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Information on EC 2.5.1.26 - alkylglycerone-phosphate synthase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC2.5.1.26
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EC Tree 2 Transferases
2.5 Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups
2.5.1 Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups (only sub-subclass identified to date)
2.5.1.26 alkylglycerone-phosphate synthase
IUBMB Comments
The ester-linked fatty acid of the substrate is cleaved and replaced by a long-chain alcohol in an ether linkage.
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
- 2.5.1.26
- ether
- shikimate
- dah7ps
- chorismate
- plasmalogens
-
chondrodysplasia
-
rhizomelic
- punctata
- zellweger
- prephenate
-
phenylalanine-sensitive
- dhap-at
-
4.1.2.15
-
tyrosine-sensitive
-
8-phosphate
- hexadecanol
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5-enolpyruvylshikimate
- d-erythrose
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tryptophan-sensitive
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plasmalogen-deficient
- medicine
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dihydroxyacetone-phosphate
- pharmacology
Reaction Schemes
showSynonyms
3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase, alkyl-dhap, alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, alkylglycerone phosphate synthase, alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase, alkylglyceronephosphate synthase, alkyldihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase, alkylglycerone-phosphate synthase, alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate-synthase, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase
AGPS
alkyl DHAP synthetase
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alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase
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alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthetase
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alkyl-DHAP
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alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate-synthase
alkyldihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase
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alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase
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alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthetase
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alkylglycerone phosphate synthase
DHAP-S
synthase, alkylglycerone phosphate
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synthetase, alkyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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alkylglycerone phosphate synthase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
long-chain acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol = long-chain alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain carboxylate
long-chain acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol = long-chain alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain carboxylate
mechanism
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long-chain acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol = long-chain alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain carboxylate
mechanism
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long-chain acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol = long-chain alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain carboxylate
ping-pong mechanism
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long-chain acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol = long-chain alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain carboxylate
ping-pong mechanism
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long-chain acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol = long-chain alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain carboxylate
enzyme also catalyzes the following reactions: 1. acyl exchange reaction in which palmitic acid is incorporated into palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate, 2. alkyl exchange reaction in which hexadecanol is incorporated into hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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long-chain acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol = long-chain alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain carboxylate
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ether formation
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
1-acyl-glycerone-3-phosphate:long-chain-alcohol O-3-phospho-2-oxopropanyltransferase
The ester-linked fatty acid of the substrate is cleaved and replaced by a long-chain alcohol in an ether linkage.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
102484-74-2
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64060-42-0
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol
an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
long-chain acid anion + 1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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oleoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
oleate + 1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + palmitate
palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + octadecanol
palmitate + 1-O-octadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
stearoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
stearate + 1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
stearoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + octadecanol
stearate + 1-O-octadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol
an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol
an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate is acyldihydroxyacetone phosphate, the ester-linked fatty acid of the substrate is cleaved and replaced by a long-chain alcohol in the ether
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: forms the ether bond found in alkyl and alk-1-enyl glycerolipids
Products: -
Products: -
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1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: first committed step in biosynthesis of ether-linked glycerolipids
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: 2 separate alkylglycerone-phosphate synthases, one in microsomes and another in peroxisomes might be engaged in biosynthesis of 1-O-alkylglycerolipids in rat liver
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + palmitate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + palmitate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
ir
palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + palmitate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + palmitate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + octadecanol
palmitate + 1-O-octadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + octadecanol
palmitate + 1-O-octadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + octadecanol
palmitate + 1-O-octadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + octadecanol
palmitate + 1-O-octadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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stearoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
stearate + 1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
stearoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanol
stearate + 1-O-hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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additional information
additional information
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Substrates: overview on substrate specificity
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additional information
additional information
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Substrates: overview on substrate specificity
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additional information
additional information
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Substrates: specific for acyldihydroxyacetone phosphate, acyldihydroxyacetone or 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate cannot substitute for acyldihydroxyacetone phosphate, the acyl group chain length in acyldihydroxyacetone phosphate should be C12 or longer
Products: -
Products: -
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additional information
additional information
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Substrates: alkyldihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase also catalyzes the following reactions: 1. acyl exchange reaction in which palmitic acid is incorporated into palmitoyldihydroxyacetone phosphate, 2. alkyl exchange reaction in which hexadecanol is incorporated into hexadecyldihydroxyacetone phosphate
Products: -
Products: -
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additional information
additional information
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Substrates: -
Products: two reaction products: alkylglycerone phosphate and alkylglycerone, alkylglycerone phosphate is mainly synthesized by the peroxisomal synthase, whereas the inverse proportion is observed with the microsomal enzyme
Products: two reaction products: alkylglycerone phosphate and alkylglycerone, alkylglycerone phosphate is mainly synthesized by the peroxisomal synthase, whereas the inverse proportion is observed with the microsomal enzyme
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol
an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol
an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol
an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: forms the ether bond found in alkyl and alk-1-enyl glycerolipids
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: first committed step in biosynthesis of ether-linked glycerolipids
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain alcohol
alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + long-chain acid anion + H+
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Substrates: 2 separate alkylglycerone-phosphate synthases, one in microsomes and another in peroxisomes might be engaged in biosynthesis of 1-O-alkylglycerolipids in rat liver
Products: -
Products: -
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(3S)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-((2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)methyl)butanamide
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(3S)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-((2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)methyl)butanamide
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3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-N-((2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)methyl)butanamide
the inhibitor show higher binding affinity but retains the binding mode observed for (3S)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-((2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)methyl)butanamide with the second fluorine atom likely enhancing the hydrophobic interactions with the aliphatic residues surrounding the substrate tunnel
3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-N-((2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)methyl)butanamide
the inhibitor show higher binding affinity but retains the binding mode observed for (3S)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-((2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)methyl)butanamide with the second fluorine atom likely enhancing the hydrophobic interactions with the aliphatic residues surrounding the substrate tunnel
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
alkylglycerone-phosphate synthase deficiency
Human alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase deficiency: a new peroxisomal disorder.
Alzheimer Disease
Plasmalogen synthesis is regulated via alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate-synthase by amyloid precursor protein processing and is affected in Alzheimer's disease.
Breast Neoplasms
Computer-aided drug design and inhibitive effect of a novel nitrogenous heterocyclic compound and its mechanism on glioma U251 cells and breast cancer MCF-7 cells.
Carcinoma
Alkylglyceronephosphate synthase (AGPS) alters lipid signaling pathways and supports chemotherapy resistance of glioma and hepatic carcinoma cell lines.
Carcinoma
Role and mechanism of the alkylglycerone phosphate synthase in suppressing the invasion potential of human glioma and hepatic carcinoma cells in vitro.
Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic
Ether lipid biosynthesis: alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase protein deficiency leads to reduced dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase activities.
Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic
Immunological analyses of alkyl-dihydroxyacetone-phosphate synthase in human peroxisomal disorders.
Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic
Stability of alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase in human control and peroxisomal disorder fibroblasts.
Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic
The crucial step in ether phospholipid biosynthesis: structural basis of a noncanonical reaction associated with a peroxisomal disorder.
Glioma
Alkylglyceronephosphate synthase (AGPS) alters lipid signaling pathways and supports chemotherapy resistance of glioma and hepatic carcinoma cell lines.
Glioma
Computer-aided drug design and inhibitive effect of a novel nitrogenous heterocyclic compound and its mechanism on glioma U251 cells and breast cancer MCF-7 cells.
Glioma
Effect of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase on the expression levels of lncRNAs in glioma cells and its functional prediction.
Glioma
Role and mechanism of the alkylglycerone phosphate synthase in suppressing the invasion potential of human glioma and hepatic carcinoma cells in vitro.
Glioma
The effect of benzyl isothiocyanate and its computer-aided design derivants targeting alkylglycerone phosphate synthase on the inhibition of human glioma U87MG cell line.
Glioma
Tudor-staphylococcal nuclease regulates the expression and biological function of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase via nuclear factor-?B and microRNA-127 in human glioma U87MG cells.
Infections
The pathogenic white-rot fungus Heterobasidion parviporum triggers non-specific defence responses in the bark of Norway spruce.
Motor Neuron Disease
Nuclear lipidome is altered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A pilot study.
Neoplasms
Alkylglyceronephosphate synthase (AGPS) alters lipid signaling pathways and supports chemotherapy resistance of glioma and hepatic carcinoma cell lines.
Neoplasms
Development of alkyl glycerone phosphate synthase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationship and effects on ether lipids and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells.
Neoplasms
Effect of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase on the expression levels of lncRNAs in glioma cells and its functional prediction.
Neoplasms
Ether lipid generating enzyme AGPS alters the balance of structural and signaling lipids to fuel cancer pathogenicity.
Neoplasms
Inhibitory effect of isothiocyanate derivant targeting AGPS by computer-aid drug design on proliferation of glioma and hepatic carcinoma cells.
Neoplasms
Role and mechanism of the alkylglycerone phosphate synthase in suppressing the invasion potential of human glioma and hepatic carcinoma cells in vitro.
Neoplasms
Tudor-staphylococcal nuclease regulates the expression and biological function of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase via nuclear factor-?B and microRNA-127 in human glioma U87MG cells.
Peroxisomal Disorders
Alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase. Fate in peroxisome biogenesis disorders and identification of the point mutation underlying a single enzyme deficiency.
Peroxisomal Disorders
Human alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase deficiency: a new peroxisomal disorder.
Peroxisomal Disorders
Immunological analyses of alkyl-dihydroxyacetone-phosphate synthase in human peroxisomal disorders.
Peroxisomal Disorders
Immunological localization and tissue distribution of alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase and deficiency of the enzyme in peroxisomal disorders.
Peroxisomal Disorders
Stability of alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase in human control and peroxisomal disorder fibroblasts.
Peroxisomal Disorders
The crucial step in ether phospholipid biosynthesis: structural basis of a noncanonical reaction associated with a peroxisomal disorder.
Protein Deficiency
Ether lipid biosynthesis: alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase protein deficiency leads to reduced dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase activities.
Refsum Disease, Infantile
Infantile Refsum disease: deficiency of catalase-containing particles (peroxisomes), alkyldihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase and peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzyme proteins.
Thyroid Neoplasms
Effect of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase on the expression profile of circRNAs in the human thyroid cancer cell line FRO.
Tuberculosis
A single amino acid substitution uncouples catalysis and allostery in an essential biosynthetic enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis
DAHP synthase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv: cloning, expression, and purification of functional enzyme.
Tuberculosis
Evolving the naturally compromised chorismate mutase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis to top performance.
Tuberculosis
Inhibition of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: in silico screening and in vitro validation.
Tuberculosis
The structure of 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals a common catalytic scaffold and ancestry for type I and type II enzymes.
Zellweger Syndrome
Alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase in human fibroblasts and its deficiency in Zellweger syndrome.
Zellweger Syndrome
Defective lipid remodeling of GPI anchors in peroxisomal disorders, Zellweger syndrome, and rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata.
Zellweger Syndrome
Immunological analyses of alkyl-dihydroxyacetone-phosphate synthase in human peroxisomal disorders.
Zellweger Syndrome
Isolation of animal cell mutants deficient in plasmalogen biosynthesis and peroxisome assembly.
Zellweger Syndrome
Properties of the enzymes catalyzing the biosynthesis of lysophosphatidate and its ether analog in cultured fibroblasts from Zellweger syndrome patients and normal controls.
Zellweger Syndrome
Stability of alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase in human control and peroxisomal disorder fibroblasts.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.5
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
6.5 - 9
-
pH 6.5: about 50% of maximum activity, pH 9.0: about 30% of maximum activity
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
37
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
the enzyme is upregulated in multiple types of cancer cells and primary tumors
brenda
the enzyme is upregulated in multiple types of cancer cells and primary tumors
brenda
additional information
additional information
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enzyme is present in all tissues examined, overview
brenda
additional information
-
enzyme is present in all tissues examined, overview
brenda
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
at least the active site of the integral membrane protein is localized exclusively at the inner surface of the peroxisomal membrane
brenda
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
malfunction
-
in plasmalogen-deficient Chinese hamster ovary mutant, ZPEG251, alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, is defective. ADAPS mRNA is barely detectable by Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses. Defect of ADAPS expression is also assessed by immunoblot. Ectopic expression of ADAPS-EGFP, enhances the plasmalogen level
malfunction
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AGPS protein level and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen level are decreased in amyloid-beta protein precursor-deficient cells and brains, overview
malfunction
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AGPS protein level and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen level are decreased in amyloid-beta protein precursor-deficient cells and brains, overview
malfunction
cataracts and male infertility in blind sterile 2 (bs2) mice are caused by a spontaneous hypomorphic mutation in gene agp. Infertility in bs2 mice is due to the aberrant formation of multicellular cellular clusters that undergo apoptosis. The majority of Agps knock-out mice die embryonically. Correlations of RCDP3 and bs2 phenotypes, detailed overview
malfunction
knockdown of enzyme AGPS restores the drug sensitivity in glioma U-87MG/DDP and hepatic carcinoma Hep-G2/ADM cell lines. Silencing of AGPS leads to reduced cellular level of lysophosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidic acid-ether and prostaglandin E2, which can fuel aggressive and progress of cancer. Knockdown of AGPS also results in downregulation of multi-drug resistance proteins and anti-apoptosis proteins
malfunction
mutations in alkylglycerone phosphate synthase cause rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, RCDP type 3 (RCDP3), a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by congenital cataracts, shortening of the pr