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Information on EC 3.2.1.60 - glucan 1,4-alpha-maltotetraohydrolase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.2.1.60
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EC Tree 3 Hydrolases
3.2 Glycosylases
3.2.1 Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes that hydrolyse O- and S-glycosyl compounds
3.2.1.60 glucan 1,4-alpha-maltotetraohydrolase
IUBMB Comments
Compare EC 3.2.1.2 β-amylase, which removes successive maltose residues, and EC 3.2.1.98 (glucan 1,4-α-maltohexaosidase) and EC 3.2.1.116 (glucan 1,4-α-maltotriohydrolase).
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
- 3.2.1.60
- stutzeri
- starch
-
non-reducing
- alcaligenes
-
g4-forming
- maltose
- maltooligosaccharides
-
exo-type
- alpha-amylases
- fs
- 1,4-alpha-d-glucan
- maltopentaose
-
zymograms
-
bake
- flour
- amylases
- kitasatospora
-
baking
- analysis
- food industry
showSynonyms
maltotetraose-forming amylase, g4-amylase, exo-maltotetraohydrolase, maltotetraose-forming exo-amylase, maltotetraose-forming alpha-amylase, maltotetraose-producing enzyme, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
exo-malto tetraohydrolase
-
-
-
-
exo-maltotetraohydrolase
-
-
-
-
exomaltotetraohydrolase
-
-
-
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G4-amylase
G4-exo-alpha-amylase
-
-
-
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maltotetraohydrolase, exo-
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-
-
-
Maltotetraose-forming amylase
-
-
-
-
Maltotetraose-forming exo-amylase
-
-
-
-
G4-amylase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
(Glcalpha(1-4))n + H2O = (Glcalpha(1-4))n-4 + (Glcalpha(1-4))4
exo-cleavage mechanism
-
(Glcalpha(1-4))n + H2O = (Glcalpha(1-4))n-4 + (Glcalpha(1-4))4
endo-acting mechanism producing maltotetraose in the alpha-anomeric form
-
(Glcalpha(1-4))n + H2O = (Glcalpha(1-4))n-4 + (Glcalpha(1-4))4
exo-cleavage mechanism
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) GM8901
-
-
(Glcalpha(1-4))n + H2O = (Glcalpha(1-4))n-4 + (Glcalpha(1-4))4
endo-acting mechanism producing maltotetraose in the alpha-anomeric form
-
-
(Glcalpha(1-4))n + H2O = (Glcalpha(1-4))n-4 + (Glcalpha(1-4))4
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-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of O-glycosyl bond
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
4-alpha-D-glucan maltotetraohydrolase
Compare EC 3.2.1.2 beta-amylase, which removes successive maltose residues, and EC 3.2.1.98 (glucan 1,4-alpha-maltohexaosidase) and EC 3.2.1.116 (glucan 1,4-alpha-maltotriohydrolase).
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37288-44-1
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4-nitrophenyl-maltopentaoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + maltopentaose
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
amylose + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: enzyme hydrolysates of amylose contains a considerably lower concentration of reducing sugars
Products: -
Products: -
?
azurine cross-linked amylose + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
maize starch + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: the enzyme decreases the end viscosity of the maize starch suspension
Products: -
Products: -
?
starch + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is capable of producing more than 45% maltotetraose from liquefied starch under optimal conditions
Products: -
Products: -
?
amylopectin + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
amylopectin + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: recombinant and native enzyme
Products: -
Products: -
?
amylopectin + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
amylopectin + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
amylose + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: recombinant and native enzyme
Products: -
Products: -
?
glycogen + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: recombinant and native enzyme, oyster and rabbit liver glycogen
Products: -
Products: -
?
glycogen + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: oyster and shellfish glycogen
Products: -
Products: -
?
glycogen + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: oyster and shellfish glycogen
Products: -
Products: -
?
maltoheptaose + H2O
maltotetraose + maltotriose
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
maltoheptaose + H2O
maltotetraose + maltotriose
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
maltohexaose + H2O
maltotetraose + maltose
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
maltohexaose + H2O
maltotetraose + maltose
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) GM8901
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
maltohexaose + H2O
maltotetraose + maltose
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
oyster glycogen + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
starch + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: recombinant and native enzyme
Products: -
Products: -
?
starch + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: amylase A and B potato starch
Products: -
Products: -
?
starch + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: amylase A and B potato starch
Products: -
Products: -
?
starch + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
starch + H2O
maltotetraose
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: five alkaline amylases are produced in culture broth
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) GM8901
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Substrates: five alkaline amylases are produced in culture broth
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme has a low degree of multiple attack, enzyme action pattern, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
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Substrates: constitutive maltotetraose-producing amylase using glycose as carbon source
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
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Substrates: more amylase production under high hydrostatic pressure than under atmospheric pressure
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
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Substrates: constitutive maltotetraose-producing amylase using glycose as carbon source
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: more amylase production under high hydrostatic pressure than under atmospheric pressure
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: maltotriose-forming exo-amylase, enzyme exists in two forms: the 57 kDa G4-1 with a raw starch binding domain and the 46 kDa G4-2, which is a spontaneous hydrolysis product of G4-1 lacking the raw starch binding domain, domain structure
Products: -
Products: -
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
starch + H2O
maltotetraose + ?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is capable of producing more than 45% maltotetraose from liquefied starch under optimal conditions
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: five alkaline amylases are produced in culture broth
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) GM8901
-
Substrates: five alkaline amylases are produced in culture broth
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: more amylase production under high hydrostatic pressure than under atmospheric pressure
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: more amylase production under high hydrostatic pressure than under atmospheric pressure
Products: -
Products: -
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
N-bromosuccinimide
-
F1 form, pH 6.5 complete inhibition, pH 8.0, 93% inhibition, F2 form, pH 6.5, 95% inhibition, pH 8.0, 28% inhibition
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
-
1 mM, 4°C, 10 h incubation, 76% inhibition
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4 - 9
-
recombinant and native enzyme, pH 4.0, 30%, pH 9.0, 50% of maximal activity
4.5 - 10.5
-
95% of maximum activity at pH 7 and pH 9.5, pH 4.5, 40% of maximal activity, pH 10.5, 82% of maximal activity
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
45
50
60
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
25 - 65
-
F1 and F2 form 25°C, 60% of maximal activity, 65°C, 20% of maximal activity
30 - 80
-
30°C, 40% of maximal activity, 80°C, 20% of maximal activity
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). G0QS11_ICHMG
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (strain G5)
357
0
41739
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
G0QPD3_ICHMG
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (strain G5)
91
0
11141
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
G0QS73_ICHMG
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (strain G5)
1044
0
123816
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM