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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments The enzyme from rabbit muscle displays absolute stereoselectivity for the beta-anomer of D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate [9-11]. D-Tagatose 6-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate can act as acceptors. UTP, CTP and ITP can act as donors. Not identical with EC 2.7.1.105 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase.
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Saccharomyces cerevisiae The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
phosphofructokinase, 6-phosphofructokinase, 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase, pfk-1, phosphofructokinase-1, pfk-m, phosphofructokinase 1, atp-dependent phosphofructokinase, atp-pfk, pfk-l,
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6-phosphofructokinase, platelet type
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6-phosphofructose 1-kinase
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6-phosphofructose-1-kinase
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ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase
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D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase
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fructose 6-phosphate kinase
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fructose 6-phosphokinase
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kinase, phosphofructo- (phosphorylating)
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nucleotide triphosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase
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phospho-1,6-fructokinase
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phosphofructokinase
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phosphofructokinase 1
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phosphohexokinase
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PFK1
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ATP + beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate = ADP + beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
ATP + beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate = ADP + beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
mechanism
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ATP + beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate = ADP + beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
K-type allosteric enzyme, ordered sequential mechanism at pH 6.4
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ATP + beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate = ADP + beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
structure-oriented allosteric four-state model describing substrate and effector actions on PFK
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phospho group transfer
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ATP:D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase
The enzyme from rabbit muscle displays absolute stereoselectivity for the beta-anomer of D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate [9-11]. D-Tagatose 6-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate can act as acceptors. UTP, CTP and ITP can act as donors. Not identical with EC 2.7.1.105 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase.
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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?
ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
CTP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
CDP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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?
GTP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
GDP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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?
ITP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
IDP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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?
UTP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
UDP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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?
additional information
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structure of the ATP-bound state of phosphofructokinase determined by cryo-electron microscopy
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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?
ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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poor substrates are fructose 1-phosphate, glucose 1-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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dominant rate-controlling enzyme of glucose degradation via Embden-Meyerhof pathway, involved in generation of glycolytic oscillations
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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the enzyme shows cooperative binding for fructose-6-phosphate and non-cooperative binding for ATP. Pfk1 undergoes a large conformational change upon Mg-ATP binding
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ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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?
ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate
ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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dominant rate-controlling enzyme of glucose degradation via Embden-Meyerhof pathway, involved in generation of glycolytic oscillations
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?
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K+
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K+
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activation at low concentrations
Mg2+
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required for activity
Mg2+
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MgATP is the active substrate
Mg2+
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most effective ion
additional information
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K-type allosteric enzyme
additional information
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not activated by Na+ and Rb+
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D-Fructose 1-phosphate
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ATP
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ATP
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NaF and limited proteolysis protect from inhibition
citrate
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citrate
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strong inhibition
citrate
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cAMP, ADP or fructose 1,6-bisphosphate restore activity
additional information
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not inhibited by GTP
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additional information
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not inhibited by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
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additional information
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not inhibited by ITP, fumarate, tricarballylic acid, CoA, acetyl-CoA
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D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
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D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
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strong positive allosteric action on PFK
phosphate
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synergistic with AMP
ADP
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AMP
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NH4+
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NH4+
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increases maximum activity of PFK and the affinity of PFK to fructose 6-phosphate
NH4+
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activation at low concentrations
additional information
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K-type allosteric enzyme
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additional information
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allosteric enzyme
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additional information
additional information
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additional information
additional information
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kinetic data of various organism
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additional information
additional information
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pH-dependence of kinetic properties of cytosolic and plastid isozymes
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7
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optimum depends on the ATP and fructose 6-phosphate concentration
7.6
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ITP, optima at pH 7.6 and pH 8.2
8.2
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ITP, optima at pH 7.6 and pH 8.2
additional information
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pH-optimum depends on nucleoside triphosphate substrate
additional information
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pH-dependence of kinetic properties
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UniProt
brenda
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brenda
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108000
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x * 98000 + x * 108000, SDS-PAGE
112000
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alpha2beta4alpha2 or beta2alpha4beta2, 4 * 118000 + 4 * 112000, SDS-PAGE
118000
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alpha2beta4alpha2 or beta2alpha4beta2, 4 * 118000 + 4 * 112000, SDS-PAGE
835000
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sedimentation equilibrium analysis
98000
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x * 98000 + x * 108000, SDS-PAGE
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heterooctamer
x-ray crystallography
octamer
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alpha2beta4alpha2 or beta2alpha4beta2, 4 * 118000 + 4 * 112000, SDS-PAGE
octamer
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x * 98000 + x * 108000, SDS-PAGE
octamer
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the structure of Pfk1 (beta2alpha4beta2) in the T-state (generated by incubating the enzyme with saturating amounts of Mg-ATP) is determined by cryo-electron microscopy
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hanging drop vapor diffusion method, using 6-10% (w/v) PEG 4000 and 0.2 mM sodium acetate in 0.1 M 4-morpholineethanesulfonic acid buffer (pH 6.0)
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6 - 9
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fructose 6-phosphate, ATP or NH4+ stabilizes at 4°C
640469
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dilution leads to enzyme dissociation
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fructose 6-phosphate, ATP or ammonium sulfate stabilizes during dialysis and storage at pH 6-9
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PMSF stabilizes during purification
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-15°C, at least 4 weeks
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0°C, dilute enzyme solution in 5 mM imidazole-HCl buffer, pH 7, 1 mM D-fructose 6-phosphate, 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.5 mM PMSF, 6 h, 20% loss of activity
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4°C, concentrated enzyme solution, 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7, 1 mM EDTA, 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.5 mM PMSF, 1 mM fructose 6-phosphate, several months
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4°C, fructose 6-phosphate, ATP or NH4+ stabilizes at pH-values from 6 to 9
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room temperature, 20% loss of activity within 1 month
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PEG 6000 precipitation at 3.5% and 14% (w/v) and Cibacron Blue F3G-A Sephadex G 100 gel filtration
acetone, protamine sulfate, Matrex-blue A, Sephacryl S-300, very rapid purification
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ammonium sulfate, Cibacron Blue F3G-A, gel filtration, ion-exchange
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protamine sulfate, ammonium sulfate, acetone, ammonium sulfate, Bio-Gel, DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite
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Bloxham, D.P.; Lardy, H.A.
Phosphofructokinase
The Enzymes, 3rd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , ed. )
8
239-278
1973
Klebsiella aerogenes, Arthrobacter crystallopoietes, Glutamicibacter nicotianae, Bos taurus, Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Gallus gallus, Clostridium pasteurianum, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Daucus carota, Dictyostelium discoideum, Escherichia coli, Fasciola hepatica, Thermus thermophilus, Ovis aries, Homo sapiens, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Mus musculus, Neurospora crassa, Pisum sativum, Rattus norvegicus, Zea mays
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brenda
Hofmann, E.; Kopperschlger, G.
Phosphofructokinase from yeast
Methods Enzymol.
90
49-60
1982
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Stellwagen, E.; Wilgus, H.
Phosphofructokinase from rabbit skeletal muscle
Methods Enzymol.
42C
78-85
1975
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Welch, P.; Scopes, R.K.
Rapid purification and crystallization of yeast phosphofructokinase
Anal. Biochem.
112
154-157
1981
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Barcena, M.; Radermacher, M.; Baer, J.; Kopperschlaeger, G.; Ruiz, T.
The structure of the ATP-bound state of S. cerevisiae phosphofructokinase determined by cryo-electron microscopy
J. Struct. Biol.
159
135-143
2007
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Banaszak, K.; Mechin, I.; Obmolova, G.; Oldham, M.; Chang, S.H.; Ruiz, T.; Radermacher, M.; Kopperschlaeger, G.; Rypniewski, W.
The crystal structures of eukaryotic phosphofructokinases from bakers yeast and rabbit skeletal muscle
J. Mol. Biol.
407
284-297
2011
Oryctolagus cuniculus (P00511), Oryctolagus cuniculus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P16862), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda