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Information on EC 3.4.22.49 - separase and Organism(s) Schizosaccharomyces pombe and UniProt Accession P18296

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EC Tree
     3 Hydrolases
         3.4 Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases)
             3.4.22 Cysteine endopeptidases
                3.4.22.49 separase
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Schizosaccharomyces pombe
UNIPROT: P18296 not found.
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Schizosaccharomyces pombe
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
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all bonds known to be hydrolysed by this endopeptidase have arginine in P1 and an acidic residue in P4. P6 is often occupied by an acidic residue or by an hydroxy-amino-acid residue, the phosphorylation of which enhances cleavage
Synonyms
separase, sep-1, espl1, separin, atesp, cut1/separase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Cut1/separase
-
-
separin
-
-
-
-
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
all bonds known to be hydrolysed by this endopeptidase have arginine in P1 and an acidic residue in P4. P6 is often occupied by an acidic residue or by an hydroxy-amino-acid residue, the phosphorylation of which enhances cleavage
show the reaction diagram
unphosphorylatable form of cohesin subunit Rad21 is less efficiently cleaved by Separase
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of peptide bond
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
351527-77-0
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
cohesin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
cohesin + H2O
cleaved cohesin
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
cohesin + H2O
fragments of cohesin
show the reaction diagram
Rad21 + H2O
cleaved Rad21
show the reaction diagram
-
Rad21 is cleaved by Cut1 at the metaphase-anaphase transition
-
-
?
Rad21 + H2O
fragments of Rad21
show the reaction diagram
-
Rad21 is cleaved by the separase Cut1 at the metaphase-anaphase transition
-
?
Rec8 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
Scc1 + H2O
cleaved Scc1
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
cohesin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
cohesin + H2O
cleaved cohesin
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
Rad21 + H2O
cleaved Rad21
show the reaction diagram
-
Rad21 is cleaved by Cut1 at the metaphase-anaphase transition
-
-
?
Rec8 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
cleavage is required for meiotic nuclear divisions in fission yeast
-
-
?
Scc1 + H2O
cleaved Scc1
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MAP kinase is required for the increased securin-separase interaction that rescues separase mutants under stresses
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Ca2+
-
Ca2+-levels affect separase function, C-terminal region contains a Ca2+-binding motif
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
securin
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
securin
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
Cut1 seems to be localized in the cytoplasm
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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possibly localized in the nucleus, in the mitotic stage Cut1 is mobilized to the spindle poles and the spindle microtubules
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
-
in fission yeast Cut1 features similar localization in the beginning of anaphase onset persisting on the spindle until mid-anaphase
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
role in DNA repair. Involved in positioning of spindle pole body
evolution
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separases belong to CD clan of cysteine proteases. Unlike other members of this clan, separases are large multidomain proteins with more than 1000 amino acid residues. Mode of action in vivo and mechanistic differences in mitosis between organisms, overview
physiological function
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function of separases in metaphase to anaphase transition, overview. Separase cleaves and removes the remaining centromeric cohesin. In yeasts, separase is responsible for the removal of both arm and centromeric cohesin after its phosphorylation by Cdc5 or other Plks. Separase can target both centromeric cohesin and cohesin of chromosomal arms. Cohesin is implicated in transcriptional regulation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. When securin is depleted in yeast cells, the proteolytic activity of Esp1 is no longer cell cycle regulated, while Scc1 is cleaved on schedule suggesting the existence of additional regulatory elements
additional information
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securin, in addition to its inhibitory role, can act as a molecular chaperone of separase, essential for its proper folding. Interaction takes place between the N-terminus of separase and the C-terminus of securin
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
proteolytic modification
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during metaphase, separase is kept inactive through its binding to the chaperone securin. During anaphase, APCcdc20 cleaves securin releasing separase. Active separase cleaves itself, and the resulting N- and C-terminal fragments associate, mechanism of separase maturation during metaphase to anaphase transition
GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Cdc48 is required for the stability of Cut1/separase in mitotic anaphase
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
generation of separase gene knock-out mutants
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Yanagida, M.
Cell cycle mechanisms of sister chromatid separation; roles of Cut1/separin and Cut2/securin
Genes Cells
5
1-8
2000
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens, Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Amon, A.
Together until separin do us part
Nat. Cell Biol.
3
E12-14
2001
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens, Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ross, K.E.; Cohen-Fix, O.
Separase: a conserved protease separating more than just sisters
Trends Cell Biol.
12
1-3
2002
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Xenopus laevis
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kawasaki, Y.; Nagao, K.; Nakamura, T.; Yanagida, M.
Fission yeast MAP kinase is required for the increased securin-separase interaction that rescues separase mutants under stresses
Cell Cycle
5
1831-1839
2006
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kitajima, T.S.; Miyazaki, Y.; Yamamoto, M.; Watanabe, Y.
Rec8 cleavage by separase is required for meiotic nuclear divisions in fission yeast
EMBO J.
22
5643-5653
2003
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Nagao, K.; Yanagida, M.
Securin can have a separase cleavage site by substitution mutations in the domain required for stabilization and inhibition of separase
Genes Cells
11
247-260
2006
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ikai, N.; Yanagida, M.
Cdc48 is required for the stability of Cut1/separase in mitotic anaphase
J. Struct. Biol.
156
50-61
2006
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Nagao, K.; Adachi, Y.; Yanagida, M.
Separase-mediated cleavage of cohesin at interphase is required for DNA repair
Nature
430
1044-1048
2004
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Adachi, Y.; Kokubu, A.; Ebe, M.; Nagao, K.; Yanagida, M.
Cut1/separase-dependent roles of multiple phosphorylation of fission yeast cohesion subunit Rad21 in post-replicative damage repair and mitosis
Cell Cycle
7
765-776
2008
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Moschou, P.N.; Bozhkov, P.V.
Separases: biochemistry and function
Physiol. Plant.
145
67-76
2012
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Ricinus communis, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, Oryza sativa, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Sorghum bicolor, Vitis vinifera, Cryptosporidium muris, Arabidopsis thaliana (Q5IBC5)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kumar, R.
Separase Function beyond cohesion cleavage and an emerging oncogene
J. Cell. Biochem.
118
1283-1299
2017
Caenorhabditis elegans, Arabidopsis thaliana (A0A1P8B3N4), Schizosaccharomyces pombe (P18296), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Q03018), Drosophila melanogaster (Q9VRN6), Picea abies (R4XPW1), Schizosaccharomyces pombe ATCC 24843 (P18296)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team