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Information on EC 2.7.2.1 - acetate kinase
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2.7.2.1 acetate kinaseIUBMB Comments
Requires Mg2+ for activity. While purified enzyme from Escherichia coli is specific for acetate , others have found that the enzyme can also use propanoate as a substrate, but more slowly . Acetate can be converted into the key metabolic intermediate acetyl-CoA by coupling acetate kinase with EC 2.3.1.8, phosphate acetyltransferase. Both this enzyme and EC 2.7.2.15, propionate kinase, play important roles in the production of propanoate .
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Word Map
- 2.7.2.1
- phosphotransacetylase
- acetyl-coa
- cdc42
- methanosarcina
- thermophila
- sludge
-
acetogenic
-
cdc42-associated
- acetylphosphate
- formate-lyase
-
non-receptor
- acetobutylicum
-
substrate-level
- acetoin
- tyrobutyricum
-
adp-forming
- phosphoketolase
- butyryl-coa
-
embden-meyerhof-parnas
-
acetate-activating
- synthesis
- industry
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
acetate kinase, ack, acetokinase, acka2, acka1, ackase, urkinase, atp-ecoak, acetic kinase, atp-specific ak, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
acetate kinase (phosphorylating)
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-
-
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acetic kinase
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-
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acetokinase
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-
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ACK
ackA
AckA1
AckA2
AK
-
-
-
-
MM_0495
Sak
StAckA
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
ATP + propanoate = ADP + propanoyl phosphate
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-
-
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ATP + acetate = ADP + acetyl phosphate
propanoate also acts as acceptor, but more slowly
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-
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ATP + acetate = ADP + acetyl phosphate
residue F179 is essential for catalysis
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ATP + acetate = ADP + acetyl phosphate
roles for the arginine residues Arg241 and Arg91 in transition state stabilization for catalysis but not in nucleotide binding determined, experimental evidence for domain motion
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
phospho group transfer
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-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
KEGG
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, , , acetate fermentation, acetate fermentation, Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes, Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes, Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes, glycine metabolism, glycine metabolism, glycine metabolism, Methane metabolism, Microbial metabolism in diverse environments, purine metabolism, purine metabolism, purine metabolism, purine metabolism, Pyruvate metabolism, Pyruvate metabolism
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
ATP:acetate phosphotransferase
Requires Mg2+ for activity. While purified enzyme from Escherichia coli is specific for acetate [4], others have found that the enzyme can also use propanoate as a substrate, but more slowly [7]. Acetate can be converted into the key metabolic intermediate acetyl-CoA by coupling acetate kinase with EC 2.3.1.8, phosphate acetyltransferase. Both this enzyme and EC 2.7.2.15, propionate kinase, play important roles in the production of propanoate [9].
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9027-42-3
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + ethanol
ADP + ethyl phosphate
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1% of reactivity with acetate
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-
r
ATP + glycerol
ADP + glycerol phosphate
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1% of reactivity with acetate
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-
r
ATP + glycine
ADP + glycyl phosphate
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1% of reactivity with acetate
-
-
r
ATP + heptanoate
ADP + heptyl phosphate
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22% activity compared to acetate
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-
r
ATP + hexanoate
ADP + hexyl phosphate
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38% activity compared to acetate
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-
r
ATP + octanoate
ADP + octyl phosphate
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8.4% activity compared to acetate
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-
r
ATP + valerate
ADP + valeryl phosphate
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43.3% activity compared to acetate
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-
r
acetyl phosphate + hydroxylamine
acetyl hydroxamate + phosphate
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-
-
?
acetyl phosphate + hydroxylamine
acetyl hydroxamate + phosphate
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-
-
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r
acetyl phosphate + hydroxylamine
acetyl hydroxamate + phosphate
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-
-
r
acetyl phosphate + hydroxylamine
acetyl hydroxamate + phosphate
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-
-
?
acetyl phosphate + hydroxylamine
acetyl hydroxamate + phosphate
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-
-
?
acetyl phosphate + hydroxylamine
acetyl hydroxamate + phosphate
high-energy acetyl phosphate reacts with hydroxylamine forming acetyl hydroxamate and inorganic phosphate
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-
?
ADP + acetyl phosphate
ATP + acetate
20fold more active in the reaction of acetate synthesis compared to acetate phosphorylation. The enzyme shows strong specificity to ATP and ADP
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-
r
ADP + acetyl phosphate
ATP + acetate
20fold more active in the reaction of acetate synthesis compared to acetate phosphorylation. The enzyme shows strong specificity to ATP and ADP
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r
ADP + acetyl phosphate
ATP + acetate
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-
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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acetate kinase/phosphotransacetylase, major role of this two-enzyme sequence is to provide acetyl coenzyme A which may participate in fatty acid synthesis, citrate formation and subsequent oxidation
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
the equilibrium lies far to the left side
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-
r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
key enzyme and responsible for dephosphorylation of acetyl phosphate with the concomitant production of acetate and ATP
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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function in the metabolism of pyruvate or synthesis of acetyl-CoA coupling with phosphoacetyltransacetylase
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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function in the metabolism of pyruvate or synthesis of acetyl-CoA coupling with phosphoacetyltransacetylase
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
acetate kinase is a key enzymes of acetate metabolism of anaerobes
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-
?
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
acetate kinase is a key enzymes of acetate metabolism of anaerobes
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?
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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function in the initial activation of acetate for conversion to methane and CO2
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
catalytic mechanism, roles for the arginine residues Arg241 and Arg91 in transition state stabilization for catalysis but not in nucleotide binding determined, experimental evidence for domain motion
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-
r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
the enzyme is proposed to function in the initial activation of acetate for conversion to methane and CO2
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-
?
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
activity in the reverse direction is 2.6fold greater than in the forward direction (acetate kinase activity)
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
the wild type enzyme shows broad NTP utilization, with greater than 50% activity with CTP, GTP, TTP, UTP, and ITP versus ATP
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-
?
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
the enzyme is proposed to function in the initial activation of acetate for conversion to methane and CO2
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-
?
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
activity in the reverse direction is 2.6fold greater than in the forward direction (acetate kinase activity)
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
the enzyme is 20fold more active in the reaction of acetate synthesis compared to acetate phosphorylation and shows strong specificity to ATP/ADP The enzyme has a remarkably high catalytic efficiency for acetate and ATP formation
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
20fold more active in the reaction of acetate synthesis compared to acetate phosphorylation. The enzyme shows strong specificity to ATP and ADP
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
20fold more active in the reaction of acetate synthesis compared to acetate phosphorylation. The enzyme shows strong specificity to ATP and ADP
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-
r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
the enzyme is 20fold more active in the reaction of acetate synthesis compared to acetate phosphorylation and shows strong specificity to ATP/ADP The enzyme has a remarkably high catalytic efficiency for acetate and ATP formation
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
transcriptional control of the ackA gene
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?
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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-
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
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highest activity
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r
ATP + acetate
ADP + acetyl phosphate
enzyme assay developed that can measure the released phosphate at a nanomolar level
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-
?
ATP + butyrate
ADP + butyryl phosphate
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59.5% activity compared to acetate
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r
ATP + butyrate
ADP + butyryl phosphate
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2% of reactivity with acetate
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r
ATP + formate
ADP + formyl phosphate
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2% of reactivity with acetate
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r
ATP + formate
ADP + formyl phosphate
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-
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?
ATP + isobutyrate
ADP + isobutyryl phosphate
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26.7% activity compared to acetate
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r