Information on EC 3.2.1.146 - beta-galactofuranosidase

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The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms

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EC NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
3.2.1.146
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
beta-galactofuranosidase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-galactofuranosides, releasing galactose
show the reaction diagram
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
hydrolysis
hydrolysis of O-glycosyl bond
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-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
beta-D-galactofuranoside hydrolase
The enzyme from Helminthosporium sacchari detoxifies helminthosporoside, a bis(digalactosyl)terpene produced by this fungus, by releasing its four molecules of bound galactose.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
52357-57-0
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
enzyme is induced in the presence of galactofuranoside containing glycoconjugates
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Helminthosporium saccharii
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Helminthosporium victoriae
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-O-(p-nitrophenyl)-beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
p-nitrophenol + beta-D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
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-
-
-
?
1-O-methyl-beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
methanol + beta-D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
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-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl 5-deoxy-beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
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substrate with low affinity
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?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
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NaOAc buffer, pH 4.9, 37Ā°C
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-
?
beta-D-(1->5) galactofuranose tetramer + H2O
beta-D-(1->5) galactofuranose trimer + D-galactose
show the reaction diagram
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?
Helminthosporium sacchari toxin + H2O
Helminthosporium sacchari toxin + D-galactose
show the reaction diagram
Helminthosporium saccharii
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enzyme cleaves only the terminal unit of galactose
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?
methyl beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
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tritium-labeled, synthesized from D-galacturonic acid
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?
methyl beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
methanol + beta-D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
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?
methyl-beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
methanol + D-galactose
show the reaction diagram
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-
-
?
p-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
p-nitrophenol + D-galactose
show the reaction diagram
p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactofuranoside + H2O
p-nitrophenol + beta-D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
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?
peptidophosphogalactomannan + H2O
peptidophosphogalactomannan + D-galactose
show the reaction diagram
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?
peptidophosphogalactomannan pP2GM + H2O
beta-D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
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?
tri-beta-D-(1,5)-galactofuranooligosaccharide + tetra-beta-D-(1,5)-galactofuranooligosaccharide + H2O
beta-D-galactofuranose
show the reaction diagram
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a mixture of tri-beta-D-(1,5)-galactofuranooligosaccharide and tetra-beta-D-(1,5)-galactofuranooligosaccharide
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?
additional information
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
peptidophosphogalactomannan + H2O
peptidophosphogalactomannan + D-galactose
show the reaction diagram
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme could be important for the processing of parasite glycoconjugates and thus for regulation of the interaction with the triatomine vector
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-6-S-(D-galactofuranosyl)-6-thio-alpha-D-galactopyranose
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pH 4.9, 37Ā°C, 80% enzyme activity at 0.3 mM, beyond that about 75% enzyme activity, 0.2-1.0 mM inhibitor
2-propyl 3-deoxy-4-S-(beta-D-galactofuranosyl)-4-thio-alpha-D-xylo-hexopyranoside
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pH 4.9, 37Ā°C, weak inhibitory activity, about 85% enzyme activity at 1 mM, 0.2-1.0 mM inhibitor
4-aminophenyl beta-D-1-thio-galactofuranose
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4-methylphenyl 1-thio-beta-D-galactofuranoside
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low inhibitory activity with 30% inhibition at 0.25 mM
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-1-thio-galactofuranose
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D-galactono-1,4-lactone
methyl 6-S-(alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl)-6-thio-alpha-D-galactopyranoside
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pH 4.9, 37Ā°C, 80% enzyme activity at 0.3 mM, beyond that about 75% enzyme activity, 0.2-1.0 mM inhibitor
methyl 6-S-(beta-D-galactofuranosyl)-6-thio-alpha-D-galactopyranoside
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pH 4.9, 37Ā°C, 80% enzyme activity at 0.3 mM, beyond that about 65% enzyme activity, 0.2-1.0 mM inhibitor
methyl 6-S-(beta-D-galactofuranosyl)-6-thio-alpha-D-glucopyranoside
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pH 4.9, 37Ā°C, weak inhibitory activity, about 85% enzyme activity at 1 mM, 0.2-1.0 mM inhibitor
methyl 6-S-(beta-D-galactofuranosyl)-6-thio-beta-D-galactofuranoside
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a (1->6)-linked thiodisaccharide formed by two galactofuranosyl units, synthesis and conformational analysis, overview. A competitive inhibitor of the beta-galactofuranosidase
additional information
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2.6
1-O-methyl-beta-D-galactofuranoside
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40°C, pH 4
1.29
4-nitrophenyl 5-deoxy-beta-D-galactofuranoside
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in 66 mM NaOAc buffer (pH 4.9), at 37°C
0.31
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactofuranoside
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in 66 mM NaOAc buffer (pH 4.9), at 37°C
0.31 - 3.87
p-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactofuranoside
0.8
peptidophosphogalactomannan pP2GM
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40°C, pH 4
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
29
1-O-methyl-beta-D-galactofuranoside
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40°C, pH 4
14
peptidophosphogalactomannan pP2GM
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40°C, pH 4
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.08
4-aminophenyl beta-D-1-thio-galactofuranose
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pH 4.6, 37°C
0.6
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-1-thio-galactofuranose
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pH 4.6, 37°C
10
D-galactono-1,4-lactone
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pH 4.6, 37°C
3.62
methyl 6-S-(beta-D-galactofuranosyl)-6-thio-beta-D-galactofuranoside
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pH 4.6, 37°C
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IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.02
D-galactono-1,4-lactone
Penicillium fellutanum
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pH 4.9, 37Ā°C, reference inhibitor
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
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LITERATURE
1
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extracellular polysaccharides of Penicillium digitatum as substrate
6.77
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with 70% galactose in substrate peptidophosphogalactomannan
additional information
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enzyme activity is low during logarithmic growth of a culture medium of Aspergillus fumigatus (about 0.2 to 0.4 U/liter) and increases during the lytical phase. Maximal activity is the lowest at higher pHs, being 1.4 U/liter at pH 7.1 to 7.4 and 2.6 U/liter at pH 7.4 and higher at low pHs, being 5.4 U/liter at pH 3.6 to 4.4 and 4.9 U/liter at pH 5.0. Activity is even higher when grown on 25 mM of glucose at pH 5.0, being 11.6 U/liter
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
3 - 6
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enzyme from Penicillium fellutanum, sharp drop at pH 8.0 or above
4 - 4.5
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
40 - 60
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40°C: maximal activity, 60°C: about 60% of maximal activity
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
4.35
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isoelectric focusing, pH-range 4.0-6.5
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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filtered medium of stationary Penicillium fellutanum culture as source for substrate and enzyme
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
35000
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SDS-PAGE
90000
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SDS-PAGE
150000
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
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POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
glycoprotein
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
3 - 10
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208533
4 - 5
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24°C, 24 h, optimal stability
663685
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
25°C, 66 mM acetate buffer pH 4, 1 week, 20% loss in activity
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
affinity chromatography on Sepharose 4B-peptidophosphogalactomannan
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culture filtrate of Penicillium fellutanum, DEAE-Sepharose, 4-aminophenyl 1-thio-beta-D-galactofuranoside-Sepharose
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dialysed culture filtrate, Sepharose-Q, NeobarAQ-1, Neobar AQ-2, Superose-12, GNA-agarose
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purified from Glucanex, a crude enzyme preparation isolated from Trichoderma harzianum
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
beta-galactofuranosidase activity is about 20fold decreased in the Aspergillus fumigatus mutant strain lacking calcineurin A after 96 h of growth
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
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LITERATURE
molecular biology
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labeled substrate to detect galactofuranosidase activity, galactofuranose metabolism is a potential target for chemotherapeutic agents to fight microbial infections
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 3.2.1.146)
ExplorEnz
ExPASy
KEGG
MetaCyc
SABIO-RK
NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature
PROSITE Database of protein families and domains
InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)