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Information on EC 2.7.11.19 - phosphorylase kinase

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
Requires Ca2+ and calmodulin for activity. The enzyme phosphorylates a specific serine residue in each of the subunits of the dimeric phosphorylase b. For muscle phosphorylase but not liver phosphorylase, this is accompanied by a further dimerization to form a tetrameric phosphorylase. The enzyme couples muscle contraction with energy production via glycogenolysis---glycolysis by catalysing the Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation and activation of glycogen phosphorylase b . The gamma subunit of the tetrameric enzyme is the catalytic subunit.
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This record set is specific for:
UNIPROT: P46020
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Word Map
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
phosphorylase kinase, phosphorylase b kinase, glycogen phosphorylase kinase, phkg1, phk alpha, dphk-gamma, psk-c3, glycogen phosphorylase b kinase, kpi-2 kinase, phosphorylase kinase beta, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dephosphophosphorylase kinase
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Glycogen phosphorylase kinase
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kinase, phosphorylase (phosphorylating)
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Phosphorylase b kinase
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PSK-C3
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
phospho group transfer
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
ATP:phosphorylase-b phosphotransferase
Requires Ca2+ and calmodulin for activity. The enzyme phosphorylates a specific serine residue in each of the subunits of the dimeric phosphorylase b. For muscle phosphorylase but not liver phosphorylase, this is accompanied by a further dimerization to form a tetrameric phosphorylase. The enzyme couples muscle contraction with energy production via glycogenolysis---glycolysis by catalysing the Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation and activation of glycogen phosphorylase b [5]. The gamma subunit of the tetrameric enzyme is the catalytic subunit.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9001-88-1
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + phosphorylase b
ADP + phosphorylase a
show the reaction diagram
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?
additional information
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + phosphorylase b
ADP + phosphorylase a
show the reaction diagram
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-
?
additional information
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Calmodulin
encoded by 3 different genes CALM1-3
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
6.8
enzyme assay at pH 6.8
8.2
enzyme assay at pH 8.2
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
the subunits of the muscle isozyme are encoded by different genes
SwissProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
muscle isoform
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
KPB1_HUMAN
1223
0
137312
Swiss-Prot
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
D299V
naturally occurring mutation in gene PHKB, encoding subunit beta, missense mutation leads to enzyme deficiency in vivo
Q657K
naturally occurring heterozygous single amino acid replacement in gene PHKB, might not be significant for enzyme deficiency disease, patient shows low enzyme activity
Y770C
naturally occurring heterozygous single amino acid replacement in gene PHKB, might not be significant for enzyme deficiency disease, patient shows low enzyme activity
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
DNA sequence determination and structural analysis, genetic organization, the subunits of the muscle isozyme are encoded by different genes, subunit alpha is encoded by gene PHKA1, genes PHKA1, PHKB1, PHKG1, CALM1, CALM2, and CALM3 are involved, relation to several pseudogenes
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Burwinkel, B.; Hu, B.; Schroers, A.; Clemens, P.R.; Moses, S.W.; Shin, Y.S.; Pongratz, D.; Vorgerd, M.; Kilimann, M.W.
Muscle glycogenosis with low phosphorylase kinase activity: mutations in PHKA1, PHKG1 or six other candidate genes explain only a minority of cases
Eur. J. Hum. Genet.
11
516-526
2003
Homo sapiens (P46020), Homo sapiens (Q16816), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team