Geranylgeranyl diphosphate is preferred over farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate [1]. The plant Arabidopsis thaliana has two different enzymes that catalyse this reaction. SPS1 contributes to the biosynthesis of the ubiquinone side-chain while SPS2 supplies the precursor of the plastoquinone side-chains [2].
co-expression network of the Arabidopsis thaliana solanesyl-diphosphate synthase family; co-expression network of the Arabidopsis thaliana solanesyl-diphosphate synthase family
RNAi-mediated depletion of TbSPPS leads to severe growth inhibition. Ablation of TbSPPS by RNAi will decrease the function of the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle, which is cured by application of glycerol. The viability of the BSF cells is compromised upon RNAi induction, phenotype overview. Addition of ubiquinone to the medium alleviates the effect of RNAi-mediated depletion of TbSPPS
in contrast to other plastochromanol-8 biosynthetic mutants, neither the single atsps knock-outs nor the atsps1 atsps2 double knock-out display any defects in tocopherols accumulation or germination; leaves of the atsps2 knock-out are devoid of plastochromanol-8 and display severe losses of both non-photoactive and photoactive plastoquinone-9, resulting in near complete photoinhibition at high light intensity. The photoinhbition is paralleled by significant damage to photosystem II but not to photosystem I. In contrast to other plastochromanol-8 biosynthetic mutants, neither the single atsps knock-outs nor the atsps1 atsps2 double knock-out display any defects in tocopherols accumulation or germination
knockout of genes AtSPS1 and AtSPS2 causes a reduction in plastoquinone-9 content in leaves, and the leaves exhibit light suppression of photosynthetic system II under high-intensity light; knockout of genes AtSPS1 and AtSPS2 causes a reduction in plastoquinone-9 content in leaves, and the leaves exhibit light suppression of photosynthetic system II under high-intensity light
FBN5-B is required for plastoquinone-9 biosynthesis through its interaction with enzyme SPS; the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of solanesyl diphosphate and plastoquinone-9; the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of solanesyl diphosphate and plastoquinone-9. FBN5-B is required for plastoquinone-9 biosynthesis through its interaction with enzyme SPS
FBN5-B is required for plastoquinone-9 biosynthesis through its interaction with enzyme SPS; the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of solanesyl diphosphate and plastoquinone-9; the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of solanesyl diphosphate and plastoquinone-9. FBN5-B is required for plastoquinone-9 biosynthesis through its interaction with enzyme SPS
plastid isoforms of solanesyl-diphosphate synthase catalyze the elongation of the prenyl side chain involved in the plastoquinone-9 and plastochromanol-8 biosynthesis, plastochromanol-8 originates from a subfraction of the non-photoactive pool of plastoquinone-9; plastid isoforms of solanesyl-diphosphate synthase catalyze the elongation of the prenyl side chain involved in the plastoquinone-9 and plastochromanol-8 biosynthesis, plastochromanol-8 originates from a subfraction of the non-photoactive pool of plastoquinone-9
solanesyl diphosphate synthase, Sps, is a key enzyme in the metabolic pathways of solanesol and plastoquinone biosynthesis; solanesyl diphosphate synthase, Sps, is a key enzyme in the metabolic pathways of solanesol and plastoquinone biosynthesis
enzyme SlSPS is necessary for normal chloroplast structure and function; solanesyl diphosphate synthase, Sps, is a key enzyme in the metabolic pathways of solanesol and plastoquinone biosynthesis
Arabidopsis thaliana SPS1-overexpressing lines are much more resistant to photooxidative stress than the wild-type, showing marked decreases in leaf bleaching, lipid peroxidation and PSII photoinhibition under excess light. Comparison of the SPS1 overexpressors with other prenyl quinone mutants indicates that the enhanced phototolerance of the former plants is directly related to their increased capacities for plastoquinone-9 biosynthesis, phenotype, overview
Arabidopsis thaliana SPS1-overexpressing lines are much more resistant to photooxidative stress than the wild-type, showing marked decreases in leaf bleaching, lipid peroxidation and PSII photoinhibition under excess light. Comparison of the SPS1 overexpressors with other prenyl quinone mutants indicates that the enhanced phototolerance of the former plants is directly related to their increased capacities for plastoquinone-9 biosynthesis, phenotype, overview
no activity with dimethylallyl diphosphate and geranyl diphosphate, recombinant His6-tagged At-SPS2 fusion protein and truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
no activity with dimethylallyl diphosphate and geranyl diphosphate, recombinant His6-tagged At-SPS2 fusion protein and truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
FBN5-B, fibrillin 5B specifically interacts with solanesyl diphosphate synthase 1, which biosynthesize the solanesyl moiety of plastoquinone-9. Plants containing defective FBN5-B accumulate less plastoquinone-9 and its cyclized product, plastochromanol-8, but the levels of tocopherols are not affected. Homozygous mutations in FBN5 are seedling-lethal. FBN5-B is required for PQ-9 biosynthesis through its interaction with enzyme SPS. FBN5 binding to the hydrophobic solanesyl moiety, which is generated by SPS1, in FBN5 B/SPS homodimeric complexes stimulates the enzyme activity of SPS1; FBN5-B, fibrillin 5B specifically interacts with solanesyl diphosphate synthase 2, which biosynthesize the solanesyl moiety of plastoquinone-9. Plants containing defective FBN5-B accumulate less plastoquinone-9 and its cyclized product, plastochromanol-8, but the levels of tocopherols are not affected. Homozygous mutations in FBN5 are seedling-lethal. FBN5-B is required for PQ-9 biosynthesis through its interaction with enzyme SPS. FBN5 binding to the hydrophobic solanesyl moiety, which is generated by SPS2, in FBN5 B/SPS homodimeric complexes stimulates the enzyme activity of SPS2
pH 8.0, 30°C, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus), truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, cosubstrate: geranylgeranyl diphosphate, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, cosubstrate: farnesyl diphosphate, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus), truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, cosubstrate: geranylgeranyl diphosphate, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, cosubstrate: farnesyl diphosphate, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus), truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, cosubstrate: farnesyl diphosphate, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
pH 8.0, 30°C, cosubstrate: geranylgeranyl diphosphate, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
recombinant His6-tagged At-SPS2 fusion protein partially purified to about 10% purity, truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus) is purified to about 90% purity
expression in Escherichia coli, His6-tagged At-SPS2 fusion protein and the truncated from of At-SPS2 (At-SPS2DELTA, in which the 30 N-terminal residues of the putative signal-peptide are removed and, instead the His6 tag is attached to the N-terminus)
gene AtSPS1, overexpressing of the plastoquinone-9 biosynthesis gene SPS1 in Arabidopsis thaliana generating plants that specifically accumulate plastoquinone-9 and its derivative plastochromanol-8
gene SlSPS, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli. In planta, constitutive overexpression of SlSPS elevates the plastoquinone content of immature tobacco leaves
heterologous expression of either SPS1 allows the generation of UQ-9 in a decaprenyl diphosphate synthase-defective strain of fission yeast and also in wild-type Escherichia coli; heterologous expression of SPS1 allows the generation of UQ-9 in a decaprenyl diphosphate synthase-defective strain of fission yeast and also in wild-type Escherichia coli
construction of a T-DNA insertion mutant SALK_064292 from gene At1g17050 encoding AtSPS2; construction of a T-DNA insertion mutant SALK_126948 from gene At1g78510 encoding AtSPS1
virus-induced gene silencing. The gene SlSPS is not able to complement silencing of gene SlDPS, encoding a decaprenyl diphosphate synthase, EC 2.5.1.86
inhibition of TbSPPS expression by RNAi, inducible by tetracycline, causes effects of TbSPPS RNAi onmRNAand protein levels in the procyclic stage, viability of the BSF cells is also compromised upon RNAi induction, phenotype
inhibition of TbSPPS expression by RNAi, inducible by tetracycline, causes effects of TbSPPS RNAi onmRNAand protein levels in the procyclic stage, viability of the BSF cells is also compromised upon RNAi induction, phenotype