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Information on EC 3.4.15.1 - peptidyl-dipeptidase A and Organism(s) Mus musculus and UniProt Accession P09470
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3.4.15.1 peptidyl-dipeptidase ASpecify your search results
Word Map
- 3.4.15.1
- hypertension
-
blocker
- cardiovascular
- arterial
-
antihypertensive
- cardiac
-
renin-angiotensin
- ventricular
- myocardial
- captopril
-
systolic
-
diuretic
- coronary
- renin
-
aceis
- infarction
-
beta-blockers
- enalapril
- glomerular
-
diastolic
-
ejection
- proteinuria
- mellitus
-
placebo
- hypertrophy
- aldosterone
- nephropathy
- creatinine
-
hemodynamic
- bradykinin
-
congestive
- ras
-
vasodilator
-
normotensive
- statin
-
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
- hg
- sarcoidosis
- losartan
- aspirin
-
prescript
-
double-blind
- angiotensinogen
-
renoprotective
-
pressor
- digoxin
-
all-cause
-
renovascular
-
microalbuminuria
-
hypotensive
- drug development
- veterinary medicine
- medicine
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Mus musculus
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Reaction Schemes
release of a C-terminal dipeptide, oligopeptide-/-Xaa-Yaa, when Xaa is not Pro, and Yaa is neither Asp nor Glu. Thus, conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, with increase in vasoconstrictor activity, but no action on angiotensin II
Synonyms
angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin converting enzyme, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin i-converting enzyme, angiotensin-converting-enzyme, angiotensin i converting enzyme, ace-1, kininase ii, angiotensin-i converting enzyme, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
ACE
angiotensin 1 converting enzyme
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-
-
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angiotensin converting enzyme
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-
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angiotensin I-converting enzyme
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-
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angiotensin-converting enzyme
carboxycathepsin
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-
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carboxypeptidase, dipeptidyl
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-
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CD143 antigen
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DCP
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-
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Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase
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-
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dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I
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-
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endothelial cell peptidyl dipeptidase
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-
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kininase II
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-
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PDH
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-
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peptidase P
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-
-
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peptidyl dipeptidase
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-
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peptidyl dipeptidase A
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-
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peptidyl dipeptidase I
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peptidyl dipeptidase-4
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peptidyl dipeptide hydrolase
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-
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peptidyl-dipeptide hydrolase
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peptidyldipeptide hydrolase
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-
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ACE
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-
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angiotensin-converting enzyme
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-
-
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9015-82-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
7-amido-4-carboxymethylcoumarin-YVADAPK(Dnp)-OH + H2O
dinitrophenol + 7-amino-4-carbamoylmethylcoumarin-YVADAPK
-
-
-
-
?
amyloid beta-protein 1-42 + H2O
amyloid beta-protein 1-420 + ?
-
angiotensin-converting enzyme converts amyloid beta-protein1-42 to amyloid beta-protein1-40. ACE regulates Abeta1-42/Abeta1-40 ratio in vivo by converting secreted Abeta1-42 to Abeta1-40 and degrading Abetas. The upregulation of ACE activity can be a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimers disease
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
amyloid beta-protein 1-42 + H2O
amyloid beta-protein 1-420 + ?
-
angiotensin-converting enzyme converts amyloid beta-protein1-42 to amyloid beta-protein1-40. ACE regulates Abeta1-42/Abeta1-40 ratio in vivo by converting secreted Abeta1-42 to Abeta1-40 and degrading Abetas. The upregulation of ACE activity can be a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimers disease
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-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
captopril
ACE competitive inhibitor, inhibits somatic ACE activity. Captopril significantly lowers the percentage of cells in the S phase and significantly increases the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase compared with the negative control, whereas the percentage of cells in each cell cycle phase nearly recovers following captopril withdrawal
lisinopril
-
tumor growth is significantly inhibited as measured by tumor weight
MLN-4760
-
conversion of Ang II to Ang(1-7) is blocked by MLN-4760 but not by DX600
captopril
-
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition confers renoprotection in adriamycin nephropathy by reducing intrarenal angiotensin II and augmenting expression of N-acetylseryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline that together attenuate signaling of mitogen-activated protein kinase and its downstream proinflammatory and fibrinogenic properties
captopril
-
it is likely that prevention of angiotensin II receptor stimulation is a major mechanism underlying the inhibition of myosin-induced myocarditis by captopril
captopril
-
the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, promotes growth of immunogenic tumors in mice
captopril
-
microarray gene expression profiling of the aorta during atherosclerosis prevention with the ACE inhibitor, overview. Captopril treatment for 7 months strongly decreases the recruitment of proatherogenic immune cells into the aorta. Captopril-mediated inhibition of plaque infiltrating immune cells involves downregulation of the C-C chemokine receptor 9, CCR9, phenotype and physiological mechanism, overview
enalapril
-
treatment of mdx mice (murine model of duchenne muscular dystrophy) with the ACE inhibitor enalapril significantly increases the net force and tetanic isometric force of the gastrocnemius muscle in sedentary and exercised dystrophic mice. Enalapril decreases the necrotic areas in the gastrocnemius muscles in both conditions of mdx mice. ACE inhibition treatment also leads to a decrease in fibrosis, as manifested by a reduction in ECM protein levels and collagen amount
perindopril
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in a murine hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft model perindopril suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma development and inhibits neovascularization
ramipril
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diabetic nephropathy can be delayed by the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Critical role of bradykinin B2 receptor activation in the mediation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors renal protection against diabetic nephropathy
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
spermatogonial, somatic ACE (sACE), but not testicular ACE (tACE), is expressed in mouse cultured spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs)
spermatogonial, somatic ACE (sACE), but not testicular ACE (tACE), is expressed in mouse testis before postpartum day 7
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ACE is expressed in osteoblasts and hypertrophic chondrocytes in the periosteal callus during fracture healing, accompanied by expression of the angiotensin type-1 and type-2 receptors
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mice with angiotensin converting enzyme expression only in the heart show atria enlargement and electrical conduction defects but normal ventricular function
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mice with expression of angiotensin convertzing enzyme only in monocytes and macrophages have a marked resistance to the growth of melanoma due to an enhanced immune response
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mice with expression of angiotensin convertzing enzyme only in monocytes and macrophages have a marked resistance to the growth of melanoma due to an enhanced immune response
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a critical role in the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system
physiological function
physiological function
malfunction
genetically modified mice carrying three copies of the ACE gene (three-copy mice) show increased angiotensin I-converting enzyme which alters peripheral and renal vascular reactivity to angiotensin II and bradykinin in mice. Mice with three copies of the ACE gene and a moderate genetic increase in ACE synthesis display abnormal systemic and renal hemodynamic responses to ANGII. No ACE genotype effect on the blood pressure response is observed for vasoconstrictor norepinephrine. The increase in endogenous ANG II formation due to increased ACE activity does not result in desensitization to the peptide's effect through downregulation of ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor synthesis. Regulatory effects of the mutation, overview
malfunction
sAce knockdown through shRNAs impairs proliferation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells in vitro and leads to smaller colony size
physiological function
ACE is a well-characterized zinc peptidase that removes C-terminal dipeptides from substrates such as angiotensin I and bradykinin leading to an increase in blood pressure. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a critical role in the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system. Somatic ACE, sACE, plays an important role in spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) self-renewal through the regulation of MAPK-dependent cell proliferation. sACE is required for the self-renewal of SSCs through the MAPK signaling pathway
physiological function
ACE is an endothelial ectopeptidase that is also secreted in plasma
physiological function
-
ACE is part of the renin-angiotensin system, RAS, that regulates blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis, and is involved in regulating regeneration, cell growth, apoptosis, inflammation and angiogenesis, expression and function of the key RAS component ACE during fracture healing, overview. ACE is important in bone remodelling
physiological function
-
key enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system, a circulating endocrine system regulating blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis. Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme stimulates fracture healing and periosteal callus formation in a murine femur fracture model, overview
physiological function
-
mouse ACE2 (1 mg/kg) obliterates hypertension induced by Ang II infusion by rapidly decreasing plasma Ang II
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). ACE_MOUSE
1312
1
150918
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1)
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
generation of genetically engineered mice carrying a duplication of the ACE gene on chromosome 11 on a C57Bl6/J background, the littermate mice carry three (heterozygote for the duplication) functional ACE gene copies. Phenotype and regulatory effects of the mutation, overview
additional information
lentivirus-mediated shRNA knockdown of somatic ACE, sAce
additional information
-
lentivirus-mediated shRNA knockdown of somatic ACE, sAce
additional information
-
autonomic dysregulation in ob/ob mice is improved by inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a truncated form of mouse ACE2 is cloned into adenovirus vector (Ad-ACE2) and transfected into human THP-1 macrophages
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
medicine
medicine
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ACE2 overexpression may provide a therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis by inhibiting production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) induced by angiotensin II. ACE2 produces beneficial effects on prevention of atherosclerosis
medicine
-
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition confers renoprotection in adriamycin nephropathy by reducing intrarenal angiotensin II and augmenting expression of N-acetylseryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline that together attenuate signaling of mitogen-activated protein kinase and its downstream proinflammatory and fibrinogenic properties
medicine
-
diabetic nephropathy can be delayed by the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
medicine
-
purified human ACE converts amyloid beta-protein1-42 to amyloid beta-protein1-40. ACE regulates Abeta1-42/Abeta1-40 ratio in vivo by converting secreted Abeta1-42 to Abeta1-40 and degrading Abetas. The upregulation of ACE activity can be a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimers disease
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Corvol, P.; Williams, T.A.; Soubrier, F.
Peptidyl dipeptidase A: angiotensin I-converting enzyme
Methods Enzymol.
248
283-305
1995
Homo sapiens, Mammalia, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Bernstein, K.E.; Martin, B.M.; Bernstein, E.A.; Linton, J.; Striker, L.; Striker, G.
The isolation of angiotensin-converting enzyme cDNA
J. Biol. Chem.
263
11021-11024
1988
Mus musculus
Buleon, M.; Allard, J.; Jaafar, A.; Praddaude, F.; Dickson, Z.; Ranera, M.T.; Pecher, C.; Girolami, J.P.; Tack, I.
Pharmacological blockade of B2-kinin receptor reduces renal protective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in db/db mice model
Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.
294
F1249-F1256
2008
Mus musculus
Molteni, A.; Heffelfinger, S.; Moulder, J.E.; Uhal, B.; Castellani, W.J.
Potential deployment of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitors and of angiotensin II type 1 and type 2 receptor blockers in cancer chemotherapy
Anticancer Agents Med. Chem.
6
451-460
2006
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Guo, Y.J.; Li, W.H.; Wu, R.; Xie, Q.; Cui, L.Q.
ACE2 overexpression inhibits angiotensin II-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in macrophages
Arch. Med. Res.
39
149-154
2008
Mus musculus
Wysocki, P.J.; Kwiatkowska, E.P.; Kazimierczak, U.; Suchorska, W.; Kowalczyk, D.W.; Mackiewicz, A.
Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, promotes growth of immunogenic tumors in mice
Clin. Cancer Res.
12
4095-4102
2006
Mus musculus
Rohit, A.; Rao, C.; Krishna, G.
Effects of captopril and losartan on thermal and chemical induced pain in mice
Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol.
50
169-174
2006
Mus musculus, Mus musculus Swiss
Shen, X.Z.; Xiao, H.D.; Li, P.; Lin, C.X.; Fuchs, S.; Bernstein, K.E.
Tissue specific expression of angiotensin converting enzyme: a new way to study an old friend
Int. Immunopharmacol.
8
171-176
2008
Mus musculus
Bahk, T.J.; Daniels, M.D.; Leon, J.S.; Wang, K.; Engman, D.M.
Comparison of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockade for the prevention of experimental autoimmune myocarditis
Int. J. Cardiol.
125
85-93
2008
Mus musculus
Zou, K.; Yamaguchi, H.; Akatsu, H.; Sakamoto, T.; Ko, M.; Mizoguchi, K.; Gong, J.S.; Yu, W.; Yamamoto, T.; Kosaka, K.; Yanagisawa, K.; Michikawa, M.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme converts amyloid beta-protein 1-42 (Abeta(1-42)) to Abeta(1-40), and its inhibition enhances brain Abeta deposition
J. Neurosci.
27
8628-8635
2007
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Tang, S.C.; Leung, J.C.; Chan, L.Y.; Eddy, A.A.; Lai, K.N.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor but not angiotensin receptor blockade or statin ameliorates murine adriamycin nephropathy
Kidney Int.
73
288-299
2008
Mus musculus
Garcia, P.; Schwenzer, S.; Slotta, J.E.; Scheuer, C.; Tami, A.E.; Holstein, J.H.; Histing, T.; Burkhardt, M.; Pohlemann, T.; Menger, M.D.
Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme stimulates fracture healing and periosteal callus formation - role of a local renin-angiotensin system
Br. J. Pharmacol.
159
1672-1680
2010
Mus musculus
Abd Alla, J.; Langer, A.; Elzahwy, S.S.; Arman-Kalcek, G.; Streichert, T.; Quitterer, U.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition down regulates the pro-atherogenic chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) - chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) axis
J. Biol. Chem.
285
23496-23505
2010
Mus musculus
Hilzendeger, A.M.; Goncalves, A.C.; Plehm, R.; Diedrich, A.; Gross, V.; Pesquero, J.B.; Bader, M.
Autonomic dysregulation in ob/ob mice is improved by inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
J. Mol. Med.
88
383-390
2010
Mus musculus
Morales, M.G.; Cabrera, D.; Cespedes, C.; Vio, C.P.; Vazquez, Y.; Brandan, E.; Cabello-Verrugio, C.
Inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme decreases skeletal muscle fibrosis in dystrophic mice by a diminution in the expression and activity of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN-2)
Cell Tissue Res.
353
173-187
2013
Mus musculus
Ye, M.; Wysocki, J.; Gonzalez-Pacheco, F.R.; Salem, M.; Evora, K.; Garcia-Halpin, L.; Poglitsch, M.; Schuster, M.; Batlle, D.
Murine recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: effect on angiotensin II-dependent hypertension and distinctive angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitor characteristics on rodent and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Hypertension
60
730-740
2012
Mus musculus
Chollet, C.; Placier, S.; Chatziantoniou, C.; Hus-Citharel, A.; Caron, N.; Roussel, R.; Alhenc-Gelas, F.; Bouby, N.
Genetically increased angiotensin I-converting enzyme alters peripheral and renal vascular reactivity to angiotensin II and bradykinin in mice
Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.
314
H350-H358
2018
Mus musculus (P09470), Mus musculus C57Bl6/J (P09470)
Gao, T.; Zhao, X.; Liu, C.; Shao, B.; Zhang, X.; Li, K.; Cai, J.; Wang, S.; Huang, X.
Somatic angiotensin I-converting enzyme regulates self-renewal of mouse spermatogonial stem cells through the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway
Stem Cells Dev.
27
1021-1032
2018
Mus musculus (P09470), Mus musculus
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