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Information on EC 2.4.1.243 - 6G-fructosyltransferase
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2.4.1.243 6G-fructosyltransferaseIUBMB Comments
Inulins are polysaccharides consisting of linear or branched D-fructofuranosyl chains attached to the fructosyl residue of sucrose by a beta(2->1) linkage. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of the terminal (2->1)-linked -D-fructosyl group of an inulin chain onto O-6 position of the glucose residue of another inulin molecule . For example, if 1-kestose [1F-(beta-D-fructofuranosyl)sucrose] is both the donor and recipient in the reaction shown above, i.e., if m = 1 and n = 1, then the products will be sucrose and 6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose. In this notation, the superscripts F and G are used to specify whether the fructose or glucose residue of the sucrose carries the substituent. Alternatively, this may be indicated by the presence and/or absence of primes (see {iupac/2carb/36#362::http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/2carb/36.html#362}). Sucrose cannot be a donor substrate in the reaction (i.e. m cannot be zero) and inulin cannot act as an acceptor. Side reactions catalysed are transfer of a beta-D-fructosyl group between compounds of the structure 1F-(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)m-6G-(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)n sucrose, where m >= 0 and n = 1 for the donor, and m >= 0 and n >= 0 for the acceptor.
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Word Map
- 2.4.1.243
- fructans
- onion
- fructosyltransferases
- invertases
- 1-kestose
-
sucrose:sucrose
- fructose
- vacuolar
-
lolium
- perenne
-
perennial
- inulin
- ryegrass
-
pichia
-
6-fructosyltransferase
- polymerization
- fructooligosaccharides
- grass
-
sucrose:fructan
-
sheaths
-
sucrose-binding
-
exohydrolase
- officinalis
- asparagus
-
blades
-
cool-season
- agave
-
sink-source
-
forage
- tequilana
- agriculture
- neokestose
- beta-fructosidase
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
6g-fft, fructan:fructan 6g-fructosyltransferase, fructan-fructan 6g-fructosyltransferase, 6g-fructosyltransferase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
6(G)-fructosyltransferase/2,1-fructan:2,1-fructan 1-fructosyltransferase
bifunctional enzyme
6G-FFT
Atq6G-FFT-1
Atq6G-FFT-2
fructan: fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase
fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase
fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase/fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
[1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]m+1 alpha-D-glucopyranoside + [1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]n alpha-D-glucopyranoside = [1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]m alpha-D-glucopyranoside + [1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]n beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside
m > 0, n ? 0
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
1F-oligo[beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]sucrose 6G-beta-D-fructotransferase
Inulins are polysaccharides consisting of linear or branched D-fructofuranosyl chains attached to the fructosyl residue of sucrose by a beta(2->1) linkage. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of the terminal (2->1)-linked -D-fructosyl group of an inulin chain onto O-6 position of the glucose residue of another inulin molecule [1]. For example, if 1-kestose [1F-(beta-D-fructofuranosyl)sucrose] is both the donor and recipient in the reaction shown above, i.e., if m = 1 and n = 1, then the products will be sucrose and 6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose. In this notation, the superscripts F and G are used to specify whether the fructose or glucose residue of the sucrose carries the substituent. Alternatively, this may be indicated by the presence and/or absence of primes (see {iupac/2carb/36#362::http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/2carb/36.html#362}). Sucrose cannot be a donor substrate in the reaction (i.e. m cannot be zero) and inulin cannot act as an acceptor. Side reactions catalysed are transfer of a beta-D-fructosyl group between compounds of the structure 1F-(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)m-6G-(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)n sucrose, where m >= 0 and n = 1 for the donor, and m >= 0 and n >= 0 for the acceptor.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
79633-28-6
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-kestose + 1-kestose
D-sucrose + 1G-kestotetraose + 6G-kestotetraose
6G-FFT activity
-
-
?
1-kestose + sucrose
1,1-kestotetraose + 1G-kestotetraose + 6G-kestotetraose
-
-
prolonged incubation produces a complex fructan series with a higher degree of polymerization
-
?
1F(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)2 sucrose + sucrose
1F,6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose + ?
-
i.e. nystose
-
-
?
1F(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)3 sucrose + sucrose
1F,6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose + ?
1F(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)sucrose + sucrose
1F,6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose + ?
-
i.e. 1-kestose
-
-
?
1F,6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose + sucrose
1-kestose + 1-kestose
-
-
reverse reaction
-
r
4 1-kestose
sucrose + 1G-kestotetraose + 6G-kestotetraose + H2O
-
-
-
?
1-kestose + 3 sucrose
3 neokestose + H2O
-
-
plus a 4c tetrasaccharide moiety
-
?
1-kestose + 3 sucrose
3 neokestose + H2O
-
-
plus a 4c tetrasaccharide moiety
-
?
1-kestose + 3 sucrose
3 neokestose + H2O
-
plus fructans of the inulin neoseries with a degree of polymerization up to six
-
?
1-kestose + sucrose
1,1-kestotetraose + 1,6-kestotetraose
-
neither this fructan nor the subsequent mixed series is found in vivo in the tissues of Lolium perenne
-
?
1-kestose + sucrose
1,1-kestotetraose + 1,6-kestotetraose
-
neither this fructan nor the subsequent mixed series is found in vivo in the tissues of Lolium perenne
-
?
1F(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)3 sucrose + sucrose
1F,6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose + ?
-
i.e. fructosyl nystose
-
-
?
1F(1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl)3 sucrose + sucrose
1F,6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose + ?
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the Atq6GFFT-1 consensus sequence is DPCG, Atq6GFFT-1 and Atq6G-1FFT-2 utilize primarily 1-kestose as a substrate, a Asn/Trp couple is involved in substrate recognition
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the Atq6GFFT-1 consensus sequence is DPCG, Atq6GFFT-1 and Atq6G-1FFT-2 utilize primarily 1-kestose as a substrate, a Asn/Trp couple is involved in substrate recognition
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
plays an important role in the synthesis of inulin and inulinneo-series fructo-oligosaccharides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
main products are inulin neoseries fructan, such as 1F,6G-di-beta-D-fructofuranosylsucrose and neokestose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme possesses both fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase and fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase activities
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme possesses both fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase and fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase activities
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Lolium perenne plants produce a majority of levan neoseries built on the 6G-kestotriose backbone, incubation with both sucrose and 6G-kestotriose allow the synthesis of 6G,6-kestotetraose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Lolium perenne plants produce a majority of levan neoseries built on the 6G-kestotriose backbone, incubation with both sucrose and 6G-kestotriose allow the synthesis of 6G,6-kestotetraose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
both 1-kestotriose and 6G-kestotriose acts as fructosyl acceptors, producing 1- and 6-kestotetraose (bifurcose) and 6G,6-kestotetraose, respectively. 1-Kestotriose is not a fructosyl donor since incubation with 1-kestotriose alone does not lead to the synthesis of a 6-linked fructan. Bifurcose formation ceases and 6G,6-kestotetraose is formed instead, when recombinant fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase, 6G-FFT, is introduced in the enzyme assay with sucrose and 1-kestotriose as substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
both 1-kestotriose and 6G-kestotriose acts as fructosyl acceptors, producing 1- and 6-kestotetraose (bifurcose) and 6G,6-kestotetraose, respectively. 1-Kestotriose is not a fructosyl donor since incubation with 1-kestotriose alone does not lead to the synthesis of a 6-linked fructan. Bifurcose formation ceases and 6G,6-kestotetraose is formed instead, when recombinant fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase, 6G-FFT, is introduced in the enzyme assay with sucrose and 1-kestotriose as substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Lolium perenne plants produce a majority of levan neoseries built on the 6G-kestotriose backbone, incubation with both sucrose and 6G-kestotriose allow the synthesis of 6G,6-kestotetraose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
both 1-kestotriose and 6G-kestotriose acts as fructosyl acceptors, producing 1- and 6-kestotetraose (bifurcose) and 6G,6-kestotetraose, respectively. 1-Kestotriose is not a fructosyl donor since incubation with 1-kestotriose alone does not lead to the synthesis of a 6-linked fructan. Bifurcose formation ceases and 6G,6-kestotetraose is formed instead, when recombinant fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase, 6G-FFT, is introduced in the enzyme assay with sucrose and 1-kestotriose as substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
6G-kestotriose is formed by enzyme 6G-FFT, transferring fructose from 1-kestotriose to sucrose, while the 6G-kestotriose levels formed in the assays with added 1-kestotriose and sucrose are rather small. Rapid chain elongation of 6G-kestotriose into 1+6G-kestotetraose and possibly other higher degree of polymerization fructans
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4 1-kestose
sucrose + 1G-kestotetraose + 6G-kestotetraose + H2O
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
plays an important role in the synthesis of inulin and inulinneo-series fructo-oligosaccharides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Lolium perenne plants produce a majority of levan neoseries built on the 6G-kestotriose backbone, incubation with both sucrose and 6G-kestotriose allow the synthesis of 6G,6-kestotetraose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Lolium perenne plants produce a majority of levan neoseries built on the 6G-kestotriose backbone, incubation with both sucrose and 6G-kestotriose allow the synthesis of 6G,6-kestotetraose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Lolium perenne plants produce a majority of levan neoseries built on the 6G-kestotriose backbone, incubation with both sucrose and 6G-kestotriose allow the synthesis of 6G,6-kestotetraose
-
-
?
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
5.5
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
5 - 6
pH 5.0: about 80% of maximal activity, pH 6.0: about 90% of maximal activity, pH 4.3: about 20% of maximal activity, pH 6.5: about 20% of maximal activity
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
20 - 40
20°C: about 80% of maximal activity, 40°C: about 80% of maximal activity
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
bifunctional 6(G)-fructosyltransferase/2,1-fructan:2,1-fructan 1-fructosyltransferase
Swissprot
brenda
cv. Tenshin, enzyme activity remains stable during 16 weeks of storage at 15°C, but decreases thereafter and increases during week 23 and 24 to almost original level
-
-
brenda
enzyme activity increases progrossively at 10°C and at 20°C during the first four months of storage and remains stable during the following two months. Acitivity at 10°C is slightly higher than at 20°C
-
-
brenda
expression in Pichia pastoris, enzyme has slight fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase activity
Swissprot
brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
the enzyme activity varies slightly during storage of fresh spears in the dark at 10°C for 14 days, while the sugar content is rapidly lost, overview
brenda
additional information
-
developing from anthesis until maturity. 1+6G-Kestotetraose is formed at 5 days after anthesis with both sucrose and 1-kestotriose as substrate and also with sucrose as a single substrate
brenda
the enzyme is predominantly expressed in the basal part of elongating leaves and leaf sheaths
brenda
expression of isoform 6G-FFT1 is associated with low fructan concentrations and positively correlated with fructan exohydrolase gene expression
brenda
the relative expression of the fructan biosynthetic genes 1-SST and 6-SFT, encoding sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase, respectively, and 6G-FFT/1-FFT isoform 6G-FFT 2 correlates positively with the accumulation of fructans in both blades and pseudostems. Isoform 6G-FFT 2 is highly expressed in cultivar E, that accumulatss the highest levels of fructans in this study
brenda
expression of isoform 6G-FFT1 is associated with low fructan concentrations and positively correlated with fructan exohydrolase gene expression
brenda
the relative expression of the fructan biosynthetic genes 1-SST and 6-SFT, encoding sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase, respectively, and 6G-FFT/1-FFT isoform 6G-FFT 2 correlates positively with the accumulation of fructans in both blades and pseudostems. Isoform 6G-FFT 2 is highly expressed in cultivar E, that accumulatss the highest levels of fructans in this study
brenda
additional information
-
age-related expression of Atq6G-FFT-1 in 5 and 7 year old plants, overview
brenda
additional information
-
age-related expression of Atq6G-FFT-1 in 5 and 7 year old plants, overview
-
brenda
additional information
highly expressed in photosynthetically active tissues
brenda
additional information
-
highly expressed in photosynthetically active tissues
brenda
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
physiological function
-
fructan accumulation occurs mainly in the first 2 weeks after anthesis, and a maximal fructan concentration of 2.5 mg fructan per kernel is reached at 16 days after anthesis. Fructan synthesis is catalyzed by 1-SST (sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase) and 6-SFT (sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase), and to a lesser extent by 1-FFT (fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase). Despite the presence of 6G-kestotriose in wheat kernel extracts, the measured 6G-FFT (fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase) activity levels are low
additional information
-
the enzyme activity varies slightly during storage of fresh spears in the dark at 10°C for 14 days, while the sugar content is rapidly lost, overview
metabolism
the enzyme is required for fructan biosynthesis. In the second step, a 6G-FFT produces 6G-kestotriose, using 1-kestotriose as fructosyl donor and sucrose as fructosyl acceptor. In further steps, higher polymeric fructans are synthesized by a 1-FFT activity through beta(2-1)-linked chain elongation or by a 6-FT activity through beta(2-6)-linked chain elongation.The 6G-FFT from Lolium perenne also has 1-FFT activity
metabolism
-
the enzyme is required for fructan biosynthesis. In the second step, a 6G-FFT produces 6G-kestotriose, using 1-kestotriose as fructosyl donor and sucrose as fructosyl acceptor. In further steps, higher polymeric fructans are synthesized by a 1-FFT activity through beta(2-1)-linked chain elongation or by a 6-FT activity through beta(2-6)-linked chain elongation.The 6G-FFT from Lolium perenne also has 1-FFT activity
-
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). GFT_ALLCE
612
1
68631
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 5)
GFT_ASPOF
610
1
68315
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 4)
A0A286TE79_BIFBI
74
1
8541
TrEMBL
-
D2Q5I2_BIFDB
Bifidobacterium dentium (strain ATCC 27534 / DSM 20436 / JCM 1195 / Bd1)
518
0
58276
TrEMBL
-
T2I1Z3_BIFLN
518
0
58048
TrEMBL
-
D2Q7G5_BIFDB
Bifidobacterium dentium (strain ATCC 27534 / DSM 20436 / JCM 1195 / Bd1)
470
0
53304
TrEMBL
-
A0A1R3T0A1_9BACT
321
1
37419
TrEMBL
-
Q8S337_LOLPR
645
0
70231
TrEMBL
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1)
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
69700
-
x * 70700, about, Atq6G-FFT-1, sequence calculation, x * 69700, about, Atq6G-FFT-2, sequence calculation
70700
-
x * 70700, about, Atq6G-FFT-1, sequence calculation, x * 69700, about, Atq6G-FFT-2, sequence calculation
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
?
-
x * 70700, about, Atq6G-FFT-1, sequence calculation, x * 69700, about, Atq6G-FFT-2, sequence calculation
?
-
x * 70700, about, Atq6G-FFT-1, sequence calculation, x * 69700, about, Atq6G-FFT-2, sequence calculation
-
additional information
-
N-terminal amino acid sequence of 52000 Da polypeptide and of 25000 Da polypeptide
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POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
glycoprotein
glycoprotein
-
Atq6G-FFT-1 and Atq6G-FFT-2 contains each seven glycosylation sites
glycoprotein
-
Atq6G-FFT-1 and Atq6G-FFT-2 contains each seven glycosylation sites
-
glycoprotein
sequence contains six potential N-glycosilation sites
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
N84A
preferred addition of fructose to a terminal fructose instead of terminal glucose, producing inulin-type fructans