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Information on EC 3.1.3.21 - glycerol-1-phosphatase
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3.1.3.21 glycerol-1-phosphataseIUBMB Comments
The Dunaliella enzyme acts more rapidly on sn-glycerol 1-phosphate than on the 3-phosphate. The enzyme from yeast also acts on propane-1,2-diol 1-phosphate, but not on a variety of other phosphate esters.
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Word Map
- 3.1.3.21
- dihydroxyacetone
- smelt
-
dissimilation
- mordax
-
osmerus
- 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate
-
antifreeze
- synthesis
- biotechnology
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
glycerol-3-phosphatase, glycerol 3-phosphatase, g3pase, rv1692, gpp2p, dl-glycerol-3-phosphatase, glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase, gpp1p, alpha-glycerol phosphatase, ynl010w, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
alpha-glycerol phosphatase
-
-
-
-
alpha-glycerophosphatase
-
-
-
-
D,L-glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase
DL-glycerol-3-phosphatase
G3P phosphatase
glycerol phosphate phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-1-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-3-P-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-3-phosphatase
glycerol-3-phosphate phosphohydrolase
-
-
-
-
GPP
GPP1
Gpp1p
-
-
-
-
Gpp2
Gpp2p
-
-
-
-
HADSF phosphatase
Rv1692
DL-glycerol-3-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
glycerol-3-phosphatase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
glycerol 1-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate
the enzyme in yeast also acts on propane-1,2-diol-1-phosphate, but not on a variety of other phosphate esters
-
-
-
glycerol 1-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate
the Dunaliella enzyme acts more rapidly on sn-glycerol-1-phosphate than on the 3-phosphate
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
glycerol-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase
The Dunaliella enzyme acts more rapidly on sn-glycerol 1-phosphate than on the 3-phosphate. The enzyme from yeast also acts on propane-1,2-diol 1-phosphate, but not on a variety of other phosphate esters.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37228-75-4
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate, stereospecific for L-isomer
-
-
?
dihydroxyacetone phosphate + H2O
dihydroxyacetone + phosphate
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl phosphate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl phosphate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
D-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme shows a preference for the D-enantiomer of glycerol 3-phosphate
-
-
?
D-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme shows a preference for the D-enantiomer of glycerol 3-phosphate
-
-
?
D-ribulose 5-phosphate + H2O
D-ribulose + phosphate
-
-
-
?
D-ribulose 5-phosphate + H2O
D-ribulose + phosphate
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate
-
-
?
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
specific for L-glycerol-1-phosphate
-
?
DL-glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
specific for L-glycerol-1-phosphate
-
ir
DL-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
no stereospecificity
-
?
glycerol 2-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
enzyme activity of GPP2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae used for production of glycerol and 1,3-propanediol in engineered Klebsiella pneumonia
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
final step of glycerol synthesis. The GPP1 gene plays an important role in the osmoregulation
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme is required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
mutants lacking both GPP1 and GPP2 isogenes are devoid of enzyme activity
-
-
?
L-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
more affinity in comparison to dihydroxyacetone phosphate
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
poor activity is observed on glucose-6-phosphate (less than 3%), fructose-6-phosphate (less than 12%), or 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (less than 2%) compared to DL-glycerol-3-phosphate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NagD, UMP and GMP are not substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NagD, UMP and GMP are not substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NagD, UMP and GMP are not substrates
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme shows a preference for the D-enantiomer of glycerol 3-phosphate
-
-
?
D-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme shows a preference for the D-enantiomer of glycerol 3-phosphate
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate
-
-
?
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
preferred substrate
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
final step of glycerol synthesis. The GPP1 gene plays an important role in the osmoregulation
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
the enzyme is required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress
-
?
glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
glycerol metabolism
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
L-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O
glycerol + phosphate
-
-
-
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Co2+
Mn2+ supports 8fold higher catalytic efficiency than Mg2+
Mg2+
Mn2+
NaCl
Ni2+
for Ni2+, the catalytic efficiency is approximately half of that for Mg2+
Mg2+
-
essential for activity, the enzyme prefers Mg2+ over Mn2+, 10 mM Mg2+ used in assay conditions
Mg2+
-
strong requirement for Mg2+, 5 mM used in assay conditions. Mg2+ induces a 5-6fold increaseof activity for concentrations higher than 1 mM
Mn2+
Mn2+ supports 4fold higher catalytic efficiency than Mg2+
Mn2+
-
Mn2+ induces a 2-2.5fold increase of activity for concentrations higher than 0.5 mM
NaCl
-
0.5-4.5 M extracellular NaCl activates intracellular glycerol production
NaCl
-
0.5-4.5 M extracellular NaCl activates intracellular glycerol production
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-(acetylamino)-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-2,4-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-(acetylamino)-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-4-hydroxy-2-methoxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
dimethyl (6R)-5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-alpha-L-threo-hex-2-ulopyranosidonate
-
-
disodium [(6R)-5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-alpha-L-threo-hex-2-ulopyranosonato-kO2](dioxido)oxovanadate(2-)
-
-
[(3R,4R)-4-[(4R,6R,7R,8S)-7-(acetylamino)-8-hydroxy-3-oxo-1,2,5-trioxaspiro[3.5]non-6-yl]-3,4-dihydroxybutyl]phosphonic acid
-
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
cAMP-dependent protein kinase
-
complete and persistant activation by phosphorylation
-
dithiothreitol
-
the addition of at least 1 mM dithiothreitol is necessary to retain enzymatic activity during the assay
metal-binding agents
-
required for stable activity of purified enzyme
-
surface-active agents
-
required for stable activity of purified enzyme
-
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Tuberculosis
Discovery of a glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase reveals glycerophospholipid polar head recycling in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
19.3
4-nitrophenyl phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
1.3
D-ribulose 5-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
2.01
Glycerol 2-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
2.61
glycerol 3-phosphate
-
at pH 5.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.89
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
2.9
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate
-
in 20 mM MES buffer pH 6.5, containing 10 mM MgSO4, and 1 mM dithioerythritol, at 30°C
3.5
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate
-
Gpp2, in 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.0, 5 mM MgCl2, and 10 mM DL-glycerol-3-phosphate
5.2
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate
-
Gpp1, in 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.0, 5 mM MgCl2, and 10 mM DL-glycerol-3-phosphate
1.1
L-glycerol 3-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1
4-nitrophenyl phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
0.18
D-ribulose 5-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
0.18
Glycerol 2-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
0.77
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
160
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate
-
in 20 mM MES buffer pH 6.5, containing 10 mM MgSO4, and 1 mM dithioerythritol, at 30°C
0.02
L-glycerol 3-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.05
4-nitrophenyl phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
0.14
D-ribulose 5-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
0.86
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
0.09
Glycerol 2-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
0.02
L-glycerol 3-phosphate
in Tris-HCl 50 mM at pH 7.5, at 22°C
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2.4
phosphate
-
with L-glycerol-3-phosphate as substrate, at 30°C, pH 7.5, in 100 mM HEPES
2.5
phosphate
-
with DL-glycerol-3-phosphate as substrate, at 30°C, pH 7.5, in 100 mM HEPES
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IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.011
(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-(acetylamino)-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-2,4-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.0498
(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-(acetylamino)-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-4-hydroxy-2-methoxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.0937
dimethyl (6R)-5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-alpha-L-threo-hex-2-ulopyranosidonate
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.0065
disodium [(6R)-5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxy-4-phosphonobutyl]-alpha-L-threo-hex-2-ulopyranosonato-kO2](dioxido)oxovanadate(2-)
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
0.1
[(3R,4R)-4-[(4R,6R,7R,8S)-7-(acetylamino)-8-hydroxy-3-oxo-1,2,5-trioxaspiro[3.5]non-6-yl]-3,4-dihydroxybutyl]phosphonic acid
Corynebacterium glutamicum
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM, in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 30°C
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
changes in glucose, glycerol and 2,3-butanediol determined in engineered bacteria, new metabolic pathway of glucose via glycerol to 1,3-propanediol constructed, effect of pH on production of 1,3-propanediol, effect of dihydroxyacetone and pH, comparison of enzyme activities growing on different substrates, successful introduction of a glycerol pathway of yeast into Klebsiella pneumoniae
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phosphate outside the cells, specific elimination of enzyme activity reveals considerable glycerol formation, unspecific dephosphorylation as a mechanism to relieve cells of intracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulation, final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per litre of fermentation broth
additional information
-
L-glycerol 3-phosphate (L-G3P) production via microbial fermentation, elimination of both GPP1 and GPP2 isoenzymes required, small-scale and large-scale batch fermentation, intracellular accumulation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate reaches high levels of about 200 mM, thereafter accumulation declines, extracellular L-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration increases throughout fermentation, most of the total L-glycerol 3-phos