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Information on EC 3.1.6.1 - arylsulfatase (type I) and Organism(s) Homo sapiens and UniProt Accession Q6UWY0

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EC Tree
     3 Hydrolases
         3.1 Acting on ester bonds
             3.1.6 Sulfuric-ester hydrolases
                3.1.6.1 arylsulfatase (type I)
IUBMB Comments
Sulfatase enzymes are classified as type I, in which the key catalytic residue is 3-oxo-L-alanine, type II, which are non-heme iron-dependent dioxygenases, or type III, whose catalytic domain adopts a metallo-beta-lactamase fold and binds two zinc ions as cofactors. Arylsulfatases are type I enzymes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, with rather similar specificities. The key catalytic residue 3-oxo-L-alanine initiates the reaction through a nucleophilic attack on the sulfur atom in the substrate. This residue is generated by posttranslational modification of a conserved cysteine or serine residue by EC 1.8.3.7, formylglycine-generating enzyme, EC 1.1.98.7, serine-type anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme, or EC 1.8.98.7, cysteine-type anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme.
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This record set is specific for:
Homo sapiens
UNIPROT: Q6UWY0
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
Synonyms
sulfatase, arylsulfatase a, arylsulfatase, arylsulphatase, arylsulfatase b, arylsulphatase a, estrogen sulfatase, ars-a, arylsulfatase e, arylsulfatase g, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
arylsulfatase K
-
4-methylumbelliferyl sulfatase
-
-
-
-
ARS
-
-
-
-
ARS-A
-
-
ARS-B
-
-
ARSE
-
-
Aryl-sulfate sulphohydrolase
-
-
-
-
arylsufatase B
-
arylsulfatase
-
-
-
-
arylsulfatase A
-
-
arylsulfatase B
-
-
arylsulfatase E
-
-
arylsulfatase G
-
-
arylsulfohydrolase
-
-
-
-
arylsulphatase
-
-
-
-
arylsulphatase A
-
-
estrogen sulfatase
-
-
-
-
KIAA1001
-
-
nitrocatechol sulfatase
-
-
-
-
p-nitrophenyl sulfatase
-
-
-
-
phenolsulfatase
-
-
-
-
phenylsulfatase
-
-
-
-
sulfatase
sulfatase, aryl-
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of sulfuric ester
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
aryl-sulfate sulfohydrolase
Sulfatase enzymes are classified as type I, in which the key catalytic residue is 3-oxo-L-alanine, type II, which are non-heme iron-dependent dioxygenases, or type III, whose catalytic domain adopts a metallo-beta-lactamase fold and binds two zinc ions as cofactors. Arylsulfatases are type I enzymes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, with rather similar specificities. The key catalytic residue 3-oxo-L-alanine initiates the reaction through a nucleophilic attack on the sulfur atom in the substrate. This residue is generated by posttranslational modification of a conserved cysteine or serine residue by EC 1.8.3.7, formylglycine-generating enzyme, EC 1.1.98.7, serine-type anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme, or EC 1.8.98.7, cysteine-type anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9016-17-5
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4-nitrocatechol sulfate + H2O
4-nitrocatechol + sulfate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl sulfate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + sulfate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
4-methylumbelliferyl sulfate + H2O
4-methylumbelliferol + sulfate
show the reaction diagram
4-nitrocatechol sulfate + H2O
4-nitrocatechol + sulfate
show the reaction diagram
4-nitrophenyl sulfate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + sulfate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
phosphate
-
phosphate
-
acts as a strong, competitive ASG inhibitor, inhibition of ASG by phosphate is much stronger than by sulfate
sulfate
-
-
warfarin
-
-
additional information
-
ASG is not inhibited by warfarin even at concentrations close to the solubility limit
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
10.9 - 20.6
4-nitrocatechol sulfate
0.21 - 2.9
4-nitrocatechol sulfate
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2.4
phosphate
Homo sapiens
pH 4.6, 37°C
2.9
sulfate
Homo sapiens
pH 4.6, 37°C
0.05
phosphate
Homo sapiens
-
at 10 mM 4-nitrocatechol sulfate
0.001
sulfate
Homo sapiens
-
at 10 mM 4-nitrocatechol sulfate
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
4.07
-
arylsulfatase B
4.82
-
arylsulfatase A
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
5.2
-
arylsulfatase A
5.4
-
for the reaction with 4-nitrocatechol sulfate
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
4 - 6
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
45 - 50
-
ASG cleaves 4-nitrocatechol sulfate most efficiently at 45-50°C
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
high level of expression
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
high level of expression
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
enzyme expression is unaltered in cancer tissue compared to nonmalignant tissue
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
very low enzymic activity at 41 weeks of gestation, which reduce to a half at 42 weeks of gestation, while values of sulfatide concentrations increase
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
primary epithelial cell, highest activity of galacose 6-sulfatase and aryl sulfatase B of all the cell lines tested
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
highest expression
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
enzyme expression is unaltered in breast cancer tissue compared to nonmalignant tissue
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
remarkably low activity of arylsulfatase A, arylsulfatase B, galacose 6-sulfatase and steryl sulfatase, but not iduronate 2-sulfatase
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
primary myoepithelial cell, highest activity of steryl sulfatase and aryl sulfatase B of all the cell lines tested
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
highest expression
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
remarkably low activity of arylsulfatase A, arylsulfatase B, galacose 6-sulfatase and steryl sulfatase, but not iduronate 2-sulfatase
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
protein carries mannose 6-phosphate, indicating lysosomal sorting
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
malfunction
physiological function
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
ARSK_HUMAN
536
1
61450
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
68000
x * 68000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant glycoprotein, cellular form
70000
x * 70000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant glycoprotein, secreted form
107000
-
arylsulfatase A, gel filtration
51000
-
arylsulfatase B, gel filtration
63000
-
SDS-PAGE
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
monomer
-
1 * 63000, active enzyme, SDS-PAGE
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
glycoprotein
when expressed in human cells, isoform ArsK is detected as a 68-kDa glycoprotein carrying at least four N-glycans of both the complex and high-mannose type. Protein carries mannose 6-phosphate, indicating lysosomal sorting
glycoprotein
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
C80A
about 20% of wild-type activity at neutral pH, about 5% of wild-type activity at pH optimum
G137A
-
the mutation is associated with X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata
I40S
-
the mutation is associated with X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata
N350S
mutant exhibits a consistent degree of unfolding, which may be related to its in vitro reduced stability
P578S
-
the mutation is associated with X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata
T409M
-
the mutation is associated with X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata
W124G
-
naturally occurring missense mutation causing ARSA deficiency, isolated from two Tunisian patients with late infantile metachromatic leukodystrophy, MLD
additional information
-
intracerebral injection of a serotype 5 adeno-associated vector, AAV2-5, encoding human ARSA in ARSA-deficient mice corrects the biochemical, neuropathological and behavioral abnormalities. Injection in the right hemisphere and into three selected areas of the centrum semiovale white matter, or in the deep gray matter nuclei, caudate nucleus, putamen, thalamus, of six non-human primates, Macaca fascicularis, to evaluate vector distribution, as well as expression and activity of human ARSA, overview. ARSA enzyme is expressed in multiple interconnected brain areas and ARSA activity is increased by 12-38% in a brain volume that corresponded to 50–65% of injected hemisphere
pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
4
-
below pH 4 in presence of 1% SDS arylsulfatase A is irreversibly converted into inactive subunits
135529
additional information
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
55
-
ASG activity is retained even at relatively high temperatures above 55°C
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
4°C, pH 6.0, half-life of more than 100 days
-
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
arylsulfatase A and B
-
Ni-NTA column chromatography and HisTrap column chromatography
-
retroviral expressed enzyme purified with ion-exchange DEAE-cellulose chromatography followed by immuno-affinity purification using a polyclonal antibody against arylsulfatase A sequence
-
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression in HEK-293 cells
ARS-A and ARS-B, quantitative real-time RT-PCR expression analysis
-
ARSA, cloning of the coding sequence of the human ARSA cDNA tagged with HA epitope in C-terminus into viral serotype 5 adeno-associated vector, AAV2-5
-
ARSA, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis of wild-type and mutant
-
expressed in COS-7 cells
-
expressed in HT-1080 cells
-
retroviral expression system
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
medicine
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Shapira, E.; Nadler, H.L.
Purification and some properties of soluble human liver arylsulfatases
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
170
179-187
1975
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Strobel, G.; Werle, E.; Weicker, H.
Isomer specifici kinetics of dopamine beta-hydroxylase and arylsulfatase towards catecholamine sulfates
Biochem. Int.
20
343-351
1990
Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bognar, S.K.; Foretic, B.; Furac, I.; Vukelic, Z.; Grubesic, Z.
Kinetics and activity of arylsulfatase A in leukocytes derived from patients with cerebral palsy
Acta Pharm.
56
95-104
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Martino, S.; Consiglio, A.; Cavalieri, C.; Tiribuzi, R.; Costanzi, E.; Severini, G.M.; Emiliani, C.; Bordignon, C.; Orlacchio, A.
Expression and purification of a human, soluble arylsulfatase A for Metachromatic Leukodystrophy enzyme replacement therapy
J. Biotechnol.
117
243-251
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bhattacharyya, S.; Tobacman, J.K.
Steroid sulfatase, arylsulfatases A and B, galactose-6-sulfatase, and iduronate sulfatase in mammary cells and effects of sulfated and non-sulfated estrogens on sulfatase activity
J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.
103
20-34
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Baldoni, E.; Traini, E.; Tomassoni, D.; Indraccolo, U.; Indraccolo, S.R.; Vitaioli, L.
Biochemical determinations of arylsulphatase A activity and sulphatide concentrations in decidua of women at 41 and 42 weeks of gestation
Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol.
134
24-28
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Nino, M.; Matos-Miranda, C.; Maeda, M.; Chen, L.; Allanson, J.; Armour, C.; Greene, C.; Kamaluddeen, M.; Rita, D.; Medne, L.; Zackai, E.; Mansour, S.; Superti-Furga, A.; Lewanda, A.; Bober, M.; Rosenbaum, K.; Braverman, N.
Clinical and molecular analysis of arylsulfatase E in patients with brachytelephalangic chondrodysplasia punctata
Am. J. Med. Genet. A
146A
997-1008
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Frese, M.A.; Schulz, S.; Dierks, T.
Arylsulfatase G, a novel lysosomal sulfatase
J. Biol. Chem.
283
11388-11395
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Miksits, M.; Wlcek, K.; Svoboda, M.; Thalhammer, T.; Ellinger, I.; Stefanzl, G.; Falany, C.N.; Szekeres, T.; Jaeger, W.
Expression of sulfotransferases and sulfatases in human breast cancer: impact on resveratrol metabolism
Cancer Lett.
289
237-245
2010
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Colle, M.A.; Piguet, F.; Bertrand, L.; Raoul, S.; Bieche, I.; Dubreil, L.; Sloothaak, D.; Bouquet, C.; Moullier, P.; Aubourg, P.; Cherel, Y.; Cartier, N.; Sevin, C.
Efficient intracerebral delivery of AAV5 vector encoding human ARSA in non-human primate
Hum. Mol. Genet.
19
147-158
2010
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Dorboz, I.; Eymard-Pierre, E.; Kefi, R.; Abdelhak, S.; Miladi, N.; Boespflug-Tanguy, O.; Boespflug-Tanguy, O.
Identification of a new arylsulfatase A (ARSA) gene mutation in Tunisian patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD)
J. Neurol. Sci.
287
278-280
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Indraccolo, U.; Traini, E.; Baldoni, E.; Indraccolo, S.R.; Vitaioli, L.
Arylsulphatase A activity and sulphatide concentration in placenta, membranes and cord after delivery
J. Perinat. Med.
37
497-502
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Morena, F.; di Girolamo, I.; Emiliani, C.; Gritti, A.; Biffi, A.; Martino, S.
A new analytical bench assay for the determination of arylsulfatase A activity toward galactosyl-3-sulfate ceramide: implication for metachromatic leukodystrophy diagnosis
Anal. Chem.
86
473-481
2014
Homo sapiens (P15289), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wiegmann, E.M.; Westendorf, E.; Kalus, I.; Pringle, T.H.; Luebke, T.; Dierks, T.
Arylsulfatase K, a novel lysosomal sulfatase
J. Biol. Chem.
288
30019-30028
2013
Homo sapiens (Q6UWY0), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Virgens, M.Y.; Pol-Fachin, L.; Verli, H.; Saraiva-Pereira, M.L.
Effects of glycosylation and pH conditions in the dynamics of human arylsulfatase A
J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn.
32
567-579
2014
Homo sapiens (P15289), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yoo, M.; Khaled, M.; Gibbs, K.M.; Kim, J.; Kowalewski, B.; Dierks, T.; Schachner, M.
Arylsulfatase B improves locomotor function after mouse spinal cord injury
PLoS ONE
8
e57415
2013
Homo sapiens (P15848), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team