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Information on EC 2.6.1.2 - alanine transaminase

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EC Tree
     2 Transferases
         2.6 Transferring nitrogenous groups
             2.6.1 Transaminases
                2.6.1.2 alanine transaminase
IUBMB Comments
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein. 2-Aminobutanoate can act slowly instead of alanine.
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This record set is specific for:
UNIPROT: Q9P9M8
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Word Map
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
Synonyms
alanine aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, alat, pyruvate transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, alanine-aminotransferase, alaat, l-alanine aminotransferase, c-aat, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
alanine aminotransferase
-
-
-
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alanine-alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase
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-
-
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alanine-pyruvate aminotransferase
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-
-
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ALT
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-
-
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aminotransferase, alanine
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-
-
-
beta-alanine aminotransferase
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-
-
-
glutamic acid-pyruvic acid transaminase
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-
-
-
glutamic-alanine transaminase
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-
-
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glutamic-pyruvic aminotransferase
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-
-
-
glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
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-
-
-
GPT
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-
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L-alanine aminotransferase
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-
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L-alanine transaminase
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-
-
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L-alanine-alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase
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-
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pyruvate transaminase
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-
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pyruvate-alanine aminotransferase
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pyruvate-glutamate transaminase
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-
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-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
amino group transfer
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein. 2-Aminobutanoate can act slowly instead of alanine.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9000-86-6
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate
malate + L-glutamate
show the reaction diagram
14% of activity with glutamate and pyruvate
-
?
aspartate + pyruvate
malate + alanine
show the reaction diagram
10% of activity with alanine and 2-oxoglutarate
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
show the reaction diagram
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.02 - 1.1
2-oxoglutarate
2.8
alanine
pH 7.2, 80°C, native enzyme
4.3 - 4.7
glutamate
3.2 - 4
L-alanine
0.9
L-glutamate
pH 8.0, 20°C
5.4 - 16.5
pyruvate
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
158
native enzyme
243
recombinant enzyme
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
6.5 - 7.8
native and recombinant enzyme
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
5.5 - 8.2
native and recombinant enzyme
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
30 - 95
native and recombinant enzyme
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
Q9P9M8_9EURY
398
0
45335
TrEMBL
-
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
46000
2 * 46000, SDS-PAGE
93400
gel filtration
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
2 * 46000, SDS-PAGE
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
native enzyme, Q-Sepharose, phenyl-Sepharose, hydroxyapatite, S-Sepharose, Mono Q, Superdex 200, recombinant enzyme, heat treatment, Mono Q
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression in Escherichia coli
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
agriculture
expression of AlaAT variants from diverse sources and different subcellular locations, in the wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 background and alaat1, alaat2 knockout background under various conditions. Both the physical and physiological properties of AlaAT over-expressing transgenic plants demonstrate significant differences between plants expressing the different AlaAT enzymes under different external conditions. Plants over-expressing Mus musculus AlaAT1 and Hordeum vulgare AlaAT constitutively show increased leaf area.Pyrococcus furiosus AlaAT over-expressing cells take-up external leucine and alanine more effectively
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Ward, D.E.; Kengen, S.W.; van Der Oost, J.; de Vos, W.M.
Purification and characterization of the alanine aminotransferase from the hyperthermophilic Archaeon pyrococcus furiosus and its role in alanine production
J. Bacteriol.
182
2559-2566
2000
Pyrococcus furiosus (Q9P9M8), Pyrococcus furiosus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
McAllister, C.H.; Good, A.G.
Alanine aminotransferase variants conferring diverse NUE phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana
PLoS ONE
10
e0121830
2015
Hordeum vulgare (P52894), Hordeum vulgare, Mus musculus (Q8QZR5), Pyrococcus furiosus (Q9P9M8)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
McAllister, C.H.; Facette, M.; Holt, A.; Good, A.G.
Analysis of the enzymatic properties of a broad family of alanine aminotransferases
PLoS ONE
8
e55032
2013
Medicago truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana (F4I7I0), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LDV4), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P52893), Hordeum vulgare (P52894), Mus musculus (Q8QZR5), Pyrococcus furiosus (Q9P9M8)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team