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Information on EC 2.5.1.81 - geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase and Organism(s) Aeropyrum pernix and UniProt Accession Q9UWR6

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IUBMB Comments
The enzyme from Methanosarcina mazei is involved in biosynthesis of the polyprenyl side-chain of methanophenazine, an electron carrier utilized for methanogenesis. It prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate . The enzyme from Aeropyrum pernix prefers farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of C25-C25 membrane lipids .
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This record set is specific for:
Aeropyrum pernix
UNIPROT: Q9UWR6
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Aeropyrum pernix
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Archaea, Eukaryota, Bacteria
Synonyms
geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase, fgpp synthase, gfdps, c25 farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
C25 FGPP synthase
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FGPP synthase
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate transtransferase (adding 1 isopentenyl unit)
The enzyme from Methanosarcina mazei is involved in biosynthesis of the polyprenyl side-chain of methanophenazine, an electron carrier utilized for methanogenesis. It prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate [1]. The enzyme from Aeropyrum pernix prefers farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of C25-C25 membrane lipids [2].
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 4 isopentenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + 4 diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
dimethylallyl diphosphate shows 28% of the activity with farnesyl diphosphate
large amounts of intermediates are formed: geranyl diphosphate, farnesyl diphosphate, geranylgeranyl diphosphate
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?
geranyl diphosphate + 3 isopentenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + 3 diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
geranyl diphosphate shows 72% of the activity with farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
geranylgeranyl diphosphate shows 65% of the activity with farnesyl diphosphate
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-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
Aeropyrum pernix does not possess geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase and has only C25-C25 ether lipids, but no C20-containing ether lipids. Aeropyrum pernix farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase is important in the biosynthesis of the hydrocarbon moiety of membrane lipids
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-
?
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
SwissProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
GFPS_AERPX
318
0
34982
Swiss-Prot
-
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Escherichia coli as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein
expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Tachibana, A.; Yano, Y.; Otani, S.; Nomura, N.; Sako, Y.; Taniguchi, M.
Novel prenyltransferase gene encoding farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase from a hyperthermophilic archaeon,Aeropyrum pernix. Molecular evolution with alteration in product specificity
Eur. J. Biochem.
267
321-328
2000
Aeropyrum pernix (Q9UWR6), Aeropyrum pernix
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lee, P.C.; Mijts, B.N.; Petri, R.; Watts, K.T.; Schmidt-Dannert, C.
Alteration of product specificity of Aeropyrum pernix farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (Fgs) by directed evolution
Protein Eng. Des. Sel.
17
771-777
2004
Aeropyrum pernix (Q9UWR6), Aeropyrum pernix
Manually annotated by BRENDA team