Any feedback?
Information on EC 3.1.3.21 - glycerol-1-phosphatase and Organism(s) Saccharomyces cerevisiae and UniProt Accession P41277
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.1.3.21Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
EC Tree
3.1.3.21 glycerol-1-phosphataseIUBMB Comments
The Dunaliella enzyme acts more rapidly on sn-glycerol 1-phosphate than on the 3-phosphate. The enzyme from yeast also acts on propane-1,2-diol 1-phosphate, but not on a variety of other phosphate esters.
Specify your search results
Word Map
- 3.1.3.21
- dihydroxyacetone
- smelt
-
dissimilation
- mordax
-
osmerus
- 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate
-
antifreeze
- synthesis
- biotechnology
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
glycerol-3-phosphatase, glycerol 3-phosphatase, g3pase, rv1692, gpp2p, dl-glycerol-3-phosphatase, glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase, gpp1p, alpha-glycerol phosphatase, ynl010w, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
alpha-glycerol phosphatase
-
-
-
-
alpha-glycerophosphatase
-
-
-
-
DL-glycerol-3-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol phosphate phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-1-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-3-P-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-3-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-3-phosphate phosphohydrolase
-
-
-
-
Gpp1p
-
-
-
-
Gpp2p
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
glycerol-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase
The Dunaliella enzyme acts more rapidly on sn-glycerol 1-phosphate than on the 3-phosphate. The enzyme from yeast also acts on propane-1,2-diol 1-phosphate, but not on a variety of other phosphate esters.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37228-75-4
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate, stereospecific for L-isomer
-
-
?
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
no stereospecificity
-
?
glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
enzyme activity of GPP2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae used for production of glycerol and 1,3-propanediol in engineered Klebsiella pneumonia
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
mutants lacking both GPP1 and GPP2 isogenes are devoid of enzyme activity
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme is required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
mutants lacking both GPP1 and GPP2 isogenes are devoid of enzyme activity
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme is required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
metal-binding agents
-
required for stable activity of purified enzyme
-
surface-active agents
-
required for stable activity of purified enzyme
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
-
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
changes in glucose, glycerol and 2,3-butanediol determined in engineered bacteria, new metabolic pathway of glucose via glycerol to 1,3-propanediol constructed, effect of pH on production of 1,3-propanediol, effect of dihydroxyacetone and pH, comparison of enzyme activities growing on different substrates, successful introduction of a glycerol pathway of yeast into Klebsiella pneumoniae
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
-
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
6.5
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
GPP1; wild-type W303-1A, double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
SwissProt
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
strict specificity avoids interference with plethora of phosphorylated metabolites in the metabolic network
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
physiological function
Pyp1 activity is important for yeast to maintain phosphoglucose isomerase activity in the presence of environmental sugar alcohols. Pyp1 expression is strongly positively correlated with yeast growth rate. Deletion of Pyp1 leads to accumulation of octulose-8-phosphate, ribitol-5-phosphate, and erythritol-4-phosphate
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
monomer
-
gel filtration and non-denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
additional information
double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
additional information
-
double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
additional information
-
mutants lacking both GPP1 and GPP2 isogenes are devoid of glycerol 3-phosphatase activity and produce only a small amount of glycerol, exhibit strong osmosensitivity, and arrest growth when shifted to anaerobic conditions
additional information
double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
additional information
double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
additional information
-
double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANIC SOLVENT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Ethanol
-
only in the presence of Mg2+, pH range from 7.0-8.5 and temperature below 0°C
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, plasmid pUG7, double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, plasmid pUG7, double mutant YA103, devoid of GPP1 and GPP2
gpp2 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transformed into KG1 strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, puc18K vector
two isogenes are differentially expressed under conditions of osmotic and anaerobic stress and that the expression of gene 1 is under strong influence of protein kinase A activity
-
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Pyp1 expression is strongly positively correlated with yeast growth rate
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
biotechnology
production of 1,3-propanediol from glucose in engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae strain
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Norbeck, J.; Pahlman, A.; Akhtar, N.; Blomberg, A.; Adler, L.
Purification and characterization of two isoenzymes of DL-glycerol-3-phosphatase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Identification of the corresponding GPP1 and GPP2 genes and evidence for osmotic regulation of Gpp2p expression by the osmosensing mitogen-acti
J. Biol. Chem.
271
13875-1388
1996
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Schmidt, G.
Nonspecific acid phosphomonoesterases
The Enzymes, 2nd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , Lardy, H. , Myrbck, K. , eds. )
5
37-48
1961
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
Tsuboi, K.K.; Wiener, G.; Hudson, P.B.
Acid phosphatase
J. Biol. Chem.
224
621-635
1956
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Pahlman, A.K.; Granath, K.; Ansell, R.; Hohmann, S.; Adler, L.
The yeast glycerol 3-phosphatases Gpp1p and Gpp2p are required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress
J. Biol. Chem.
276
3555-3563
2001
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Popp, A.; Nguyen, H.T.; Boulahya, K.; Bideaux, C.; Alfenore, S.; Guillouet, S.E.; Nevoigt, E.
Fermentative production of L-glycerol 3-phosphate utilizing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with an engineered glycerol biosynthetic pathway
Biotechnol. Bioeng.
100
497-505
2008
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P40106), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P41277), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Zheng, Y.; Zhao, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, H.; Ma, X.; Wei, D.
Production of glycerol from glucose by coexpressing glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphatase in Klebsiella pneumoniae
J. Biosci. Bioeng.
105
508-512
2008
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P40106)
Xu, Y.F.; Lu, W.; Chen, J.C.; Johnson, S.A.; Gibney, P.A.; Thomas, D.G.; Brown, G.; May, A.L.; Campagna, S.R.; Yakunin, A.F.; Botstein, D.; Rabinowitz, J.D.
Discovery and functional characterization of a yeast sugar alcohol phosphatase
ACS Chem. Biol.
13
3011-3020
2018
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P53981), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 3.1.3.21)
Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.
Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
Legal
Curated at
Member of
