We're sorry, but BRENDA doesn't work properly without JavaScript. Please make sure you have JavaScript enabled in your browser settings.
Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
EC Tree
IUBMB Comments This is a heterogeneous group of serine/threonine protein kinases that do not have an activating compound and are either non-specific or their specificity has not been analysed to date.
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Bos taurus The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
+
a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine)
=
+
a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) phosphate
Synonyms
protein kinase a, 14-3-3, camkii, p-akt, lrrk2, c-jun n-terminal kinase, serine/threonine kinase, raf-1, protein kinase b, gsk-3,
more
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
RAC-alpha serine/threonine kinase
-
A-T, mutated homolog
-
-
-
-
AMH type II receptor
-
-
-
-
Anti-sigma B factor rsbT
-
-
-
-
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated
-
-
-
-
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated homolog
-
-
-
-
ATP-protein transphosphorylase
-
-
-
-
Breast-tumor-amplified kinase
-
-
-
-
Calcium-dependent protein kinase C
-
-
-
-
Calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase
-
-
-
-
cAMP-dependent protein kinase A
-
-
-
-
casein kinase I, alpha isoform
-
casein kinase I, beta isoform
-
CDC25 suppressing protein kinase
-
-
-
-
Cell division cycle 2-like
-
-
-
-
CLP-36 interacting kinase
-
-
-
-
cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase
-
-
-
-
cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase
-
-
-
-
cyclin-dependent kinase
-
-
-
-
cytidine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-responsive protein kinase
-
-
-
-
glycogen synthase kinase-3beta
-
-
hydroxyalkyl-protein kinase
-
-
-
-
Kinase interacting with stathmin
-
-
-
-
kinase, casein (phosphorylating)
-
-
-
-
kinase, protamine (phosphorylating)
-
-
-
-
kinase, protein (phosphorylating)
-
-
-
-
kinase, protein, A (phosphorylating)
-
-
-
-
kinase, protein, C (phosphorylating)
-
-
-
-
Lymphocyte-oriented kinase
-
-
-
-
M phase-specific cdc2 kinase
-
-
-
-
mitogen-activated S6 kinase
-
-
-
-
Myristoylated and palmitoylated serine-threonine kinase
-
-
-
-
NY-REN-55 antigen
-
-
-
-
phosphorylase b kinase kinase
-
-
-
-
Pre-mRNA protein kinase
-
-
-
-
protein glutamyl kinase
-
-
-
-
protein kinase (phosphorylating)
-
-
-
-
Protein kinase B kinase
-
-
-
-
protein kinase CK2
-
-
-
-
Protein kinase Krct
-
-
-
-
Protein kinase MST
-
-
-
-
protein kinase p58
-
-
-
-
Protein kinase PKL12
-
-
-
-
protein phosphokinase
-
-
-
-
protein serine kinase
-
-
-
-
protein serine-threonine kinase
-
-
-
-
protein-aspartyl kinase
-
-
-
-
protein-cysteine kinase
-
-
-
-
protein-serine kinase
-
-
-
-
protein-serine/threonine kinase
-
-
-
-
PRP4 pre-mRNA processing factor 4 homolog
-
-
-
-
ribosomal protein S6 kinase II
-
-
-
-
ribosomal S6 protein kinase
-
-
-
-
S-receptor kinase
-
-
-
-
serine protein kinase
-
-
-
-
serine(threonine) protein kinase
-
-
-
-
serine-specific protein kinase
-
-
-
-
serine-threonine kinase
-
-
serine/threonine kinase
-
-
-
-
Serine/threonine kinase 15
-
-
-
-
Serine/threonine kinase Ayk1
-
-
-
-
serine/threonine protein kinase
-
-
-
-
Serine/threonine-protein kinase NRK2
-
-
-
-
Serine/threonine-protein kinase NYD-SPK
-
-
-
-
Ste20-like kinase
-
-
-
-
STE20-like kinase MST1
-
-
-
-
STE20-like kinase MST2
-
-
-
-
STE20-like kinase MST3
-
-
-
-
Switch protein/serine kinase
-
-
-
-
threonine-specific protein kinase
-
-
-
-
type-2 casein kinase
-
-
-
-
casein kinase II
-
-
-
-
PKA
-
-
-
-
additional information
-
PKN belongs to the AGC subfamily of protein kinases
additional information
-
see also EC 2.7.11.26
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
ATP + a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) = ADP + a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) phosphate
ATP + a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) = ADP + a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) phosphate
catalytic mechanism and regulation of PKN
-
ATP + a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) = ADP + a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) phosphate
glycogen synthase kinase-3beta also performs the tau-protein kinase reaction, EC 2.7.11.26
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
phospho group transfer
-
-
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
ATP:protein phosphotransferase (non-specific)
This is a heterogeneous group of serine/threonine protein kinases that do not have an activating compound and are either non-specific or their specificity has not been analysed to date.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
191808-15-8
phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1
377752-08-4
ribosomal protein S6 kinase 2
389133-24-8
ribosomal S6 kinase 3
52660-18-1
casein kinase, protein kinase CK2
9026-43-1
this CAS Reg. No. encompasses a great variety of protein kinases including the serine/threonine specific kinases
90698-26-3
ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
ATP + Ac-LRRASLG
ADP + Ac-LRRApSLG
-
an efficient fluorescence assay for serine/threonine kinases using a peptide array is developed. Assay is based on chemical reactions specific to phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues, that is, base-mediated beta-elimination of the phosphate group and subsequent Michael addition of a thiol-containing fluorescent reagent. This procedure enables the covalent introduction of a fluorescent moiety into the phosphorylated peptide. Novel fluorescent reagents are designed for this purpose and synthesized. As a model peptide, a well-known PKA consensus sequence Kemptide 49 is chosen
-
-
?
ATP + bovine serum albumin
?
ATP + eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor
?
-
i.e. eIF-4E, 1 mol phosphate per mol eIF-4E
-
-
?
ATP + glycogen synthase
?
ATP + protamine
ADP + O-phosphoprotamine
ATP + several 40S ribosomal polypeptides
?
-
e.g. S6, 2.5 mol phosphate per mol S6
-
-
?
ATP + synthetic peptide
?
-
Arg-Arg-Leu-Ser-Ser-Leu-Arg-Ala
-
-
?
ATP + [tau-protein]
ADP + O-phospho-[tau-protein]
casein + ATP
phosphorylated casein + ADP
-
-
-
?
RRRDDDSDDD + ATP
? + ADP
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ATP + bovine serum albumin
?
-
mitochondrial protamine kinases
-
-
?
ATP + bovine serum albumin
?
-
not cytosolic kinase
-
-
?
ATP + bovine serum albumin
?
-
phosphorylated at 40-70% the rate of protamine
-
-
?
ATP + bovine serum albumin
?
-
phosphorylated at 48% the rate of protamine
-
-
?
ATP + casein
?
-
not mitochondrial protamine kinases
-
-
?
ATP + casein
?
-
phosphorylated at 5% the rate of protamine, cytosolic kinase
-
-
?
ATP + glycogen synthase
?
-
from rabbit skeletal muscle
-
-
?
ATP + glycogen synthase
?
-
mitochondrial protamine kinases
-
-
?
ATP + glycogen synthase
?
-
not cytosolic kinase
-
-
?
ATP + glycogen synthase
?
-
phosphorylated at 15% the rate of protamine
-
-
?
ATP + histone H1
?
-
mitochondrial protamine kinases
-
-
?
ATP + histone H1
?
-
not microsomal kinases
-
-
?
ATP + histone H1
?
-
not cytosolic
-
-
?
ATP + histone H1
?
-
phosphorylated at 80% the rate of protamine
-
-
?
ATP + histone IIB
?
-
phosphorylated at 8% the rate of protamine, cytosolic kinase
-
-
?
ATP + histone IIB
?
-
not mitochondrial protamine kinases
-
-
?
ATP + protamine
ADP + O-phosphoprotamine
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + protamine
ADP + O-phosphoprotamine
-
preferred substrate
-
-
?
ATP + protamine
ADP + O-phosphoprotamine
-
no substrates are histone H4, ovalbumin, synthetic peptide poly(Glu,Tyr) (4:1)
-
-
?
ATP + protamine
ADP + O-phosphoprotamine
-
phosphorylates little, if any activity with branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, casein, ovalbumin or histone H2B
-
-
?
ATP + protamine
ADP + O-phosphoprotamine
-
no substrates are GTP
-
-
?
ATP + [tau-protein]
ADP + O-phospho-[tau-protein]
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + [tau-protein]
ADP + O-phospho-[tau-protein]
-
substrate of GSK3beta in brain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
glycogen synthase kinase-3beta also performs the tau-protein kinase reaction, EC 2.7.11.26, phosphorylating tau protein at serine and threonine residues
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regulation mechanism and biological function of PKN
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme performs autophosphorylation, PKN binds several associated proteins via its ACC domain, i.e. RhoA, a small GTPase, which binds to the ACC domain of PKNalpha forming a catalytic active site
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
ATP + [tau-protein]
ADP + O-phospho-[tau-protein]
-
substrate of GSK3beta in brain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
additional information
?
-
-
glycogen synthase kinase-3beta also performs the tau-protein kinase reaction, EC 2.7.11.26, phosphorylating tau protein at serine and threonine residues
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regulation mechanism and biological function of PKN
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Mn2+
-
can replace Mg2+ with 20% efficiency
Mg2+
-
-
Mg2+
-
Km-values: 1.8 mM (cytosolic kinase) and 0.04 mM (mitochondrial kinase)
Mg2+
-
1 mM (eIF-4E as substrate)
Mg2+
-
1.5 mM (mitochondrial kinase)
Mg2+
-
10 mM (cytosolic kinase)
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A
-
O-phosphoprotamine
-
bovine serum albumin, not protamine as substrate
Protein phosphatase 1b
-
weak
-
spermine
-
bovine serum albumin, not protamine as substrate
Ca2+
-
-
Ca2+
-
mitochondrial kinase, not cytosolic
Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A
-
-
-
Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A
-
NaCl, diphosphate, phosphate, NaF or ATP protects
-
Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A
-
Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, EDTA, EGTA or vanadate does not
-
KCl
-
not
KCl
-
eIF-4E as substrate
NaCl
-
not
NaCl
-
bovine serum albumin, not protamine as substrate
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
2A1 and 2
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
specific protamine kinase inhibitors
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
okadaic acid, microcystin-LR
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
ATP
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
phosphate or NaF prevents
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
Mn2+ enhances inactivation rate
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
protein phosphatase inhibitor 2 does not protect
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
rate of inactivation is unaffected by EDTA, EGTA, Mg2+, Ca2+
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
diphosphate
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
-
eIF-4E, 40S ribosomes or protamine as substrate
-
additional information
-
no inhibition by cAMP
-
additional information
-
cGMP, heat-stable inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase
-
additional information
-
heparin, Ca2+/calmodulin, phosphatidylserine and/or diolein (in the absence or presence of Ca2+)
-
additional information
-
heparin, Ca2+/calmodulin, phosphatidylserine and/or diolein (in the absence or presence of Ca2+)
-
additional information
-
heparin, Ca2+/calmodulin, phosphatidylserine and/or diolein (in the absence or presence of Ca2+)
-
additional information
-
protein inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (protamine as substrate), monoclonal antibodies to catalytic domain of protein kinase C from rat brain
-
additional information
-
EGTA, calmodulin
-
additional information
-
EGTA, calmodulin
-
additional information
-
protein phosphatase 2B, 2C, catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPase 1B and T-cell PTPase), pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
-
additional information
-
PKN possesses an autoinhibitory site at the C-terminal C2 domain, which also binds activating arachidonic acid
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
arachidonic acid
-
activates in vitro, binds at the autoinhibitory site at the C-terminus
protein 14-3-3
-
a dimeric scaffold protein, protein is absolutely required for connection by simultaneous binding of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta to tau within a brain microtubule-associated tau phosphorylation complex
-
RhoA
-
small GTPase, binds to the ACC domain and activates isozymes PKNalpha and PRK2/PKNgamma/PAK-2
3',5'-AMP
-
not
3',5'-AMP
-
i.e. cAMP, activation
additional information
-
no activation by cGMP
-
additional information
-
phosphorylation of PKN is required for full activation
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
0.00025
staurosporine
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
0.002
staurosporine
Bos taurus
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
3 - 5
substrate: RRRDDDSDDD
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
5.7 - 9
-
broad, protamine as substrate
6.1 - 8.2
-
protamine as substrate
6.7
-
bovine serum albumin as substrate
7 - 7.6
-
eIF-4E as substrate
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
5.8 - 8.8
-
about 85% of maximal activity at pH 5.8 and about 80% of maximal activity at pH 8.8, protamine as substrate
6.6 - 6.8
-
about half-maximal activity at pH 6.6 and pH 6.8, bovine serum albumin as substrate
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
-
SwissProt
brenda
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
-
brenda
-
brenda
additional information
-
isozymes show different tissue distribution
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
isozyme PKNalpha
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
cortex
brenda
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
microsomal kinase is a form of the cytosolic kinase
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
two mitochondrial kinases I and II and a cytosolic kinase
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
two mitochondrial kinases I and II and a cytosolic kinase
brenda
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
AKT1_BOVIN
480
0
55748
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3 )
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
45000
-
gel filtration
45000
-
1 * 45000, SDS-PAGE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
monomer
-
1 * 45000, SDS-PAGE
additional information
3 polypeptides detected by SDS-PAGE: alpha - 45000 Da, alpha' - 40000 Da, beta - 26000 Da
additional information
-
3 polypeptides detected by SDS-PAGE: alpha - 45000 Da, alpha' - 40000 Da, beta - 26000 Da
additional information
-
isozyme structure analysis, PKN kinase contains a catalytic domain homologous to that of protein kinase C, as well as a unique regulatory region containing antiparallel coiled-coil domain, the ACC domain, and an autoinhibitory C2 domain binding activators
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
phosphoprotein
phosphoprotein with an alkali-labile phosphate content exceeding 2 mol/mol protein
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation is required for full activation
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
diluted solutions are unstable
-
repeated freeze-thawing inactivates
-
Triton X-100 stabilizes during freeze-thawing procedures
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
-20°C, in 0.05 M imidazole chloride, pH 7.3, 10% glycerol, 1 mM DTT, protease inhibitors, 1 mM EDTA, at least 6 months
-
-70°C, in 0.025 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.3, 10% glycerol, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM benzamidine, 0.1 mM PMSF, 14 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.1% Triton X-100, 12 months
-
0-4°C, in 0.05 M imidazole chloride, pH 7.3, 10% glycerol, 1 mM DTT, protease inhibitors, 1 mM EDTA, up to 3 weeks
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
isozyme PKNalpha from brain membrane
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
co-expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, tau, and 14-3-3 in COS-7 cells and in HEK-293 cells
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Coffer, P.J.; Woodgett, J.R.
Molecular cloning and characterisation of a novel putative protein-serine kinase related to the cAMP-dependent and protein kinase C families
Eur. J. Biochem.
205
1217
1992
Homo sapiens (P31749), Bos taurus (Q01314)
brenda
Coffer, P.J.; Woodgett, J.R.
Molecular cloning and characterisation of a novel putative protein-serine kinase related to the cAMP-dependent and protein kinase C families
Eur. J. Biochem.
201
475-481
1991
Homo sapiens (P31749), Homo sapiens, Bos taurus (Q01314), Bos taurus
brenda
Rowles, J.; Slaughter, C.; Moomaw, C.; Hsu, J.; Cobb, M.H.
Purification of casein kinase I and isolation of cDNAs encoding multiple casein kinase I-like enzymes
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
88
9548-9552
1991
Bos taurus (P35507), Bos taurus (P67827), Bos taurus
brenda
Litchfield, D.W.; Lozeman, F.J.; Piening, C.; Sommercorn, J.; Takio, K.; Walsh, K.A.; Krebs, E.G.
Subunit structure of casein kinase II from bovine testis. Demonstration that the alpha and alpha' subunits are distinct polypeptides
J. Biol. Chem.
265
7638-7644
1990
Bos taurus (P20427), Bos taurus, Homo sapiens (P68400)
brenda
Damuni, Z.; Reed, L.J.
Purification and properties of a protamine kinase and a type II casein kinase from bovine kidney mitochondria
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
262
574-584
1988
Bos taurus
brenda
Damuni, Z.; Amick, G.D.; Sneed, T.R.
Purification and properties of a distinct protamine kinase from the cytosol of bovine kidney cortex
J. Biol. Chem.
264
6412-6416
1989
Bos taurus
brenda
Amick, G.D.; Reddy, S.A.G.; Damuni, Z.
Purification and properties of a protamine kinase from bovine kidney microsomes
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
297
80-85
1992
Bos taurus
brenda
Amick, G.D.; Reddy, S.A.G.; Damuni, Z.
Protein phosphatase 2A is a specific protamine-kinase-inactivating phosphatase
Biochem. J.
287
1019-1022
1992
Bos taurus
-
brenda
Damuni, Z.
Inactivation of bovine kidney cytosolic protamine kinase by the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
166
449-456
1990
Bos taurus
brenda
Amick, G.D.; Damuni, Z.
Protamine kinase phosphorylates eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 4E
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
183
431-437
1992
Bos taurus
brenda
Mukai, H.
The structure and function of PKN, a protein kinase having a catalytic domain homologous to that of PKC
J. Biochem.
133
17-27
2003
Asteroidea, Bos taurus, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Xenopus laevis
brenda
Agarwal-Mawal, A.; Qureshi, H.Y.; Cafferty, P.W.; Yuan, Z.; Han, D.; Lin, R.; Paudel, H.K.
14-3-3 connects glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta to tau within a brain microtubule-associated tau phosphorylation complex
J. Biol. Chem.
278
12722-12728
2003
Bos taurus
brenda
Akita, S.; Umezawa, N.; Kato, N.; Higuchi, T.
Array-based fluorescence assay for serine/threonine kinases using specific chemical reaction
Bioorg. Med. Chem.
16
7788-7794
2008
Bos taurus, Homo sapiens (P31749)
brenda
Transporter Classification Database (TCDB):
8.A.23.1.35 ,
9.B.321.1.1 ,
8.A.104.1.10 ,
1.A.87.2.4 ,
1.I.1.1.3 ,
1.A.87.2.9 ,
8.A.104.1.1 ,
1.A.87.2.6 ,
1.I.1.1.5 ,
9.A.15.1.1 ,
1.A.4.5.8 ,
1.A.4.5.1 ,
1.A.87.2.11 ,
8.A.104.1.9 ,
1.A.87.2.3 ,
8.A.104.1.5 ,
2.A.133.1.3