplasms
Ca²+;-Dependent Neutral Protease (Calpain) Activity in Breast Cancer Tissue and Estrogen Receptor Status.
Neoplasms
Calpain 1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is associated with poor prognosis in lepidic predominant pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
Neoplasms
Calpain activation by Wingless-type murine mammary tumor virus integration site family, member 5A (Wnt5a) promotes axonal growth.
Neoplasms
Calpain activity is generally elevated during transformation but has oncogene-specific biological functions.
Neoplasms
CALPAIN activity is increased in skeletal muscle from gastric cancer patients with no or minimal weight loss.
Neoplasms
Calpain and caspase orchestrated death signal to accomplish apoptosis induced by resveratrol and its novel analog hydroxystilbene-1 [correction of hydroxstilbene-1] in cancer cells.
Neoplasms
Calpain Genetic Disruption and HSP90 Inhibition Combine To Attenuate Mammary Tumorigenesis.
Neoplasms
Calpain inhibition decreases inflammatory protein expression in vessel walls in a model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
Neoplasms
Calpain inhibitor II induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells as well as some solid tumor cells.
Neoplasms
Calpain inhibitors ameliorate muscle wasting in a cachectic mouse model bearing CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Neoplasms
Calpain inhibitors: a survey of compounds reported in the patent and scientific literature.
Neoplasms
Calpain regulates sensitivity to trastuzumab and survival in HER2-positive breast cancer.
Neoplasms
Calpain-1 expression is associated with relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab following adjuvant chemotherapy.
Neoplasms
Calpain-1 is associated with adverse relapse free survival in breast cancer: a confirmatory study.
Neoplasms
Calpain-2 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effects of propofol against TNF-?-induced autophagy in mouse hippocampal neurons.
Neoplasms
Calpain-Associated Proteolytic Regulation of the Stromal Microenvironment in Cancer.
Neoplasms
Calpain-dependent proteolysis of NF2 protein: involvement in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Neoplasms
Calpain-mediated proteolytic cleavage of troponin I induced by hypoxia or metabolic inhibition in cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes.
Neoplasms
Calpain-mediated X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis degradation in neutrophil apoptosis and its impairment in chronic neutrophilic leukemia.
Neoplasms
Calpastatin phosphorylation regulates radiation-induced calpain activity in glioblastoma.
Neoplasms
Calpeptin attenuated apoptosis and intracellular inflammatory changes in muscle cells.
Neoplasms
Capn4 contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer via activation of the Wnt/?-catenin/MMP9 signalling pathways.
Neoplasms
Capn4 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human melanoma cells through activation of the Wnt/?-catenin pathway.
Neoplasms
Chlorella powder inhibits the activities of peptidase cathepsin S, PLA2, cyclooxygenase-2, thromboxane synthase, tyrosine phosphatases, tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme, calpain and kinases.
Neoplasms
Combination of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide and genistein increased apoptosis in neuroblastoma SK-N-BE2 and SH-SY5Y xenografts.
Neoplasms
Comparison of the protein expression of calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin and calmodulin between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa.
Neoplasms
Complex effects of IL1A polymorphism and calpain inhibitors on interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) mRNA levels and secretion of IL-1 alpha protein.
Neoplasms
Cryptotanshinone-Induced p53-Dependent Sensitization of Colon Cancer Cells to Apoptotic Drive by Regulation of Calpain and Calcium Homeostasis.
Neoplasms
Cyclin E in breast tumors is cleaved into its low molecular weight forms by calpain.
Neoplasms
Different expression patterns of calpain isozymes 1 and 2 (CAPN1 and 2) in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) of human skin.
Neoplasms
Disulfiram induces anoikis and suppresses lung colonization in triple-negative breast cancer via calpain activation.
Neoplasms
Dysregulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling mediated by NMDAR/Ca2+/calpain might contribute to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aging mice.
Neoplasms
E-Cadherin fragments as potential mediators for peritoneal metastasis in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
Neoplasms
Effect of c-ski overexpression on the development of cachexia in mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma.
Neoplasms
Effect of glutamate on lysosomal membrane permeabilization in primary cultured cortical neurons.
Neoplasms
Effect of Target Therapy on the Content of Transcription and Growth Factors, Protein Kinase TOR, and Activity of Intracellular Proteases in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Neoplasms
Enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and cytostasis of the combination of onconase with a proteasome inhibitor.
Neoplasms
Epstein-Barr virus-encoded LMP2A stimulates migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via the EGFR/Ca(2+)/calpain/ITG?4 axis.
Neoplasms
ERK regulates calpain 2-induced androgen receptor proteolysis in CWR22 relapsed prostate tumor cell lines.
Neoplasms
Evidence for calpain-mediated androgen receptor cleavage as a mechanism for androgen independence.
Neoplasms
Expression of calpain I messenger RNA in human renal cell carcinoma: correlation with lymph node metastasis and histological type.
Neoplasms
Expression of the calpain system is associated with poor clinical outcome in gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas.
Neoplasms
Expression of the interleukin-4 receptor alpha in human conjunctival epithelial cells.
Neoplasms
Fermentation Product of Soybean, Black Bean, and Green Bean Mixture Induces Apoptosis in a Wide Variety of Cancer Cells.
Neoplasms
Her-2/neu overexpression induces NF-kappaB via a PI3-kinase/Akt pathway involving calpain-mediated degradation of IkappaB-alpha that can be inhibited by the tumor suppressor PTEN.
Neoplasms
High expression of Capn4 is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Neoplasms
High level of calpain1 promotes cancer cell invasion and migration in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Neoplasms
Human lung cancer-derived immunosuppressive plasmacytoid dendritic cells release IL-1? in an AIM2 inflammasome-dependent manner.
Neoplasms
Immunhistochemical analysis for expression of calpain 1, calpain 2 and calpastatin in ovarian cancer.
Neoplasms
Influence of Capsaicin on Inflammatory Cytokines Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Myoblast Cells Under In vitro Environment.
Neoplasms
Interferon-gamma reduces cell surface expression of annexin 2 and suppresses the invasive capacity of prostate cancer cells.
Neoplasms
MiR-585-3p suppresses tumor proliferation and migration by directly targeting CAPN9 in high grade serous ovarian cancer.
Neoplasms
Modulation of Intracellular Calcium Levels by Calcium Lactate Affects Colon Cancer Cell Motility through Calcium-Dependent Calpain.
Neoplasms
Molecular evidence of apoptotic death in malignant brain tumors including glioblastoma multiforme: upregulation of calpain and caspase-3.
Neoplasms
mu-Calpain is involved in the regulation of TNF-alpha-induced matrix metalloproteinase-3 release in a rheumatoid synovial cell line.
Neoplasms
N-Adamantyl-4-Methylthiazol-2-Amine Attenuates Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Brain.
Neoplasms
New localization and function of calpain-2 in nucleoli of colorectal cancer cells in ribosomal biogenesis: effect of KRAS status.
Neoplasms
On the involvement of calpains in the degradation of the tumor suppressor protein p53.
Neoplasms
Oral treatment with herbal formula B307 alleviates cardiac failure in aging R6/2 mice with Huntington's disease via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Neoplasms
Oral treatment with the herbal formula B307 alleviates cardiac toxicity in doxorubicin-treated mice via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Neoplasms
Potential contribution of oxidative stress and inflammation to anxiety and hypertension.
Neoplasms
Precise Prediction of Calpain Cleavage Sites and Their Aberrance Caused by Mutations in Cancer.
Neoplasms
Preventing Calpain Externalization by Reducing ABCA1 Activity with Probenecid Limits Melanoma Angiogenesis and Development.
Neoplasms
Protease inhibitor-induced apoptosis: accumulation of wt p53, p21WAF1/CIP1, and induction of apoptosis are independent markers of proteasome inhibition.
Neoplasms
Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD.
Neoplasms
Regulation of IL-33 Expression by IFN-? and Tumor Necrosis Factor-? in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes.
Neoplasms
Relationship Estimation of Cell Mobility Proteins Level with Processes of Proteolysis and Lymphogenic Metastasis in Breast Cancer.
Neoplasms
Requirement of protein kinase C micro activation and calpain-mediated proteolysis for arachidonic acid-stimulated adhesion of MDA-MB-435 human mammary carcinoma cells to collagen type IV.
Neoplasms
Secretagogue-induced proteolysis of lung spectrin in alveolar epithelial type II cells.
Neoplasms
SerpinB2 protection of retinoblastoma protein from calpain enhances tumor cell survival.
Neoplasms
Spatial localization of m-calpain to the plasma membrane by phosphoinositide biphosphate binding during epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated activation.
Neoplasms
Stomach-specific calpain, nCL-2/calpain 8, is active without calpain regulatory subunit and oligomerizes through C2-like domains.
Neoplasms
Suppression of cancer cell migration and invasion by protein phosphatase 2A through dephosphorylation of mu- and m-calpains.
Neoplasms
Synthesis, calpain inhibitory activity, and cytotoxicity of P2-substituted proline and thiaproline peptidyl aldehydes and peptidyl alpha-ketoamides.
Neoplasms
Targeting Microparticle Biogenesis: A Novel Approach to the Circumvention of Cancer Multidrug Resistance.
Neoplasms
The calpain system is associated with survival of breast cancer patients with large but operable inflammatory and non-inflammatory tumours treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Neoplasms
The calpain/calpastatin system has opposing roles in growth and metastatic dissemination of melanoma.
Neoplasms
The flavonoid beverage Haelan 951 induces growth arrest and apoptosis in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines in vitro.
Neoplasms
The genesis and unique properties of the lymphovascular tumor embolus are because of calpain-regulated proteolysis of E-cadherin.
Neoplasms
The HSV-2 mutant DeltaPK induces melanoma oncolysis through nonredundant death programs and associated with autophagy and pyroptosis proteins.
Neoplasms
The hyaluronic acid inhibitor 4-methylumbelliferone is an NSMase2 activator-role of Ceramide in MU anti-tumor activity.
Neoplasms
The involvement of calpain-dependent proteolysis of the tumor suppressor NF2 (merlin) in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Neoplasms
The study of the calpain and caspase-1 expression in ultrastructural dynamics of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma necrosis.
Neoplasms
TNF-alpha stimulates caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death in primary septo-hippocampal cultures.
Neoplasms
Tumor necrosis factor- [Formula: see text] induces caspase-independent cell death in human neutrophils via reactive oxidants and associated with calpain activity.
Neoplasms
Ubiquitous calpains promote both apoptosis and survival signals in response to different cell death stimuli.
Neoplasms
[Association of intracellular proteinase activities with the content of locomotor proteins in tissues of primary tumors and metastasis in ovarian cancer].
Neoplasms
[Proteasome and calpain activities in colon cancer: the relation with metastasis and prognosis].
Neoplasms
[The effect of pre-operative chemotherapy on calpain in cells of gastrointestinal malignant tumors]
Nephritis
Calpain activation and secretion promote glomerular injury in experimental glomerulonephritis: evidence from calpastatin-transgenic mice.
Nervous System Diseases
Calpain activation promotes BACE1 expression, amyloid precursor protein processing, and amyloid plaque formation in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
Nervous System Diseases
Calpain inhibitors: a survey of compounds reported in the patent and scientific literature.
Nervous System Diseases
Design and synthesis of 4-aryl-4-oxobutanoic acid amides as calpain inhibitors.
Nervous System Diseases
Design and synthesis of calpain inhibitory 6-pyridone 2-carboxamide derivatives.
Nervous System Diseases
Synthesis of cinnamoyl ketoamides as hybrid structures of antioxidants and calpain inhibitors.
Neuralgia
Calpain-2 Regulates TNF-? Expression Associated with Neuropathic Pain Following Motor Nerve Injury.
Neuralgia
Calpain-mediated down-regulation of myelin-associated glycoprotein in lysophosphatidic acid-induced neuropathic pain.
Neuralgia
Melatonin, a calpain inhibitor in the central nervous system: Current status and future perspectives.
Neuralgia
Nerve Injury Increases GluA2-lacking AMPA Receptor Prevalence in Spinal Cords: Functional Significance and Signaling Mechanisms.
Neuralgia
NMDA Receptor- and Calpain-mediated Proteolytic Cleavage of K+-Cl- Cotransporter-2 Disrupts Spinal Chloride Homeostasis in Neuropathic Pain.
Neuralgia, Postherpetic
Activation and expression of ?-calpain in dorsal root contributes to RTX-induced mechanical allodynia.
Neurilemmoma
Calpain-dependent proteolysis of NF2 protein: involvement in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Neurilemmoma
The involvement of calpain-dependent proteolysis of the tumor suppressor NF2 (merlin) in schwannomas and meningiomas.
Neuroblastoma
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV is cleaved by caspase-3 and calpain in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells undergoing apoptosis.
Neuroblastoma
Calpain inhibition is sufficient to suppress aggregation of polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-3.
Neuroblastoma
Calpains and calpastatin in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells during retinoic acid-induced differentiation and neurite outgrowth: comparison with the human brain calpain system.
Neuroblastoma
Calpastatin overexpression reduces oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial impairment and cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by decreasing calpain and calcineurin activation, induction of mitochondrial fission and destruction of mitochondrial fusion.
Neuroblastoma
Calpastatin reduces calpain and caspase activation in methamphetamine-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cultured cells.
Neuroblastoma
Comparative in vitro study of the inhibition of human and hen esterases by methamidophos enantiomers.
Neuroblastoma
Cross-talk between calpain and caspase proteolytic systems during neuronal apoptosis.
Neuroblastoma
Differential degradation of calpastatin by mu- and m-calpain in Ca(2+)-enriched human neuroblastoma LAN-5 cells.
Neuroblastoma
Enhancement of neurite outgrowth following calpain inhibition is mediated by protein kinase C.
Neuroblastoma
Garlic compounds induced calpain and intrinsic caspase cascade for apoptosis in human malignant neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
Neuroblastoma
In vitro study of the neuropathic potential of the organophosphorus compounds fenamiphos and profenofos: Comparison with mipafox and paraoxon.
Neuroblastoma
Maitotoxin induces calpain activation in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and cerebrocortical cultures.
Neuroblastoma
Mechanism of apoptosis with the involvement of calpain and caspase cascades in human malignant neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to flavonoids.
Neuroblastoma
Melatonin attenuates dexamethasone toxicity-induced oxidative stress, calpain and caspase activation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
Neuroblastoma
NMDA and HIV-1 coat protein, GP120, produce necrotic but not apoptotic cell death in human CHP100 neuroblastoma cultures via a mechanism involving calpain.
Neuroblastoma
Novel synthetic lipopeptides derived from Mycoplasma hyorhinis upregulate calpastatin in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and induce a neuroprotective effect against amyloid-?-peptide toxicity.
Neuroblastoma
Phosphorylation of Serine 157 Protects the Rat Glycine Transporter GlyT2 from Calpain Cleavage.
Neuroblastoma
Proteasome or calpain inhibition does not alter cellular tau levels in neuroblastoma cells or primary neurons.
Neuroblastoma
Restriction of microM-calcium-requiring calpain activation to the plasma membrane in human neuroblastoma cells: evidence for regionalized influence of a calpain activator protein.
Neuroblastoma
Stimulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein alpha-processing by phorbol ester involves calcium and calpain activation.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
? Cell-specific increased expression of calpastatin prevents diabetes induced by islet amyloid polypeptide toxicity.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
?1-antitrypsin modulates microglial-mediated neuroinflammation and protects microglial cells from amyloid-?-induced toxicity.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
A novel calpain inhibitor for the treatment of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Adaptive modifications in the calpain/calpastatin system in brain cells after persistent alteration in Ca2+ homeostasis.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Age-dependent ataxia and neurodegeneration caused by an ?II spectrin mutation with impaired regulation of its calpain sensitivity.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Analyzing the Behavior of Neuronal Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease Using Petri Net Modeling Approach.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Brain injury-induced proteolysis is reduced in a novel calpastatin-overexpressing transgenic mouse.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Brain targeting of 9c,11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces A? and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain activation in neurodegenerative diseases: confocal immunofluorescence study with antibodies specifically recognizing the active form of calpain 2.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain as a novel target for treating acute neurodegenerative disorders.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain Inhibition Improves Erectile Function in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain inhibitors and antioxidants act synergistically to prevent cell necrosis: effects of the novel dual inhibitors (cysteine protease inhibitor and antioxidant) BN 82204 and its pro-drug BN 82270.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain Inhibitors as Neuroprotective Agents in Neurodegenerative Disorders.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain-mediated degradation of MDMx/MDM4 contributes to HIV-induced neuronal damage.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpain: a death protein that mediates progression of liver injury.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpains as a Target for Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Putative Role of Lithium.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpains as a target for therapy of neurodegenerative diseases: putative role of lithium.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Calpastatin overexpression reduces oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial impairment and cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by decreasing calpain and calcineurin activation, induction of mitochondrial fission and destruction of mitochondrial fusion.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Differential roles of nuclear and cytoplasmic cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in apoptotic and excitotoxic neuronal death.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Discovery of ABT-957: 1-Benzyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxamides as selective calpain inhibitors with enhanced metabolic stability.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Discovery of Novel and Highly Selective Inhibitors of Calpain for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: 2-(3-Phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-nicotinamides.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Downregulation of Kv4.2 channels mediated by NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Dysregulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling mediated by NMDAR/Ca2+/calpain might contribute to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aging mice.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Glutamate-induced apoptosis in neuronal cells is mediated via caspase-dependent and independent mechanisms involving calpain and caspase-3 proteases as well as apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and this process is inhibited by equine estrogens.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Immunofluorescent labeling of increased calpain expression and neuronal death in the spinal cord of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated mice.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Inhibition of calpain and caspase-3 prevented apoptosis and preserved electrophysiological properties of voltage-gated and ligand-gated ion channels in rat primary cortical neurons exposed to glutamate.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Inhibition of Calpain Prevents N-Methyl-D-aspartate-Induced Degeneration of the Nucleus Basalis and Associated Behavioral Dysfunction.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Inhibition of Calpain Protects Against Tauopathy in Transgenic P301S Tau Mice.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Involvement of calpain activation in neurodegenerative processes.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Isoform-specific hyperactivation of calpain-2 occurs presymptomatically at the synapse in Alzheimer's disease mice and correlates with memory deficits in human subjects.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Melatonin, a calpain inhibitor in the central nervous system: Current status and future perspectives.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
MicroRNA-137-3p Protects PC12 Cells Against Oxidative Stress by Downregulation of Calpain-2 and nNOS.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neuron-Microglia Interaction Induced Bi-directional Cytotoxicity Associated with Calpain Activation.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neuroprotective effects of MAPK/ERK1/2 and calpain inhibitors on lactacystin-induced cell damage in primary cortical neurons.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neuroprotective effects of Mycoplasma hyorhinis against amyloid-?-peptide toxicity in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells are mediated by calpastatin upregulation in the mycoplasma-infected cells.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Olesoxime suppresses calpain activation and mutant huntingtin fragmentation in the BACHD rat.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
p25/cyclin-dependent kinase 5 promotes the progression of cell death in nucleus of endoplasmic reticulum-stressed neurons.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Suppression of calpain-dependent cleavage of the CDK5 activator p35 to p25 by site-specific phosphorylation.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Synthesis of ?-Ketoamide-Based Stereoselective Calpain-1 Inhibitors as Neuroprotective Agents.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
The calcium-dependent protease calpain in neuronal remodeling and neurodegeneration.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
The calpain inhibitor MDL 28170 prevents inflammation-induced neurofilament light chain breakdown in the spinal cord and reduces thermal hyperalgesia.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
The novel calpain inhibitor A-705253 prevents stress-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in vitro and in vivo.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
The regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activity through the metabolism of p35 or p39 Cdk5 activator.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Understanding molecular mechanisms of proteolysis in Alzheimer's disease: progress toward therapeutic interventions.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Valproic acid downregulates Cdk5 activity via the transcription of the p35 mRNA.
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Dysregulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling mediated by NMDAR/Ca2+/calpain might contribute to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aging mice.
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
miR-124 and Parkinson's disease: A biomarker with therapeutic potential.
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis.
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Sarm1 is Essential for Anesthesia-Induced Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment in Aged Mice.
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Structural Insights into the Unique Activation Mechanisms of a Non-classical Calpain and Its Disease-Causing Variants.
Neurologic Manifestations
Calpain activity in bone marrow transplant-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Optic Nerve Injuries
The neuroprotective effect of latanoprost acts via klotho-mediated suppression of calpain activation after optic nerve transection.
Optic Neuritis
A putative role for calpain in demyelination associated with optic neuritis.
Optic Neuritis
Calcium influx and calpain activation mediate preclinical retinal neurodegeneration in autoimmune optic neuritis.
Optic Neuritis
Calcium-mediated neurofilament protein degradation in rat optic nerve in vitro: activity and autolysis of calpain proenzyme.
Optic Neuritis
Calpain inhibition attenuates apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in acute optic neuritis.
Optic Neuritis
Calpain Inhibition Reduces Structural and Functional Impairment of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Experimental Optic Neuritis.
Optic Neuritis
Calpain inhibitor attenuated optic nerve damage in acute optic neuritis in rats.
Optic Neuritis
Increased calpain expression in experimental demyelinating optic neuritis: an immunocytochemical study.
Optic Neuritis
Putative role of calpain in the pathophysiology of experimental optic neuritis.
Osteoarthritis
Cysteine and serine proteases of synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis
Inflammatory cytokines induced down-regulation of m-calpain mRNA expression in fibroblastic synoviocytes from patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Osteosarcoma
Apoptosis may determine the release of skeletal alkaline phosphatase activity from human osteoblast-line cells.
Osteosarcoma
Silencing of calpain expression reduces the metastatic potential of human osteosarcoma cells.
Ototoxicity
Calpain and caspase inhibitors protect vestibular sensory cells from gentamicin ototoxicity.
Ototoxicity
Involvement of calpain-I and microRNA34 in kanamycin-induced apoptosis of inner ear cells.
Ototoxicity
Leupeptin protects cochlear and vestibular hair cells from gentamicin ototoxicity.
Ototoxicity
Leupeptin, a calpain inhibitor, protects inner ear hair cells from aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
Ototoxicity
Neuroprotection of vestibular sensory cells from gentamicin ototoxicity obtained using nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, reactive oxygen species scavengers, brain-derived neurotrophic factors and calpain inhibitors.
Ovarian Neoplasms
Comparison of the protein expression of calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin and calmodulin between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa.
Ovarian Neoplasms
Immunhistochemical analysis for expression of calpain 1, calpain 2 and calpastatin in ovarian cancer.
Ovarian Neoplasms
MiR-585-3p suppresses tumor proliferation and migration by directly targeting CAPN9 in high grade serous ovarian cancer.
Ovarian Neoplasms
Pro-caspase-3 overexpression sensitises ovarian cancer cells to proteasome inhibitors.
Ovarian Neoplasms
Se-methylselenocysteine induces apoptosis through caspase activation and Bax cleavage mediated by calpain in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells.
Ovarian Neoplasms
The Effects of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor and Calpain Inhibitor Combination Therapies on Ovarian Cancer Cells.
Ovarian Neoplasms
[Association of intracellular proteinase activities with the content of locomotor proteins in tissues of primary tumors and metastasis in ovarian cancer].
Pancreatic Neoplasms
The calpain inhibitor calpeptin suppresses pancreatic cancer by disrupting cancer-stromal interactions in a mouse xenograft model.
Pancreatic Neoplasms
The flavonoid beverage Haelan 951 induces growth arrest and apoptosis in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines in vitro.
Pancreatitis
Calpain activation contributes to oxidative stress-induced pancreatic acinar cell injury.
Pancreatitis
Calpain-mediated breakdown of cytoskeletal proteins contributes to cholecystokinin-induced damage of rat pancreatic acini.
Pancreatitis
Dysregulation of the calpain-calpastatin system plays a role in the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in the rat.
Parkinson Disease
Calpain activity in plasma of patients with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.
Parkinson Disease
Calpain in the cleavage of alpha-synuclein and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson Disease
Calpain inhibitors as therapeutic agents in nerve and muscle degeneration.
Parkinson Disease
Calpain mediated expansion of CD4+ cytotoxic T cells in rodent models of Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson Disease
Calpain upregulation in spinal cords of mice with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson Disease
Calpain-mediated signaling mechanisms in neuronal injury and neurodegeneration.
Parkinson Disease
Calpastatin Gene (CAST) Is Not Associated with Late Onset Sporadic Parkinson's Disease in the Han Chinese Population.
Parkinson Disease
Critical role of calpain in spinal cord degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson Disease
Dysfunctional mitochondria uphold calpain activation: contribution to Parkinson's disease pathology.
Parkinson Disease
Molecular modeling studies of peptide inhibitors highlight the importance of conformational prearrangement for inhibition of calpain.
Parkinsonian Disorders
Calpain activation in apoptosis of motoneurons in cell culture models of experimental parkinsonism.
Parkinsonian Disorders
The parkinsonian neurotoxin rotenone activates calpain and caspase-3 leading to motoneuron degeneration in spinal cord of Lewis rats.
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Calpain inhibitors protect against axonal degeneration in a model of anti-ganglioside antibody-mediated motor nerve terminal injury.
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Cisplatin induced neurotoxicity is mediated by Sarm1 and calpain activation.
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Inhibition of Paclitaxel-Induced Decreases in Calcium Signaling.
Peritoneal Fibrosis
[Calpain activation promotes dialysis-associated peritoneal fibrosis in rats].
Peritonitis
Calpains promote neutrophil recruitment and bacterial clearance in an acute bacterial peritonitis model.
Pheochromocytoma
Calpeptin, a calpain inhibitor, promotes neurite elongation in differentiating PC12 cells.
Picornaviridae Infections
Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis.
Pituitary Neoplasms
Calpain inhibitor inhibits secretory granule maturation and secretion of GH.
Pituitary Neoplasms
Positive feedback of protein kinase C proteolytic activation during apoptosis.
Pleural Effusion
Activation of calpain by renin-angiotensin system in pleural mesothelial cells mediates tuberculous pleural fibrosis.
Pleural Effusion
Calpain and spectrin breakdown products as potential biomarkers in tuberculous pleural effusion.
Pleural Effusion, Malignant
Activation of calpain by renin-angiotensin system in pleural mesothelial cells mediates tuberculous pleural fibrosis.
Pneumonia
Activation of calpains mediates early lung neutrophilic inflammation in ventilator-induced lung injury.
Pneumonia
Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Association of Calpain (CAPN) 10 (UCSNP-43, rs3792267) gene polymorphism with elevated serum androgens in young women with the most severe phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Polyneuropathies
Alterations in the neutral proteinase activities of central and peripheral nervous systems of acrylamide-, carbon disulfide-, or 2,5-hexanedione-treated rats.
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
Calpain inhibitor II induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells as well as some solid tumor cells.
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
GAS2-Calpain2 axis contributes to the growth of leukemic cells.
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
Increased ?-Calpain Activity in Blasts of Common B-Precursor Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Correlates with Their Lower Susceptibility to Apoptosis.
Prediabetic State
Selective deletion of endothelial cell calpain in mice reduces diabetic cardiomyopathy by improving angiogenesis.
Premature Birth
Erythropoietin Modulates Cerebral and Serum Degradation Products from Excess Calpain Activation following Prenatal Hypoxia-Ischemia.
Prenatal Injuries
Erythropoietin attenuates loss of potassium chloride co-transporters following prenatal brain injury.
Prion Diseases
Remarkable reduction of MAP2 in the brains of scrapie-infected rodents and human prion disease possibly correlated with the increase of calpain.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Apoptosis induced by novel aldehyde calpain inhibitors in human tumor cell lines.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Association of mitochondrial calpain activation with increased expression and autolysis of calpain small subunit in an early stage of apoptosis.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Blocking the Cleavage of Filamin A by Calpain Inhibitor Decreases Tumor Cell Growth.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Calmodulin protects androgen receptor from calpain-mediated breakdown in prostate cancer cells.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Calpain activation through galectin-3 inhibition sensitizes prostate cancer cells to cisplatin treatment.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Calpain and AR-V7: Two potential therapeutic targets to overcome acquired docetaxel resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Calpain inhibitor-induced apoptosis in human prostate adenocarcinoma cells.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Calpain-mediated androgen receptor breakdown in apoptotic prostate cancer cells.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Cholesterol-induced activation of TRPM7 regulates cell proliferation, migration, and viability of human prostate cells.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Cleavage of beta-catenin by calpain in prostate and mammary tumor cells.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagic and apoptotic cell death, and immune activation by a natural triterpenoid in human prostate cancer cells.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Regulation of the Transcriptional Coactivator FHL2 Licenses Activation of the Androgen Receptor in Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
Prostatic Neoplasms
The role of calpain in the proteolytic cleavage of E-cadherin in prostate and mammary epithelial cells.
Protein Deficiency
The interaction of superoxide with nitric oxide destabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha.
Proteinuria
Calpain activation and secretion promote glomerular injury in experimental glomerulonephritis: evidence from calpastatin-transgenic mice.
Proteinuria
Inhibiting calpain 1 and 2 in cyclin G associated kinase-knockout mice mitigates podocyte injury.
Proteinuria
The Calcium-Dependent Protease Calpain-1 Links TRPC6 Activity to Podocyte Injury.
Proteostasis Deficiencies
? Cell-specific increased expression of calpastatin prevents diabetes induced by islet amyloid polypeptide toxicity.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Activation of Calpain-2 by Mediators in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Calpain mediates pulmonary vascular remodeling in rodent models of pulmonary hypertension, and its inhibition attenuates pathologic features of disease.
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Calpain Activation Contributes to Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Calpain inhibition attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via switching the development of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Calpeptin Prevents Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Cell Proliferation via the Angiopoietin1/Tie2 System.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Crosstalk between calpain activation and TGF-?1 augments collagen-I synthesis in pulmonary fibrosis.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pleural mesothelial cell migration into lung parenchyma by calpain contributes to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
The calpain inhibitor calpeptin prevents bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.
Pulmonary Heart Disease
Calpain inhibition preserves talin and attenuates right heart failure in acute pulmonary hypertension.
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic
Evidence implicating calpain (Ca(2+)-dependent neutral protease) in the destructive thrombocytopenia of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic
Calpain activator dibucaine induces platelet apoptosis.
Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic
Calpain activity in bone marrow transplant-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic
Calpain activity in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is associated with platelet microparticles.
Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic
Calpain proteolysis of von Willebrand factor enhances its binding to platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa: an explanation for platelet aggregation in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Renal Insufficiency
Calpain inhibition but not reticulum endoplasmic stress preconditioning protects rat kidneys from p-aminophenol toxicity.
Renal Insufficiency
The pathogenic activation of calpain: a marker and mediator of cellular toxicity and disease states.
Reperfusion Injury
Attenuation of neutrophil-mediated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by a calpain inhibitor.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain 2-mediated autophagy defect increases susceptibility of fatty livers to ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain activity alters in rat myocardial subfractions after ischemia or reperfusion.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain inhibitor I reduces intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain inhibitor-1 protects the rat heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury: analysis by mechanical work and energetics.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain inhibitors exhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitory activity.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain mediates ischemic injury of the liver through modulation of apoptosis and necrosis.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain silencing alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 axis in mice.
Reperfusion Injury
Calpain system and its involvement in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.
Reperfusion Injury
Cardioprotective effects of a novel calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 for reperfusion injury after cardioplegic cardiac arrest.
Reperfusion Injury
CaSR and calpain contribute to the ischemia reperfusion injury of spinal cord.
Reperfusion Injury
cGMP/PKG Pathway as a common mediator of cardioprotection. Translatability and mechanism.
Reperfusion Injury
Disruption of Rac1 signaling reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in the diabetic heart by inhibiting calpain.
Reperfusion Injury
Glucocorticoids preserve calpastatin and troponin I during cardiopulmonary bypass in immature pigs.
Reperfusion Injury
Inhibitors of calpain activation (PD150606 and E-64) and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Reperfusion Injury
Involvement of calpain isoforms in ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat retina.
Reperfusion Injury
Neuroprotective Effect of Resveratrol on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through TRPC6/CREB Pathways.
Reperfusion Injury
Prednisolone suppresses ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver by reducing cytokine production and calpain mu activation.
Reperfusion Injury
Prostacyclin analog-suppressed ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver: evaluation by calpain mu activation.
Reperfusion Injury
Protective effect of prednisolone on ischemia-induced liver injury in rats.
Reperfusion Injury
Protective effects of adenosine on the diabetic myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury: Role of calpain.
Reperfusion Injury
Structure and proteolytic susceptibility of the inhibitory C-terminal tail of cardiac troponin I.
Reperfusion Injury
The protective effects and potential mechanism of Calpain inhibitor Calpeptin against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
Reperfusion Injury
[Demonstration of secondary free radicals and the role of calpain in functional changes associated with the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion sequence]
Respiratory Insufficiency
Caspase and Calpain Activation Both Contribute to Sepsis Induced Diaphragmatic Weakness.
Retinal Degeneration
Activation of mitochondrial calpain and release of apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria in RCS rat retinal degeneration.
Retinal Degeneration
Amelioration of retinal degeneration and proteolysis in acute ocular hypertensive rats by calpain inhibitor ((1S)-1-((((1S)-1-benzyl-3-cyclopropylamino-2,3-di-oxopropyl)amino)carbonyl)-3-methylbutyl)carbamic acid 5-methoxy-3-oxapentyl ester.
Retinal Degeneration
Apoptosis in retinal degeneration involves cross-talk between apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and caspase-12 and is blocked by calpain inhibitors.
Retinal Degeneration
Calpain inhibitor protects cells against light-induced retinal degeneration.
Retinal Degeneration
Calpains are activated by light but their inhibition has no neuroprotective effect against light-damage.
Retinal Degeneration
Contribution of calpains to photoreceptor cell death in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-treated rats.
Retinal Degeneration
Involvement of calpain isoforms in retinal degeneration in WBN/Kob rats.
Retinal Degeneration
Photoreceptor cell death mechanisms in inherited retinal degeneration.
Retinal Degeneration
Photoreceptor rescue and toxicity induced by different calpain inhibitors.
Retinal Degeneration
Presence of calpain-induced proteolysis in retinal degeneration and dysfunction in a rat model of acute ocular hypertension.
Retinal Degeneration
Unfolded protein response-induced dysregulation of calcium homeostasis promotes retinal degeneration in rat models of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
Retinal Detachment
Control of photoreceptor autophagy after retinal detachment: the switch from survival to death.
Retinal Diseases
Companion Diagnosis for Retinal Neuroprotective Treatment by Real-Time Imaging of Calpain Activation Using a Novel Fluorescent Probe.
Retinal Diseases
Structural Insights into the Unique Activation Mechanisms of a Non-classical Calpain and Its Disease-Causing Variants.
Retinitis Pigmentosa
Contribution of calpains to photoreceptor cell death in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-treated rats.
Retinoblastoma
Expression of late myogenic differentiation markers in sarcoplasmic masses of patients with myotonic dystrophy.
Retinoblastoma
Human papillomavirus E7 requires the protease calpain to degrade the retinoblastoma protein.
Retinoblastoma
Mitotic clonal expansion during preadipocyte differentiation: calpain-mediated turnover of p27.
Retinoblastoma
Posttranslational regulation of the retinoblastoma gene family member p107 by calpain protease.
Retinoblastoma
Proteolytic degradation of the retinoblastoma family protein p107: A putative cooperative role of calpain and proteasome.
Retinoblastoma
SerpinB2 protection of retinoblastoma protein from calpain enhances tumor cell survival.
Sarcoglycanopathies
Myopathy with lobulated muscle fibers: evidence for heterogeneous etiology and clinical presentation.
Sarcoma, Synovial
Calcium-Dependent Calpain Activation-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Are Required for Cytotoxicity of Epinecidin-1 in Human Synovial Sarcoma SW982 Cells.
Sarcopenia
Age-related loss of nitric oxide synthase in skeletal muscle causes reductions in calpain S-nitrosylation that increase myofibril degradation and sarcopenia.
Schistosomiasis
Cloning and molecular characterization of calpain, a calcium-activated neutral proteinase, from different strains of Schistosoma japonicum.
Schistosomiasis
Establishment of Schistosoma japonicum calpain-specific mouse T cell hybridomas and identification of a T cell epitope that stimulates IFNgamma production.
Schistosomiasis
Schistosoma egg-induced liver pathology resolution by Sm-p80-based schistosomiasis vaccine in baboons.
Schistosomiasis
Schistosoma mansoni antigen Sm-p80: prophylactic efficacy using TLR4 agonist vaccine adjuvant glucopyranosyl lipid A-Alum in murine and non-human primate models.
Schistosomiasis
Use of an Sm-p80-Based Therapeutic Vaccine to Kill Established Adult Schistosome Parasites in Chronically Infected Baboons.
Schistosomiasis mansoni
Protection against Schistosoma mansoni infection with a recombinant baculovirus-expressed subunit of calpain.
Scleroderma, Systemic
Increased serum calpain activity is associated with HMGB1 levels in systemic sclerosis.
Seizures
A calpain inhibitor ameliorates seizure burden in an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Seizures
Antiepileptic and Neuroprotective Effects of Oleamide in Rat Striatum on Kainate-Induced Behavioral Seizure and Excitotoxic Damage via Calpain Inhibition.
Seizures
Asiatic Acid Prevents Cognitive Deficits by Inhibiting Calpain Activation and Preserving Synaptic and Mitochondrial Function in Rats with Kainic Acid-Induced Seizure.
Seizures
BDNF is required for seizure-induced but not developmental up-regulation of KCC2 in the neonatal hippocampus.
Seizures
Calpain inhibitor I retards seizure offset in the hippocampus of freely moving rats.
Seizures
Calpain-2 activation in mouse hippocampus plays a critical role in seizure-induced neuropathology.
Seizures
Calpain-2 as a Treatment Target in Prenatal Stress-induced Epileptic Spasms in Infant Rats.
Seizures
Developmental changes in calpain activity, GluR1 receptors and in the effect of kainic acid treatment in rat brain.
Seizures
Effect of seizure activity and calpain inhibitor I on LTP in juvenile hippocampal slices.
Seizures
Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis.
Seizures
Regional distribution and time-course of calpain activation following kainate-induced seizure activity in adult rat brain.
Seizures
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel piperidine carboxamide derived calpain inhibitors.
Sepsis
Activation of Both the Calpain and Ubiquitin-Proteasome Systems Contributes to Septic Cardiomyopathy through Dystrophin Loss/Disruption and mTOR Inhibition.
Sepsis
Ca2(+)-dependent and Ca2(+)-independent proteinase contents in the skeletal muscle in septic rats.
Sepsis
Calpain Activation and Organ Failure in Sepsis: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives.
Sepsis
Calpain inhibitors improve myocardial dysfunction and inflammation induced by endotoxin in rats.
Sepsis
Calpastatin Controls Polymicrobial Sepsis by Limiting Procoagulant Microparticle Release.
Sepsis
Caspase and Calpain Activation Both Contribute to Sepsis Induced Diaphragmatic Weakness.
Sepsis
Cleavage of I?B? by calpain induces myocardial NF-?B activation, TNF-? expression, and cardiac dysfunction in septic mice.
Sepsis
Dantrolene reduces serum TNFalpha and corticosterone levels and muscle calcium, calpain gene expression, and protein breakdown in septic rats.
Sepsis
Deletion of capn4 Protects the Heart Against Endotoxemic Injury by Preventing ATP Synthase Disruption and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Superoxide Generation.
Sepsis
Muscle-specific calpastatin overexpression prevents diaphragm weakness in cecal ligation puncture-induced sepsis.
Sepsis
Sepsis stimulates calpain activity in skeletal muscle by decreasing calpastatin activity but does not activate caspase-3.
Sepsis
SS31, a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, prevents sepsis-induced reductions in diaphragm strength and endurance.
Sepsis
Targeted inhibition of calpain in mitochondria alleviates oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury.
Sepsis
The role of the Hsp90/Akt pathway in myocardial calpain-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis during sepsis.
Skin Diseases
The calcium-activated neutral protease calpain I is present in normal foetal skin and is decreased in neonatal harlequin ichthyosis.
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Capsaicin induces apoptosis in human small cell lung cancer via the TRPV6 receptor and the calpain pathway.
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone induces phosphorylation of mu- and m-calpain in association with increased secretion, cell migration, and invasion.
Spermatic Cord Torsion
Inhibition of calpain but not caspase protects the testis against injury after experimental testicular torsion of rat.
Spermatic Cord Torsion
Involvement of calpain for apoptosis in dysfunction of the unaffected testis in rats with experimental testicular torsion.
Spermatic Cord Torsion
Nitric oxide promotes germ cell necrosis in the delayed phase after experimental testicular torsion of rat.
Spinal Cord Injuries
2-BFI attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced spinal cord injury with enhanced B-CK, CaATPase, but reduced calpain activity.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain activity and expression increased in activated glial and inflammatory cells in penumbra of spinal cord injury lesion.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain activity and translational expression increased in spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain fosters the hyperexcitability of motoneurons after spinal cord injury and leads to spasticity.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury: neuroprotection with calpain inhibitors.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain inhibitor AK 295 inhibits calpain-induced apoptosis and improves neurologic function after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain inhibitor attenuates ER stress-induced apoptosis in injured spinal cord after bone mesenchymal stem cells transplantation.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain inhibitor inhibits p35-p25-Cdk5 activation, decreases tau hyperphosphorylation, and improves neurological function after spinal cord hemisection in rats.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain inhibitor prevented apoptosis and maintained transcription of proteolipid protein and myelin basic protein genes in rat spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain inhibitors as therapeutic agents in nerve and muscle degeneration.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Calpain inhibitors prevent neuronal cell death and ameliorate motor disturbances after compression-induced spinal cord injury in rats.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Cell death in spinal cord injury (SCI) requires de novo protein synthesis. Calpain inhibitor E-64-d provides neuroprotection in SCI lesion and penumbra.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Cleavage of Na(+) channels by calpain increases persistent Na(+) current and promotes spasticity after spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Direct Evidence for Calpain Involvement in Apoptotic Death of Neurons in Spinal Cord Injury in Rats and Neuroprotection with Calpain Inhibitor.
Spinal Cord Injuries
E-64-d prevents both calpain upregulation and apoptosis in the lesion and penumbra following spinal cord injury in rats.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Early induction of secondary injury factors causing activation of calpain and mitochondria-mediated neuronal apoptosis following spinal cord injury in rats.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Estrogen treatment of spinal cord injury attenuates calpain activation and apoptosis.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Evaluation of conditions for calpain inhibition in the rat spinal cord: effective postinjury inhibition with intraspinal MDL28170 microinjection.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Higher calpastatin levels correlate with resistance to calpain-mediated proteolysis and neuronal apoptosis in juvenile rats after spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Increased calpain content and progressive degradation of neurofilament protein in spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Increased calpain expression is associated with apoptosis in rat spinal cord injury: calpain inhibitor provides neuroprotection.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Increased calpain I-mediated proteolysis, and preferential loss of dephosphorylated NF200, following traumatic spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Intraspinal MDL28170 microinjection improves functional and pathological outcome following spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Melatonin attenuates calpain upregulation, axonal damage and neuronal death in spinal cord injury in rats.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Molecular modeling studies of peptide inhibitors highlight the importance of conformational prearrangement for inhibition of calpain.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Pretreatment with calpain inhibitor CEP-4143 inhibits calpain I activation and cytoskeletal degradation, improves neurological function, and enhances axonal survival after traumatic spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Relatively low levels of calpain expression in juvenile rat correlate with less neuronal apoptosis after spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Role of calpain and its inhibitors in tissue degeneration and neuroprotection in spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Role of Calpain in Spinal Cord Injury: Effects of Calpain and Free Radical Inhibitors
Spinal Cord Injuries
Role of calpain in spinal cord injury: effects of calpain and free radical inhibitors.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Role of calpain in spinal cord injury: increased calpain immunoreactivity in rat spinal cord after impact trauma.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Role of calpain in spinal cord injury: increased mcalpain immunoreactivity in spinal cord after compression injury in the rat.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Sustained Calpain Inhibition Improves Locomotor Function and Tissue Sparing Following Contusive Spinal Cord Injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
The role of calpain in neurofilament protein degradation associated with spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Therapeutic Efficacy of E-64-d, a Selective Calpain Inhibitor, in Experimental Acute Spinal Cord Injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Therapeutic efficacy of SJA6017, a calpain inhibitor, in rat spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord Injuries
[Effects of electroacupuncture on motor function and calpain expression in rats with acute spinal cord injury].
Spinal Cord Ischemia
Degradation of spectrin via calpains in the ventral horn after transient spinal cord ischemia in rabbits.
Spinocerebellar Ataxias
N-terminal ataxin-3 causes neurological symptoms with inclusions, endoplasmic reticulum stress and ribosomal dislocation.
Spinocerebellar Ataxias
Variants in Genes of Calpain System as Modifiers of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Phenotype.
Staphylococcal Infections
Improvement of deficient natural killer activity and delayed bactericidal activity by a thiol proteinase inhibitor, E-64-d, in leukocytes from Chediak-Higashi syndrome patients in vitro.
Starvation
BmCalpains are involved in autophagy and apoptosis during metamorphosis and after starvation in Bombyx mori.
Starvation
Effect of Nutrient Restriction and Re-Feeding on Calpain Family Genes in Skeletal Muscle of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).
Starvation
Effect of starvation on global gene expression and proteolysis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Starvation
Identification and molecular characterization of the rainbow trout calpains (Capn1 and Capn2): their expression in muscle wasting during starvation.
Starvation
Ubiquitous calpains promote both apoptosis and survival signals in response to different cell death stimuli.
Status Epilepticus
A calpain inhibitor ameliorates seizure burden in an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Status Epilepticus
Calpain activation is involved in early caspase-independent neurodegeneration in the hippocampus following status epilepticus.
Status Epilepticus
Calpain-dependent cleavage of GABAergic proteins during epileptogenesis.
Status Epilepticus
Calpain-dependent truncated form of TrkB-FL increases in neurodegenerative processes.
Stomach Neoplasms
CALPAIN activity is increased in skeletal muscle from gastric cancer patients with no or minimal weight loss.
Stomach Neoplasms
Calpain regulates thymidylate synthase-5-fluoro-dUMP complex levels associated with response to 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer cells.
Stomach Neoplasms
Chymotrypsin-like activity of proteasomes and total calpain activity in gastric and colorectal cancer.
Stomach Neoplasms
Honokiol induces calpain-mediated glucose-regulated protein-94 cleavage and apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells and reduces tumor growth.
Stroke
Accumulation of calpain and caspase-3 proteolytic fragments of brain-derived alphaII-spectrin in cerebral spinal fluid after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
Stroke
Beneficial effects of antecedent exercise training on limb motor function and calpain expression in a rat model of stroke.
Stroke
beta2-Adrenergic receptor responsiveness of the calpain-calpastatin system and attenuation of neuronal death in rat hippocampus after transient global ischemia.
Stroke
Contribution of calpain activation to early stages of hippocampal damage during oxygen-glucose deprivation.
Stroke
Currently evaluated calpain and caspase inhibitors for neuroprotection in experimental brain ischemia.
Stroke
Inhibition of nNOS reduces ischemic cell death through down-regulating calpain and caspase-3 after experimental stroke.
Stroke
Melatonin, a calpain inhibitor in the central nervous system: Current status and future perspectives.
Stroke
Neuroprotective actions of aminoguanidine involve reduced the activation of calpain and caspase-3 in a rat model of stroke.
Stroke
Postischemic administration of AK275, a calpain inhibitor, provides substantial protection against focal ischemic brain damage.
Stroke
Synthesis of cinnamoyl ketoamides as hybrid structures of antioxidants and calpain inhibitors.
Stroke
The pathogenic activation of calpain: a marker and mediator of cellular toxicity and disease states.
Stroke
The pharmacology of neurotrophic treatment with Cerebrolysin: brain protection and repair to counteract pathologies of acute and chronic neurological disorders.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Calpastatin peptide attenuates early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Calpeptin Reduces Neurobehavioral Deficits and Neuronal Apoptosis Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Systemic administration of a calpain inhibitor reduces behavioral deficits and blood-brain barrier permeability changes after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in the rat.
Synucleinopathies
Effects of Novel Calpain Inhibitors in Transgenic Animal Model of Parkinson's disease/dementia with Lewy bodies.
Tauopathies
Calpain-mediated tau cleavage: a mechanism leading to neurodegeneration shared by multiple tauopathies.
Tauopathies
Negative regulation of 26S proteasome stability via calpain-mediated cleavage of Rpn10 upon mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons.
Tauopathies
Novel Peptidomic Approach for Identification of Low and High Molecular Weight Tauopathy Peptides Following Calpain Digestion, and Primary Culture Neurotoxic Challenges.
Tauopathies
Specific calpain inhibition by calpastatin prevents tauopathy and neurodegeneration and restores normal lifespan in tau P301L mice.
Thrombocytopenia
Deletion of GLUT1 and GLUT3 Reveals Multiple Roles for Glucose Metabolism in Platelet and Megakaryocyte Function.
Thrombocytopenia
Evidence implicating calpain (Ca(2+)-dependent neutral protease) in the destructive thrombocytopenia of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Thrombosis
Altered expression of platelet proteins and calpain activity mediate hypoxia-induced prothrombotic phenotype.
Thrombosis
Platelet factor XIII and calpain negatively regulate integrin alphaIIbbeta3 adhesive function and thrombus growth.
Thrombosis
Shear-induced interaction of platelets with von Willebrand factor results in glycoprotein Ib{alpha} shedding.
Tinnitus
Noise, Calpain, Calpain Inhibitors, and Neuroprotection: A Preliminary Report of Tinnitus Control.
Tongue Neoplasms
Asiatic Acid Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Activates the Grp78/IRE1?/JNK and Calpain Pathways to Inhibit Tongue Cancer Growth.
Trauma, Nervous System
Calpain inhibitor AK295 attenuates motor and cognitive deficits following experimental brain injury in the rat.
Trauma, Nervous System
Calpeptin Reduces Neurobehavioral Deficits and Neuronal Apoptosis Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats.
Trauma, Nervous System
New inhibitors of calpain prevent degradation of cytoskeletal and myelin proteins in spinal cord in vitro.
Tremor
Calpain inhibition mediates autophagy-dependent protection against polyglutamine toxicity.
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Calpain-1 Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Potential Prognostic Factor Independent of the Proliferative/Apoptotic Index.
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Disulfiram induces anoikis and suppresses lung colonization in triple-negative breast cancer via calpain activation.
Tuberculosis
The RD1 locus in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome contributes to the maturation and secretion of IL-1? from infected macrophages through the elevation of cytoplasmic calcium levels and calpain activation.
Tuberculosis, Pleural
Activation of calpain by renin-angiotensin system in pleural mesothelial cells mediates tuberculous pleural fibrosis.
Uremia
Calpain is a mediator of myocardial injury in experimental uremia: is it activated by endogenous ouabain?
Uremia
Calpain is activated in experimental uremia: is calpain a mediator of uremia-induced myocardial injury?
Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction
Expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein in the partially obstructed and reversed rabbit bladder.
Urinary Incontinence
The role of calpain-calpastatin system in the development of stress urinary incontinence.
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Aspirin Has Antitumor Effects via Expression of Calpain Gene in Cervical Cancer Cells.
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Calcium store sensor stromal-interaction molecule 1-dependent signaling plays an important role in cervical cancer growth, migration, and angiogenesis.
Uveitis
CAPN5 mutation in hereditary uveitis: the R243L mutation increases calpain catalytic activity and triggers intraocular inflammation in a mouse model.
Vaccinia
Recombinant vaccinia viruses and gene gun vectors expressing the large subunit of Schistosoma mansoni calpain used in a murine immunization-challenge model.
Vascular Calcification
Calpain-1 Mediated Disorder of Pyrophosphate Metabolism Contributes to Vascular Calcification Induced by oxLDL.
Vasospasm, Intracranial
Attenuation of vasospasm and hemoglobin-induced constriction in the rabbit basilar artery by a novel protease inhibitor.
Vasospasm, Intracranial
Continuous elevation of intracellular Ca2+ is essential for the development of cerebral vasospasm.
Vasospasm, Intracranial
Effects of inhibitors of protein kinase C and calpain in experimental delayed cerebral vasospasm.
Vasospasm, Intracranial
The pathogenic activation of calpain: a marker and mediator of cellular toxicity and disease states.
Venous Thrombosis
Increased calpain expression following experimental cerebral venous thrombosis in rats.
Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Activation of calpains mediates early lung neutrophilic inflammation in ventilator-induced lung injury.
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
A new calpain inhibitor protects left ventricular dysfunction induced by mild ischemia-reperfusion in in situ rat hearts.
Vertigo
Noise, Calpain, Calpain Inhibitors, and Neuroprotection: A Preliminary Report of Tinnitus Control.
Virus Diseases
Identifying SARS-CoV-2 antiviral compounds by screening for small molecule inhibitors of Nsp5 main protease.
Whooping Cough
Calpain inhibition induces activation of the distinct signalling pathways and cell migration in human monocytes.
Whooping Cough
Calpain inhibitors stimulate phagocyte functions via activation of human formyl peptide receptors.
Whooping Cough
Calpain-mediated regulation of the distinct signaling pathways and cell migration in human neutrophils.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Bruton's tyrosine kinase is a substrate of calpain in human platelets.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Effect of platelet calpain on normal T-lymphocyte CD43: hypothesis of events in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Evidence implicating calpain (Ca(2+)-dependent neutral protease) in the destructive thrombocytopenia of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Inhibition of calpain stabilises podosomes and impairs dendritic cell motility.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Tyrosine phosphorylation of WASP promotes calpain-mediated podosome disassembly.
Wolfram Syndrome
A calcium-dependent protease as a potential therapeutic target for Wolfram syndrome.
Wolfram Syndrome
Calpain inhibitor and ibudilast rescue ? cell functions in a cellular model of Wolfram syndrome.
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
medicine
calpain-9 is generally decreased in gastric cancer cell lines and primary tumor tissues, while calpain-8 expression is not significantly altered. Calpain-9, but not calpain-8, induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and cellular apoptosis in gastric cancer cells
medicine
calpain-9 is generally decreased in gastric cancer cell lines and primary tumor tissues, while calpain-8 expression is not significantly altered. Calpain-9 induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and cellular apoptosis in vitro, and it attenuates the growth of subcutaneous tumor xenografts in vivo. Low expression of calpain-9 is positively associated with male sex, late T stage, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stage (tumor, node, metastasis). Calpain-9 is an independent prognostic factor for poor prognosis, and combining calpain-9 with TNM stage generates a better predictive model for patient outcomes
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Peng, P.; Wu, W.; Zhao, J.; Song, S.; Wang, X.; Jia, D.; Shao, M.; Zhang, M.; Li, L.; Wang, L.; Duan, F.; Zhao, R.; Yang, C.; Wu, H.; Zhang, J.; Shen, Z.; Ruan, Y.; Gu, J.
Decreased expression of Calpain-9 predicts unfavorable prognosis in patients with gastric cancer
Sci. Rep.
6
29604
2016
Homo sapiens (A6NHC0), Homo sapiens (O14815)
brenda
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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