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Information on EC 3.2.1.63 - 1,2-alpha-L-fucosidase
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EC Tree
3.2.1.63 1,2-alpha-L-fucosidaseIUBMB Comments
Highly specific for non-reducing terminal L-fucose residues linked to D-galactose residues by a 1,2-alpha-linkage. Not identical with EC 3.2.1.111 1,3-alpha-L-fucosidase.
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Word Map
- 3.2.1.63
- beta-galactosidase
- alpha-mannosidase
- beta-glucuronidase
- beta-glucosidase
- alpha-galactosidase
- alpha-glucosidase
- glycosidases
- n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase
-
fucosylated
- beta-hexosaminidase
- beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase
- beta-mannosidase
- fucosidosis
- beta-xylosidase
-
3.2.1.51
- 2'-fucosyllactose
- arylamidase
- corporis
- i-cell
- lacto-n-fucopentaose
- mucolipidosis
- medicine
- biotechnology
- diagnostics
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
alpha-fucosidase, fgfco1, 1,2-alpha-l-fucosidase, alpha-l-fucosidase ii, bfo_2737, alpha1,2-fucosidase, afca protein, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
1,2-alpha-L-fucosidase
AfcA
alpha(1,2) fucosidase
alpha-(1--> 2)-L-fucosidase
-
-
-
-
alpha-L-fucosidase
alpha-L-fucosidase II
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-
-
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bfo_2737
Fuc1
FucNaFLD
fucosidase, 1,2-alpha-L-
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-
-
-
additional information
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AfcA, an inverting glycosidase, belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family GH95
1,2-alpha-L-fucosidase
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-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
methyl-2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside + H2O = L-fucose + methyl beta-D-galactoside
(Glcalpha(1-4))n + H2O = (Glcalpha(1-4))n-4 + (Glcalpha(1-4))4
stepwise reaction mechanism, the first step is the proton transfer from N423 to D766, and the second step involves the hydrolysis reaction via the inversion mechanism catalyzed by the amide group of N423. Assisted by D766, N423 serves as the general base to activate the water molecule to attack the anomeric carbon center. E566 is the general acid to facilitate the cleavage of glycosidic bond between L-fucose and galactose units. The intrinsic resonance structure for the side chain amide group of the asparagine residue is the origin to the catalytic activity
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(Glcalpha(1-4))n + H2O = (Glcalpha(1-4))n-4 + (Glcalpha(1-4))4
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methyl-2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside + H2O = L-fucose + methyl beta-D-galactoside
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methyl-2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside + H2O = L-fucose + methyl beta-D-galactoside
high specificity for non-reducing terminal L-fucose residues alpha 1,2-linked to D-galactose residues
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-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of O-glycosyl bond
hydrolysis of O-glycosyl bond
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-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside fucohydrolase
Highly specific for non-reducing terminal L-fucose residues linked to D-galactose residues by a 1,2-alpha-linkage. Not identical with EC 3.2.1.111 1,3-alpha-L-fucosidase.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37288-45-2
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2'-fucosyllactose + H2O
?
-
hydrolysis by the Fuc domain of AfcA. N423 and D766 are critical for activating an attacking water molecule and N421 is critical for maintaining the water molecule and the side-chain of E566 (a general acid) in their proper orientations
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-
?
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-fucose
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-
-
?
alpha-Fuc-(1-2)-beta-Gal-(1-3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-3)-beta-Gal-(1-4)-beta-Glc + H2O
alpha-L-fucose + beta-Gal-(1-3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-3)-beta-Gal-(1-4)-beta-Glc
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i.e. lacto-N-fucopentaose I
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?
alpha-Fuc-(1-2)-beta-Gal-(1-3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-3)-beta-Gal-(1-4-)-beta-Glc + H2O
alpha-L-fucose + beta-Gal-(1-3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-3)-beta-Gal-(1-4)-beta-Glc
Bacillus fulminans
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-
-
-
?
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-Glc + H2O
L-fucose + ?
i.e. blood group antigen H pentaose type-1, weak substrate
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-
?
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-D-Gal + H2O
L-fucose + ?
i.e. blood group antigen H-tetraose type 2
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-
?
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc + H2O
L-fucose + ?
i.e. blood group antigen H triose type-2
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-
?
beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-D-Gal
L-fucose + ?
i.e. Lewis a tetraose
-
-
?
beta-L-fucosyl fluoride + lactose + H2O
?
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Hehre resynthesis-hydrolysis is catalyzed by the wild-type Fuc domain of AfcA. Conversion of the inverting alpha-glycosidase to a glycosynthase
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-
?
Fucalpha(1-2)Galbeta(1-3)GlcNAcbeta(1-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc + H2O
L-fucose + Galbeta(1-3)GlcNAcbeta(1-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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i.e. lacto-N-fucopentaose I, at 29% of the activity with 2'-fucosyllactose
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-
?
Fucalpha(1-2)Galbeta(1-4)Glc + H2O
L-fucose + Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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i.e. 2'-fucosyllactose
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-
?
Galbeta(1-4)(Fucalpha(1-3))Glc + H2O
?
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i.e. 3-fucosyllactose, at 0.85% of the activity with 2'-fucosyllactose
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-
?
methyl-2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside + H2O
L-fucose + methyl beta-D-galactoside
N-acetyl-propargyl alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc + H2O
L-fucose + ?
i.e. blood group antigen H-pentaose type-2 beta-N-acetyl propargyl
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?
porcine gastric mucin + H2O
?
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at 33% of the activity with 2'-fucosyllactose
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-
?
submaxillary glycoprotein + H2O
L-fucose + ?
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degradation of blood group substances
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?
2'-fucosyllactose + H2O
L-fucose + lactose
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simulation of the reaction by the combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical approach. Molecular dynamics simulations and free energy profiles support that the overall reaction is a stepwise mechanism
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?
2'-L-fucosyllactose + H2O
L-fucose + lactose
reaction with recombinant Fuc domain
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?
2'-L-fucosyllactose + H2O
L-fucose + lactose
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reaction with recombinant Fuc domain
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?
2-O-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-D-galactose + H2O
L-fucose + galactose
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-
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?
2-O-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-D-galactose + H2O
L-fucose + galactose
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-
-
?
4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside + H2O
4-methylumbelliferone + L-fucopyranose
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-
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?
4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside + H2O
4-methylumbelliferone + L-fucopyranose
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?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-fucopyranose
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?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-fucopyranose
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?
alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc + H2O
L-fucose + ?
i.e. blood group antigen B-tetraose type 2, weak substrate
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-
?
alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc + H2O
L-fucose + ?
i.e. blood group antigen B-tetraose type 2, weak substrate
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-
?
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->6)-beta-D-GlcNAc + H2O
?
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the enzyme also possesses alpha(1,6) specificity on small unbranched substrates
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?
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->6)-beta-D-GlcNAc + H2O
?
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the enzyme also possesses alpha(1,6) specificity on small unbranched substrates
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?
blood group substance H + H2O
?
74% of the activity with 2'-fucosyllactose, reaction with recombinant Fuc domain
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?
blood group substance H + H2O
?
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74% of the activity with 2'-fucosyllactose, reaction with recombinant Fuc domain
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?
lacto-N-fucopentaose I + H2O
?
61% of the activity with 2'-fucosyllactose, reaction with recombinant Fuc domain
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?
lacto-N-fucopentaose I + H2O
?
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61% of the activity with 2'-fucosyllactose, reaction with recombinant Fuc domain
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?
methyl-2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside + H2O
L-fucose + methyl beta-D-galactoside
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-
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?
methyl-2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside + H2O
L-fucose + methyl beta-D-galactoside
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-
?
mucin + H2O
L-fucose + ?
Bacillus fulminans
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porcine submaxillary and glycopeptide of desialyzed mucin
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?
O-alpha-L-fucose-(1-2)-O-beta-D-galactose-(1-4)-D-glucose + H2O
L-fucose + lactose
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i.e. 2-O-alpha-L-fucosyllactose
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?
O-alpha-L-fucose-(1-2)-O-beta-D-galactose-(1-4)-D-glucose + H2O
L-fucose + lactose
Bacillus fulminans
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i.e. 2-O-alpha-L-fucosyllactose
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?
O-alpha-L-fucose-(1-2)-O-beta-D-galactose-(1-4)-D-glucose + H2O
L-fucose + lactose
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i.e. 2-O-alpha-L-fucosyllactose
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?
additional information
?
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highly specific for non-reducing terminal L-fucose residues linked to D-galactose residues by 1,2-alpha linkage
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?
additional information
?
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inductively produced in culture medium containing porcine gastric mucin, weakly induced by L-fucose and D-arabinose, but not by other sugars including D-glucose
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?
additional information
?
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the recombinant Fuc domain shows no activity with 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-fucopentaose II, lacto-N-fucopentaose V and blood group substance B
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-
?
additional information
?
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the recombinant Fuc domain shows no activity with 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-fucopentaose II, lacto-N-fucopentaose V and blood group substance B
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-
?
additional information
?
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the recombinant Fuc domain shows no activity with 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-fucopentaose II, lacto-N-fucopentaose V and blood group substance B
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-
?
additional information
?
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the recombinant Fuc domain shows no activity with 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-fucopentaose II, lacto-N-fucopentaose V and blood group substance B
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-
?
additional information
?
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not: p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucoside, 2-O-, 3-O- and 4-O-alpha-L-fucopyranosylfucoses, 3-O- and 4-O-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-D-galactoses, action on oligosaccharides and glycoproteins, not: simple methyl nitrophenyl fucosides
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-
?
additional information
?
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the enzyme does not hydrolyze other fucosyloligosaccharides like Lewisa trisaccharide, Lewisx trisaccharide, 3-fucosyl-GlcNAc, 4-fucosyl-GlcNAc, 6-fucosyl-GlcNAc or 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucoside
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?
additional information
?
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substrate specificity, overview. No activity with 3-fucosyllactose. The enzyme is also active on xyloglucan
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?
additional information
?
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substrate specificity, overview. No activity with 3-fucosyllactose. The enzyme is also active on xyloglucan
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?
additional information
?
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highly specific for non-reducing terminal L-fucose residues linked to D-galactose residues by 1,2-alpha linkage
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-
?
additional information
?
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not active with biotin-PAA-alpha-D-galactose
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-
?
additional information
?
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the alpha-L-fucosidase domain of the protein accepts both alpha1-2 and alpha1-4 linked fucosylated glycans as substrates and has high affinity for a Fuc-alpha-1,2-Gal motif
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-
?
additional information
?
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not active with biotin-PAA-alpha-D-galactose
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-
?
additional information
?
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the alpha-L-fucosidase domain of the protein accepts both alpha1-2 and alpha1-4 linked fucosylated glycans as substrates and has high affinity for a Fuc-alpha-1,2-Gal motif
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-
?
additional information
?
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the alpha(1,3) and alpha(1,4) linkages are not cleaved on 3-fucosyllactose and the Lewis A trisaccharide, respectively. The enzyme is also inactive on A antigen tetraose and alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal
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-
?
additional information
?
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the alpha(1,3) and alpha(1,4) linkages are not cleaved on 3-fucosyllactose and the Lewis A trisaccharide, respectively. The enzyme is also inactive on A antigen tetraose and alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal
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-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
submaxillary glycoprotein + H2O
L-fucose + ?
-
degradation of blood group substances
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
inductively produced in culture medium containing porcine gastric mucin, weakly induced by L-fucose and D-arabinose, but not by other sugars including D-glucose
-
-
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
no substantial effect on alpha-L-fucosidase activity upon the addition of 10 mM Mg2+
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylpiperidin-2-yl]methyl]acetamide
-
2-cyclopentyl-2-phenyl-N-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylpiperidin-2-yl]methyl]acetamide
-
3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylpiperidin-2-yl]methyl]propanamide
-
9-oxo-N-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylpiperidin-2-yl]methyl]-9H-fluorene-1-carboxamide
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alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc
i.e. blood group antigen B-tetraose type 2
alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc
i.e. blood group antigen A-tetraose type 2
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-D-GlcNAc
i.e. Lewisb tetraose
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-D-Gal
i.e. blood group antigen H-tetraose type 2
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc
i.e. blood group antigen H-triose type 2
alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)]-D-GlcNAc
i.e. Lewisy tetraose
beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-D-Gal
i.e. Lewis a tetraose
beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)]-D-Glc
i.e. Lewisa hexaose
beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-D-Gal
i.e. Lewisx tetraose
N-acetyl-propargyl alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc
i.e. blood group antigen H-pentaose type-2 beta-N-acetyl propargyl
N-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylpiperidin-2-yl]methyl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
-
N-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylpiperidin-2-yl]methyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide
-
N-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylpiperidin-2-yl]methyl]acetamide
-
additional information
no substantial effect on alpha-L-fucosidase activity upon the addition of 10 mM EDTA or 300 mM NaCl
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
1,2-alpha-l-fucosidase deficiency
Four year follow-up of a case of fucosidosis treated with unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation.
1,2-alpha-l-fucosidase deficiency
Increased urinary excretion of keratan sulfate in fucosidosis.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases in serum and synovial fluid in patients with chronic Lyme and rheumatoid arthritis.
beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase deficiency
Molecular heterogeneity in lysosomal storage diseases. Alpha-fucosidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase deficiency variants.
Candidiasis
Enhanced enzymatic activity of Candida species responsible for oral candidiasis in renal transplant recipients.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Glycosidases in normal and regenerating chicken liver, hepatoma Mc-29, Rous sarcoma, in turkey poult liver and hemocytoblastomes, provoked by the leukosis virus strain Mc-31.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Increased plasma cathepsin D concentration in hepatic carcinoma and cirrhosis but not in breast cancer.
Colonic Neoplasms
N-glycosylation status of beta-haptoglobin in sera of patients with colon cancer, chronic inflammatory diseases and normal subjects.
Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis: depressed alpha-fucosidase activity in cultured lymphoblasts.
Endometriosis
Glycosidases in the peritoneal fluid from infertile women with and without endometriosis.
Fucosidosis
A fucosidosis patient with relative longevity and a missense mutation in exon 7 of the alpha-fucosidase gene.
Fucosidosis
alpha-L-fucosidase in cultured skin fibroblasts from normal subjects and fucosidosis patients.
Fucosidosis
Biochemical and immunological characterization of a glycosylated alpha-fucosidase from the invertebrate Unio: interaction of the enzyme with its in vivo binding partners.
Fucosidosis
Four year follow-up of a case of fucosidosis treated with unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation.
Gray Platelet Syndrome
Grey platelet syndrome: studies on platelet alpha-granules, lysosomes and defective response to thrombin.
HIV Infections
Activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases in saliva of patients with HIV infection.
Infections
Semen sialic acid surge and modulation of alpha-L-fucosidase activity: possible link to loss in reproductive capacity during trypanosomiasis.
Influenza, Human
The role of carbohydrate in determining the immunochemical properties of the hemagglutinin of influenza A virus.
Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic
Influence of ethanol on the human serum level of beta-hexosaminidase.
Liver Neoplasms
[Comparative study of 3 serum markers of primary liver cancer: ferritin, alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-fucosidase]
Lysosomal Storage Diseases
Molecular heterogeneity in lysosomal storage diseases. Alpha-fucosidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase deficiency variants.
Mucolipidoses
Electrophoretic analysis of glycoprotein enzymes in the sialidoses and mucolipidoses.
Mucolipidoses
[Lysosomal hydrolase activity of the plasma and leukocytes of homo- and heterozygotes with various types of I-cell disease]
Myeloproliferative Disorders
Platelet lysosomal enzymes are normal in myeloproliferative disorders.
Neoplasms
Enzyme activity profiles in mouse teratocarcinomas. A quantitative ultramicroscale analysis.
Sarcoma, Avian
Glycosidases in normal and regenerating chicken liver, hepatoma Mc-29, Rous sarcoma, in turkey poult liver and hemocytoblastomes, provoked by the leukosis virus strain Mc-31.
Vesicular Stomatitis
Involvement of carbohydrates in vesicular stomatitis virus-cell early interaction.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.01059
4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside
at 37°C, pH not specified in the publication
2
alpha-Fuc-(1-2)-beta-Gal-(1-3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-3)-beta-Gal-(1-4-)-beta-Glc
Bacillus fulminans
-
-