Chitosan is a partially or totally N-deacetylated chitin derivative that is found in the cell walls of some phytopathogenic fungi and comprises D-glucosamine residues with a variable content of GlcNAc residues . Acts specifically on chitooligosaccharides and chitosan, having maximal activity on chitotetraose, chitopentaose and their corresponding alcohols . The enzyme can degrade GlcN-GlcNAc but not GlcNAc-GlcNAc . A member of the glycoside hydrolase family 2 (GH-2) .
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Amycolatopsis orientalis The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
chitosan exo-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosaminidase
Chitosan is a partially or totally N-deacetylated chitin derivative that is found in the cell walls of some phytopathogenic fungi and comprises D-glucosamine residues with a variable content of GlcNAc residues [4]. Acts specifically on chitooligosaccharides and chitosan, having maximal activity on chitotetraose, chitopentaose and their corresponding alcohols [1]. The enzyme can degrade GlcN-GlcNAc but not GlcNAc-GlcNAc [3]. A member of the glycoside hydrolase family 2 (GH-2) [4].
at first, the enzyme predominantly produces D-glucosamine and chitotriose, which is further degraded into D-glucosamine and chitobiose. The transglycosylation product, chitopentaose, is also produced, together with a lesser amount of chitohexaose
(GlcN)3-GlcNAc (mono-N-acetylated chitotetraose, the reducing end residue is N-acetylated) is at first degraded into (GlcN)2-GlcNAc, and then into GlcN-GlcNAc. After a longer incubation period, the substrate is finally hydrolyzed into monosaccharides, GlcN and GlcNAc
(GlcN)3-GlcNAc is a mono-N-acetylated chitotetraose, the reducing end residue is N-acetylated. D-glucosamine is produced from the nonreducing end together with the transglycosylation products
no activity is detectable against p-nitrophenyl derivatives of beta-D-glucopyranoside, beta-D-xylopyranoside, beta-D-mannoside, beta-D-glucuronide, beta-D-galactoside, beta-D-N-acetylgalactosaminide, beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminide and alpha-D-N-acetylglucosaminide
no activity is detectable against p-nitrophenyl derivatives of beta-D-glucopyranoside, beta-D-xylopyranoside, beta-D-mannoside, beta-D-glucuronide, beta-D-galactoside, beta-D-N-acetylgalactosaminide, beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminide and alpha-D-N-acetylglucosaminide
cleaving nonreducing beta-D-glucosamine residues of oligosaccharides, highly specific due to pocket for N2 group of glucosaminidase discriminating it from glucose
cleaving nonreducing beta-D-glucosamine residues of oligosaccharides, highly specific due to pocket for N2 group of glucosaminidase discriminating it from glucose
Chitosanases hydrolyze beta-1,4-glycosidic linkage of chitosan, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of D-glucosamine with a variable content of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
cleaving nonreducing beta-D-glucosamine residues of oligosaccharides, highly specific due to pocket for N2 group of glucosaminidase discriminating it from glucose
cleaving nonreducing beta-D-glucosamine residues of oligosaccharides, highly specific due to pocket for N2 group of glucosaminidase discriminating it from glucose
Chitosanases hydrolyze beta-1,4-glycosidic linkage of chitosan, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of D-glucosamine with a variable content of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
real-time MS as high sensitivity method to measure chitosanase activity quickly and with low substrate concentration, simultaneous detection of substrate and product
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
E541A mutant in complex with a natural β-1,4-D-glucosamine tetrasaccharide substrate and both E541A and D469A mutants in complex with a pNP-beta-D-glucosaminide synthetic substrate