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4-nitrophenyl phosphate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + phosphate
D-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
D-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate, stereospecific for L-isomer
-
-
?
D-ribulose 5-phosphate + H2O
D-ribulose + phosphate
dihydroxyacetone phosphate + H2O
dihydroxyacetone + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
glycerol 2-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
L-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
ribitol-5-phosphate + H2O
ribitol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
sorbitol-6-phosphate + H2O
sorbitol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
4-nitrophenyl phosphate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl phosphate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl phosphate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
D-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme shows a preference for the D-enantiomer of glycerol 3-phosphate
-
-
?
D-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme shows a preference for the D-enantiomer of glycerol 3-phosphate
-
-
?
D-ribulose 5-phosphate + H2O
D-ribulose + phosphate
-
-
-
?
D-ribulose 5-phosphate + H2O
D-ribulose + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
ir
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
specific for L-glycerol-1-phosphate
-
?
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
ir
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
specific for L-glycerol-1-phosphate
-
ir
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
ir
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
no stereospecificity
-
?
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
glycerol 2-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
glycerol 2-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
enzyme activity of GPP2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae used for production of glycerol and 1,3-propanediol in engineered Klebsiella pneumonia
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
final step of glycerol synthesis. The GPP1 gene plays an important role in the osmoregulation
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme is required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
mutants lacking both GPP1 and GPP2 isogenes are devoid of enzyme activity
-
-
?
L-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
more affinity in comparison to dihydroxyacetone phosphate
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
poor activity is observed on glucose-6-phosphate (less than 3%), fructose-6-phosphate (less than 12%), or 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (less than 2%) compared to DL-glycerol-3-phosphate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NagD, UMP and GMP are not substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NagD, UMP and GMP are not substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NagD, UMP and GMP are not substrates
-
-
?
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0.011
(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-(acetylamino)-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-2,4-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.0498
(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-(acetylamino)-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-4-hydroxy-2-methoxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.0937
dimethyl (6R)-5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-alpha-L-threo-hex-2-ulopyranosidonate
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.0065
disodium [(6R)-5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-alpha-L-threo-hex-2-ulopyranosonato-kO2](dioxido)oxovanadate(2-)
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.1
[(3R,4R)-4-[(4R,6R,7R,8S)-7-(acetylamino)-8-hydroxy-3-oxo-1,2,5-trioxaspiro[3.5]non-6-yl]-3,4-dihydroxybutyl]phosphonic acid
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM, in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
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0.35 - 0.75
-
dependency on subcellular fraction
additional information
changes in glucose, glycerol and 2,3-butanediol determined in engineered bacteria, new metabolic pathway of glucose via glycerol to 1,3-propanediol constructed, effect of pH on production of 1,3-propanediol, effect of dihydroxyacetone and pH, comparison of enzyme activities growing on different substrates, successful introduction of a glycerol pathway of yeast into Klebsiella pneumoniae
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
-
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
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Norbeck, J.; Pahlman, A.; Akhtar, N.; Blomberg, A.; Adler, L.
Purification and characterization of two isoenzymes of DL-glycerol-3-phosphatase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Identification of the corresponding GPP1 and GPP2 genes and evidence for osmotic regulation of Gpp2p expression by the osmosensing mitogen-acti
J. Biol. Chem.
271
13875-1388
1996
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Gimmler, H.; Kaaden, R.; Kirchner, U.; Weyand, A.
The chloride sensitivity of Dunaliella parva enzymes
Z. Pflanzenphysiol.
114
131-150
1983
Dunaliella parva
-
brenda
Brown, A.D.; Lilley, McC.; Marengo, T.
Osmoregulation in Dunaliellea. Intracellular distribution of enzymes of glycerol metabolism
Z. Naturforsch. C
37
1115-1123
1982
Dunaliella tertiolecta
-
brenda
Gimmler, H.; Lotter, G.
The intracellular distribution of enzymes of the glycerol cycle in the unicellular alga Dunaliella parva
Z. Naturforsch. C
37
1107-1114
1982
Dunaliella parva
-
brenda
Ben-Amotz, A.; Sussmann, I.; Avron, M.
Glycerol production by Dunaliella
Experientia
38
49-52
1982
Asteromonas gracilis, Dunaliella salina
-
brenda
Sussmann, I.; Avron, M.
Characterization and partial purification of DL-glycerol-1-phosphatase from Dunaliella salina
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
661
199-204
1981
Dunaliella salina
-
brenda
Belmans D.; Van Laere, A.
Glycerol-3-phosphatase and the control of glycerol metabolism in Dunaliella tertiolecta cells
Arch. Microbiol.
150
109-112
1988
Dunaliella tertiolecta
-
brenda
Van Schaftingen, E.; Van Laere, A.
Glycerol formation after the breaking of dormancy of Phycomyces blakesleeanus spores. Role of an interconvertible glycerol-3-phosphatase
Eur. J. Biochem.
148
399-404
1985
Phycomyces blakesleeanus
brenda
Gancedo, C.; Gancedo, J.M.; Sols, A.
Glycerol metabolism in yeasts. Pathways of utilization and production
Eur. J. Biochem.
5
165-172
1968
Cyberlindnera jadinii
brenda
Schmidt, G.
Nonspecific acid phosphomonoesterases
The Enzymes, 2nd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , Lardy, H. , Myrbck, K. , eds. )
5
37-48
1961
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
brenda
Tsuboi, K.K.; Wiener, G.; Hudson, P.B.
Acid phosphatase
J. Biol. Chem.
224
621-635
1956
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Paltauf, F.; Zinser, E.; Daum, G.
Utilization of exogenous glycerophosphodiesters and glycerol 3-phosphate by inositol-starved yeast, Saccharomyces uvarum
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
835
322-330
1985
Saccharomyces uvarum
brenda
Pahlman, A.K.; Granath, K.; Ansell, R.; Hohmann, S.; Adler, L.
The yeast glycerol 3-phosphatases Gpp1p and Gpp2p are required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress
J. Biol. Chem.
276
3555-3563
2001
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Fan, J.; Whiteway, M.; Shen, S.H.
Disruption of a gene encoding glycerol 3-phosphatase from Candida albicans impairs intracellular glycerol accumulation-mediated salt-tolerance
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
245
107-116
2005
Candida albicans
brenda
Driedzic, W.R.; Clow, K.A.; Short, C.E.; Ewart, K.V.
Glycerol production in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) may be triggered by low temperature alone and is associated with the activation of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphatase
J. Exp. Biol.
209
1016-1023
2006
Osmerus mordax
brenda
Nguyen, N.H.; Gonzalez, S.V.; Hassel, B.
Formation of glycerol from glucose in rat brain and cultured brain cells. Augmentation with kainate or ischemia
J. Neurochem.
101
1694-1700
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Meynial Salles, I.; Forchhammer, N.; Croux, C.; Girbal, L.; Soucaille, P.
Evolution of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolic pathway in Escherichia coli
Metab. Eng.
9
152-159
2007
Escherichia coli
brenda
Caparros-Martin, J.A.; Reiland, S.; Koechert, K.; Cutanda, M.C.; Culianez-Macia, F.A.
Arabidopsis thaliana AtGppl and AtGpp2: two novel low molecular weight phosphatases involved in plant glycerol metabolism
Plant Mol. Biol.
63
505-517
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Popp, A.; Nguyen, H.T.; Boulahya, K.; Bideaux, C.; Alfenore, S.; Guillouet, S.E.; Nevoigt, E.
Fermentative production of L-glycerol 3-phosphate utilizing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with an engineered glycerol biosynthetic pathway
Biotechnol. Bioeng.
100
497-505
2008
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P40106), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P41277), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Zheng, Y.; Zhao, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, H.; Ma, X.; Wei, D.
Production of glycerol from glucose by coexpressing glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphatase in Klebsiella pneumoniae
J. Biosci. Bioeng.
105
508-512
2008
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P40106)
brenda
Larrouy-Maumus, G.; Kelly, G.; de Carvalho, L.P.
Chemical mechanism of glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase: pH-dependent changes in the rate-limiting step
Biochemistry
53
143-151
2014
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (O33194), Mycobacterium tuberculosis
brenda
Ditlecadet, D.; Driedzic, W.R.
Glycerol synthesis in freeze-resistant rainbow smelt: towards the characterization of a key enzyme glycerol-3-phosphatase
Fish Physiol. Biochem.
40
257-266
2014
Osmerus mordax
brenda
Lindner, S.N.; Meiswinkel, T.M.; Panhorst, M.; Youn, J.W.; Wiefel, L.; Wendisch, V.F.
Glycerol-3-phosphatase of Corynebacterium glutamicum
J. Biotechnol.
159
216-224
2012
Corynebacterium glutamicum, Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032
brenda
Caparros-Martin, J.A.; McCarthy-Suarez, I.; Culianez-Macia, F.A.
HAD hydrolase function unveiled by substrate screening: enzymatic characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana subclass I phosphosugar phosphatase AtSgpp
Planta
237
943-954
2013
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Caparros-Martin, J.A.; McCarthy-Suarez, I.; Culianez-Macia, F.A.
The kinetic analysis of the substrate specificity of motif 5 in a HAD hydrolase-type phosphosugar phosphatase of Arabidopsis thaliana
Planta
240
479-487
2014
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Larrouy-Maumus, G.; Biswas, T.; Hunt, D.M.; Kelly, G.; Tsodikov, O.V.; de Carvalho, L.P.
Discovery of a glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase reveals glycerophospholipid polar head recycling in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
110
11320-11325
2013
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (O33194), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (O33194)
brenda
Xu, Y.F.; Lu, W.; Chen, J.C.; Johnson, S.A.; Gibney, P.A.; Thomas, D.G.; Brown, G.; May, A.L.; Campagna, S.R.; Yakunin, A.F.; Botstein, D.; Rabinowitz, J.D.
Discovery and functional characterization of a yeast sugar alcohol phosphatase
ACS Chem. Biol.
13
3011-3020
2018
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P53981), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda