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alpha-actinin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-II-spectrin + H2O
?
-
-
calpain-specific spectrin cleaved products
-
?
alpha-spectrin
?
-
-
-
-
?
apoptosis-inducing factor + H2O
?
-
calpain-mediated truncation of apoptosis-inducing factor is contingent upon poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity
-
-
?
apoptosis-inducing factor + H2O
truncated apoptosis-inducing factor + ?
collapsin response mediator protein 1 + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
collapsin response mediator protein 2 + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
collapsin response mediator protein 3 + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
collapsin response mediator protein 4 + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
cyclin dependent kinase-5 + H2O
p25-CDK5
-
-
-
-
?
E-(EDANS)-PLFAERK-(Dabcyl) + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
lysosomal associated membrane protein 2 + H2O
?
-
calpain 1 is responsible for lysosomal permeabilization by cleavage of the lysosomal associated membrane protein 2
-
-
?
mature apoptosis-inducing factor (62 kDa) + H2O
cleaved apoptosis-inducing factor (57 kDa) + ?
-
cleaved by the mitochondrial mu-calpain near its N-terminus
-
-
?
mitochondrial major Ca2+ extruding pathway Na+/Ca2+ exchanger + H2O
?
-
cleaved by the mitochondrial mu-calpain
-
-
?
myelin-associated glycoprotein + H2O
?
N-succinyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-L-tyrosinyl-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
N-succinyl-LLVY-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
N-succinyl-LLVY + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
-
-
-
-
?
Na+/Ca2+ exchanger isoform 3 + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
RecTat101 + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
spectrin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
troponin complex + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
alpha-spectrin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-spectrin + H2O
?
-
mu-calpain is neuroprotective in the early stage of excitotoxic injury. Activation and proteolysis of alpha-spectrin by mu-calpain preceds neuronal damage in the developing cerebral cortex induced by chronic treatament of methylmercury
-
-
?
apoptosis-inducing factor + H2O
truncated apoptosis-inducing factor + ?
-
-
-
-
?
apoptosis-inducing factor + H2O
truncated apoptosis-inducing factor + ?
-
mitochondrial micro-calpain is the protease responsible for processing apoptosis-inducing factor prior to its release
-
-
?
myelin-associated glycoprotein + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
myelin-associated glycoprotein + H2O
?
-
calpain overexpression due to *OH stress, IFN-gamma stimulation, or Ca2+ influx is involved in C6 cell death
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
prednisolone suppresses ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver. Its cytoprotective effect is partial, but is closely associated with inhibition of activation of mu-calpain and suppression of IL-beta and TNF-alpha transcription as well as with improved survival rate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme mediates tissue injury following post-ischemic and post-traumatic stress
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mu-calpain, m-calpain, 20S proteasome, dipeptidyl peptidase II and III and soluble alanyl aminopeptidase are thought to induce lens opacification kinetically during cataract formation in Shumiya cataract rats through the intracellular turnover of lens proteins
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
role for mu-calpain isoform in the hypermeability of the diabetic endothelium
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mitochondrial mu-calpain associates with ERp57, whereas, cytosolic mu-calpain does not associate with ERp57
-
-
?
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Dutt, P.; Springgs, C.N.; Davies, P.L.; Jia, Z.; Elce, J.S.
Origins of the difference in Ca2+ requirement for activation of mu- and m-calpain
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367
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2002
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sorimachi, H.; Amano, S.; Ishiura, S.; Suzuki, K.
Primary sequences of rat mu-calpain large and small subunits are, respectively, moderately and highly similar to those of human
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
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1996
Rattus norvegicus (P97571)
brenda
Murachi, T.; Tanaka, K.; Hatanaka, M.; Murakami, T.
Intracellular cellular Ca2+-dependent protease (calpain) and its high-molecular-weight endogenous inhibitor (calpastatin)
Adv. Enzyme Regul.
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1981
Rattus norvegicus
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Kishimoto, A.; Kajikawa, N.; Tabuchi, H.; Shiota, M.; Nishizuka, Y.
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1981
Rattus norvegicus
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Kitahara, A.; Sasaki, T.; Kikuchi, T.; Yumoto, N.; Yoshimura, N.; Hatanaka, M.; Murachi, T.
Large-scale purification of porcine calpain I and calpain II and comparison of proteolytic fragments of their subunits
J. Biochem.
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1984
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
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Murachi, T.
Intracellular regulatory system involving calpain and calpastatin
Biochem. Int.
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1989
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
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Yoshimura, N.; Kikuchi, T.; Sasaki, T.; Kithara, A.; Hatanaka, M.; Murachi, T.
Two distinct Ca2+ proteases (calpain I and calpain II) purified concurrently by the same method from rat kidney
J. Biol. Chem.
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1983
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Wang, M.; Sakon, M.; Umeshita, K.; Okuyama, M.; Shiozaki, K.; Nagano, H.; Dohno, K.; Nakamori, S.; Monden, M.
Prednisolone suppresses ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver by reducing cytokine production and calpain m activation
J. Hepatol.
34
278-283
2001
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Zhang, J.; Miyamoto, K.I.; Hashioka, S.; Hao, H.P.; Murao, K.; Saido, T.C.; Nakanishi, H.
Activation of m-calpain in developing cortical neurons following methylmercury treatment
Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res.
142
105-110
2003
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Zhang, H.; Yamamoto, Y.; Shumiya, S.; Kunimatsu, M.; Nishi, K.; Ohkubo, I.; Kani, K.
Peptidases play an important role in cataractogenesis: an immunohistochemical study on lenses derived from Shumiya cataract rats
Histochem. J.
33
511-521
2002
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ray, S.K.; Wilford, G.G.; Crosby, C.V.; Hogan, E.L.; Banik, N.L.
Diverse stimuli induce calpain overexpression and apoptosis in C6 glioma cells
Brain Res.
829
18-27
1999
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sazontova, T.G.; Matskevich, A.A.; Arkhipenko, Y.V.
Calpains: physiological and pathophysiological significance
Pathophysiology
6
91-102
1999
Rattus norvegicus
-
brenda
Wan, W.; DePetrillo, P.B.
Ritonavir inhibition of calcium-activated neutral proteases
Biochem. Pharmacol.
63
1481-1484
2002
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Murphy, R.M.; Verburg, E.; Lamb, G.D.
Ca2+-activation of diffusible and bound pools of micro-calpain in rat skeletal muscle
J. Physiol.
576
595-612
2006
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Vermaelen, M.; Sirvent, P.; Raynaud, F.; Astier, C.; Mercier, J.; Lacampagne, A.; Cazorla, O.
Differential localization of autolyzed calpains 1 and 2 in slow and fast skeletal muscles in the early phase of atrophy
Am. J. Physiol.
292
C1723-C1731
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Scalia, R.; Gong, Y.; Berzins, B.; Zhao, L.J.; Sharma, K.
Hyperglycemia is a major determinant of albumin permeability in diabetic microcirculation: the role of mu-calpain
Diabetes
56
1842-1849
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Badugu, R.; Garcia, M.; Bondada, V.; Joshi, A.; Geddes, J.W.
N terminus of calpain 1 is a mitochondrial targeting sequence
J. Biol. Chem.
283
3409-3417
2008
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Covington, M.D.; Arrington, D.D.; Schnellmann, R.G.
Calpain 10 is required for cell viability and is decreased in the aging kidney
Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.
296
F478-F486
2009
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Passiatore, G.; Rom, S.; Eletto, D.; Peruzzi, F.
HIV-1 Tat C-terminus is cleaved by calpain 1: implication for Tat-mediated neurotoxicity
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1793
378-387
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Bevers, M.B.; Lawrence, E.; Maronski, M.; Starr, N.; Amesquita, M.; Neumar, R.W.
Knockdown of m-calpain increases survival of primary hippocampal neurons following NMDA excitotoxicity
J. Neurochem.
108
1237-1250
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sun, M.; Zhao, Y.; Gu, Y.; Xu, C.
Inhibition of nNOS reduces ischemic cell death through down-regulating calpain and caspase-3 after experimental stroke
Neurochem. Int.
54
339-346
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Jiang, L.; Wang, M.; Zhang, J.; Monticone, R.E.; Telljohann, R.; Spinetti, G.; Pintus, G.; Lakatta, E.G.
Increased aortic calpain-1 activity mediates age-associated angiotensin II signaling of vascular smooth muscle cells
PLoS ONE
3
e2231
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Kar, P.; Samanta, K.; Shaikh, S.; Chowdhury, A.; Chakraborti, T.; Chakraborti, S.
Mitochondrial calpain system: an overview
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
495
1-7
2010
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ozaki, T.; Yamashita, T.; Ishiguro, S.
Mitochondrial m-calpain plays a role in the release of truncated apoptosis-inducing factor from the mitochondria
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1793
1848-1859
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Levesque, S.; Wilson, B.; Gregoria, V.; Thorpe, L.B.; Dallas, S.; Polikov, V.S.; Hong, J.S.; Block, M.L.
Reactive microgliosis: extracellular micro-calpain and microglia-mediated dopaminergic neurotoxicity
Brain
133
808-821
2010
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Li, X.; Li, Y.; Shan, L.; Shen, E.; Chen, R.; Peng, T.
Over-expression of calpastatin inhibits calpain activation and attenuates myocardial dysfunction during endotoxaemia
Cardiovasc. Res.
83
72-79
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Li, Y.; Li, Y.; Feng, Q.; Arnold, M.; Peng, T.
Calpain activation contributes to hyperglycaemia-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes
Cardiovasc. Res.
84
100-110
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Murphy, R.M.
Calpains, skeletal muscle function and exercise
Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol.
37
385-391
2010
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Vosler, P.S.; Sun, D.; Wang, S.; Gao, Y.; Kintner, D.B.; Signore, A.P.; Cao, G.; Chen, J.
Calcium dysregulation induces apoptosis-inducing factor release: cross-talk between PARP-1- and calpain-signaling pathways
Exp. Neurol.
218
213-220
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Joshi, A.; Bondada, V.; Geddes, J.W.
Mitochondrial micro-calpain is not involved in the processing of apoptosis-inducing factor
Exp. Neurol.
218
221-227
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Li, Y.; Bondada, V.; Joshi, A.; Geddes, J.W.
Calpain 1 and Calpastatin expression is developmentally regulated in rat brain
Exp. Neurol.
220
316-319
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Bevers, M.B.; Ingleton, L.P.; Che, D.; Cole, J.T.; Li, L.; Da, T.; Kopil, C.M.; Cohen, A.S.; Neumar, R.W.
RNAi targeting micro-calpain increases neuron survival and preserves hippocampal function after global brain ischemia
Exp. Neurol.
224
170-177
2010
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Weber, H.; Huehns, S.; Luethen, F.; Jonas, L.
Calpain-mediated breakdown of cytoskeletal proteins contributes to cholecystokinin-induced damage of rat pancreatic acini
Int. J. Exp. Pathol.
90
387-399
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Brustovetsky, T.; Bolshakov, A.; Brustovetsky, N.
Calpain activation and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger degradation occur downstream of calcium deregulation in hippocampal neurons exposed to excitotoxic glutamate
J. Neurosci. Res.
88
1317-1328
2010
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Wang, L.; Duan, L.; Li, X.; Li, G.
Acute-exercise-induced alterations in calpain and calpastatin expression in rat muscle
J. Sport Rehabil.
18
213-228
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Colak, A.; Kaya, M.; Karaoglan, A.; Sagmanligil, A.; Akdemir, O.; Sahan, E.; Celik, O.
Calpain inhibitor AK 295 inhibits calpain-induced apoptosis and improves neurologic function after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats
Neurocirugia (Astur)
20
245-254
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Nanduri, J.; Wang, N.; Yuan, G.; Khan, S.A.; Souvannakitti, D.; Peng, Y.J.; Kumar, G.K.; Garcia, J.A.; Prabhakar, N.R.
Intermittent hypoxia degrades HIF-2alpha via calpains resulting in oxidative stress: implications for recurrent apnea-induced morbidities
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
106
1199-1204
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Villalpando Rodriguez, G.E.; Torriglia, A.
Calpain 1 induce lysosomal permeabilization by cleavage of lysosomal associated membrane protein 2
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1833
2244-2253
2013
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Zheng, D.; Wang, G.; Li, S.; Fan, G.C.; Peng, T.
Calpain-1 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis following hypoxia/reoxygenation
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1852
882-892
2015
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Gao, H.; Geng, Z.
Calpain I activity and its relationship with hippocampal neuronal death in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rat model
Cell Biochem. Biophys.
66
371-377
2013
Rattus norvegicus
brenda