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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments Most forms of the enzyme can rapidly hydrolyse 1,6-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds when the next bond in the sequence is 1,4, and some preparations of this enzyme hydrolyse 1,6- and 1,3-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds in other polysaccharides. This entry covers all such enzymes acting on polysaccharides more rapidly than on oligosaccharides. EC 3.2.1.20 alpha-glucosidase, from mammalian intestine, can catalyse similar reactions.
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Thermomyces lanuginosus The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
glucoamylase, amyloglucosidase, acid maltase, maltase-glucoamylase, lysosomal alpha-glucosidase, maltase glucoamylase, gamma-amylase, glucose amylase, gam-1, glucoamylase p,
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1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucohydrolase
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-
-
-
alpha-1,4-glucan glucohydrolase
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-
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exo-1,4-alpha-glucosidase
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-
-
-
Glucan 1,4-alpha-glucosidase
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-
-
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lysosomal alpha-glucosidase
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-
-
-
Meiotic expression upregulated protein 17
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-
-
-
glucoamylase
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-
-
-
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4-alpha-D-glucan glucohydrolase
Most forms of the enzyme can rapidly hydrolyse 1,6-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds when the next bond in the sequence is 1,4, and some preparations of this enzyme hydrolyse 1,6- and 1,3-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds in other polysaccharides. This entry covers all such enzymes acting on polysaccharides more rapidly than on oligosaccharides. EC 3.2.1.20 alpha-glucosidase, from mammalian intestine, can catalyse similar reactions.
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amylopectin + H2O
amylopectin + beta-D-glucose
94% of activity with amylose
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-
?
amylose + H2O
amylose + beta-D-glucose
preferred substrate
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-
?
glycogen + H2O
glycogen + beta-D-glucose
87% of activity with amylose
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-
?
maltose + H2O
2 D-glucose
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-
-
?
maltose + H2O
beta-D-glucose + D-glucose
14% of activity with amylose
-
-
?
maltotriose + H2O
maltose + beta-D-glucose
40% of activity with amylose
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucose
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-
-
-
?
amylopectin + H2O
D-glucose + ?
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-
-
-
?
dextrin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
glycogen + H2O
glucose + ?
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-
-
-
?
maltose + H2O
2 glucose
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-
-
-
?
maltose + H2O
D-glucose + ?
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-
-
-
?
maltotriose + H2O
maltose + glucose
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hydrolysis by a multi-chain mechanism
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-
?
p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
p-nitrophenol + D-glucose
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-
-
-
?
additional information
?
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-
no hydrolysis of alpha-1,6 linkages
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-
?
starch + H2O
glucose + ?
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soluble
-
?
starch + H2O
glucose + ?
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soluble
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-
?
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Ba2+
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stimulates activity
Ca2+
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stimulates activity
Co2+
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stimulates activity
Cu2+
-
inhibitor and activator
Fe2+
-
stimulates activity
Mg2+
-
stimulates activity
Mn2+
-
inhibitor and activator
Na+
-
stimulates activity
Sn2+
-
stimulates activity
Zn2+
-
inhibitor and activator
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1,2,7-trihydroxyindolizidine
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-
1,7-dihydroxyindolizidine
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-
2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol
-
-
4-chloromercuribenzoate
-
-
D-glucono-1,5-lactone
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non-competitive
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3.5
maltose
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values about 0.8 mg/ml for starch
2.75
p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucoside
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-
additional information
additional information
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-
-
3.5
maltose
pH 5.0, 70°C
3.5
maltose
-
pH 5.0, 70°C
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25.3
maltose
pH 5.0, 70°C
25.3
maltose
-
pH 5.0, 70°C
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5
-
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70
-
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3.84
isoelectric focusing
3.84
-
isoelectric focusing
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SwissProt
brenda
precursor; gene gla1
SwissProt
brenda
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-
-
-
brenda
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Q58HN1_THELA
617
0
66644
TrEMBL
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1 )
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66000
x * 66000, SDS-PAGE
55000
-
1 * 55000, SDS-PAGE
additional information
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values about 66000, 70000, 75000
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monomer
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1 * 55000, SDS-PAGE
additional information
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two protein bands with MW of 70000 Da and 76000 Da are deteced by SDS-PAGE
?
x * 66000, SDS-PAGE
?
x * 66000, SDS-PAGE, x * 66400, calculated
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glycoprotein
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-
glycoprotein
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contains 10-12% carbohydrate
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50
-
6 h, completly stable
60
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pH 6.0, 6 h, about 40% loss of activity, half-life: 7.3 h
70
-
pH 6.0, half-life: 30 min
80
-
pH 6.0, half-life: 10 min
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after treatment with 4 M guanidinium chloride, gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 column results in 50% loss of activity
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after treatment with 8 M urea, gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 column results in complete recovery of activity
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stable to treatment with 1.5% SDS
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ion exchange and gel filtration
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expression in Pichia pastoris
gene gla1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression in Pichia pastoris, phylogenetic analysis
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food industry
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ethanol production, production of sugars
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Jensen, B.; Olsen, J.; Allermann, K.
Purification of extracellular amylolytic enzymes from the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus
Can. J. Microbiol.
34
218-223
1988
Thermomyces lanuginosus
-
brenda
Manjunath, P.; Shenoy, B.C.; Raghavendra Roa, M.R.
Fungal glucoamylases
J. Appl. Biochem.
5
235-260
1983
Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus foetidus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus phoenicis, Acremonium charticola, Amorphotheca resinae, Coniophora cerebella, Endomyces sp., Thermomyces lanuginosus, Pyricularia grisea, Mucor rouxianus, Rhizopus arrhizus
brenda
Basaveswara Rao, V.; Sastri, N.V.S.; Subba Rao, P.V.
Purification and characterization of a thermostable glucoamylase from the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus
Biochem. J.
193
379-387
1981
Thermomyces lanuginosus, Thermomyces lanuginosus ML-M
brenda
Thorsen, T.S.; Johnsen, A.H.; Josefsen, K.; Jensen, B.
Identification and characterization of glucoamylase from the fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1764
671-676
2006
Thermomyces lanuginosus (Q58HN1), Thermomyces lanuginosus
brenda
Kumar, P.; Satyanarayana, T.
Microbial glucoamylases: characteristics and applications
Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.
29
225-255
2009
Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus phoenicis, Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus terreus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Moesziomyces antarcticus, Cephalosporium eichhorniae, Thermochaetoides thermophila, Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus, Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum, Curvularia lunata, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Endomycopsis fibuligera, Fusarium solani, Thermomyces lanuginosus, Humicola sp., Monascus sp. (in: Fungi), Mucor circinelloides, Mucor javanicus, Neurospora crassa, Paecilomyces variotii, Rhizopus arrhizus, Rhizopus sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae 'var. diastaticus', Schwanniomyces castellii, Mycothermus thermophilus, Saccharolobus solfataricus, Thermoplasma acidophilum, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Thielaviopsis paradoxa, Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae, Picrophilus torridus, Arthrobotrys amerospora, Lentinula edodes L-54, Aspergillus awamori (Q12537)
brenda
Thorsen, T.S.; Johnsen, A.H.; Josefsen, K.; Jensen, B.
Identification and characterization of glucoamylase from the fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1764
671-676
2006
Thermomyces lanuginosus (Q58HN1), Thermomyces lanuginosus
brenda