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Information on EC 2.4.1.207 - xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q9FKL9
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2.4.1.207 xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferaseIUBMB Comments
Does not use cello-oligosaccharides as either donor or acceptor.
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- 2.4.1.207
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- women
- nerve
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postoperative
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school
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student
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eighth
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resect
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adolescent
- bilateral
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tomography
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preoperative
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social
- pregnancy
- girl
- hypertension
- abdominal
- child
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discharged
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services
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depart
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posterior
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january
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ninth
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session
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admitted
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demographic
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physician
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admission
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radiograph
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skill
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radiological
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youth
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rib
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peer
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policy
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committee
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satisfaction
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cavernous
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
2
=
+
2
=
+
Synonyms
sixth, xyloglucan endotransglycosylase, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase, xth31, xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase, atxth21, xth33, endo-xyloglucanase, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
endo-xyloglucan transferase
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endoxyloglucan transferase
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EXGT
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EXT
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GenBank L46792-derived protein GI 950299
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GenBank X93173-derived protein GI 1890573
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GenBank X93174-derived protein GI 1890575
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Genbank X93175-derived protein GI 1890577
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GenBank Z97335-derived protein GI
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NXET
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XET
XTH
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase
xyloglucan endotransglycosylase
xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (Actinia deliciosa strain Hayward pericarp clone AdXET-5 gene XET precursor)
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (Arabidopsis thaliana gene TCH4 precursor reduced)
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (barley clone PM5 gene HVPM5)
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (barley clone XEA gene HVXEA)
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (barley clone XEB gene HVXEB)
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylase-related protein XTR-7 (Arabidopsis thaliana)
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xyloglucan recombinase
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xyloglucan X93174-derived protein GI 1890575
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xyloglucan-specific endo-(1->4)-beta-D-glucanase
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xyloglucan:xyloglucanotransferase
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xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor)
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xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (Actinia chinensis clone AdXET-5 gene XET precursor)
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xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (Arabidopsis thaliana gene TCH4 precursor reduced)
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xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (barley clone PM5 gene HVPM5)
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xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (barley clone XEA gene HVXEA)
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xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (barley clone XEB gene HVXEB)
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additional information
XET
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylase
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
xyloglucan:xyloglucan xyloglucanotransferase
Does not use cello-oligosaccharides as either donor or acceptor.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
141588-40-1
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172279-31-1
xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (Arabidopsis thaliana gene TCH4 precursor reduced) /xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (Arabidopsis thaliana gene TCH4 precursor reduced)
202012-34-8
xyloglucan endotransglycosylase-related protein XTR-7 (Arabidopsis thaliana) /genBank Z97335-derived protein GI 2244769
203402-40-8
xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (barley clone PM5 gene HVPM5) /genBank X93173-derived protein GI 1890573 /xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (barley clone PM5 gene HVPM5)
203402-41-9
xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (barley clone XEA gene HVXEA) /genBank X93174-derived protein GI 1890575 /xyloglucan X93174-derived protein GI 1890575 /xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (barley clone XEA gene HVXEA)
203402-42-0
xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (barley clone XEB gene HVXEB) /genbank X93175-derived protein GI 1890577 /xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (barley clone XEB gene HVXEB)
205513-08-2
xyloglucanotransferase, xyloglucan (xyloglucan donor) (Actinia chinensis clone AdXET-5 gene XET precursor) /genBank L46792-derived protein GI 950299 /Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (Actinia deliciosa strain Hayward pericarp clone AdXET-5 gene XET precursor)
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
donor tamarind xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
-
isozymes XTH14 and XTH26 show very high preference for xyloglucan as donor substrate, yet do not work exclusively on xyloglucan, there is a clear preference for the octasaccharide XXLGol, whereas XLLGol is the second best (tested) substrate for isozyme XTH14, it seems a rather poor substrate for isozyme XTH26, which prefers XXFGol
-
-
?
donor xyloglucan + Xyl(1-6)Glc(1-4)(Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)(Fuc-Gal-Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)Glc
?
-
-
-
-
?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
tamarind xyloglucan + XLLG-9-aminopyrene-1,4,6-trisulfonate
?
XET activity assay
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-
?
tamarind xyloglucan + XXXG
?
the enzyme performs transglucosylation
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-
?
tamarind xyloglucan + XXXGol
?
the enzyme performs transglucosylation
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?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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acceptors: polymer xyloglucan or its derived oligosaccharides
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?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
acceptor and donor substrate specificities of the isoenzymes TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9
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-
?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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xyloglucan from Tamarindus indica
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?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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donors: TCH4 protein is more active against tamarind xyloglucan than nasturtium xyloglucan as donor, pea stem xyloglucan, acceptors: XLLG-ol, XXFG-ol
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-
?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
isoenzyme XTR9 has a clear preference for non-fucosylated xyloglucan polymers as donor, but not isoenzymes TCH4, Meri-5 and EXGT
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-
?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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enzyme chooses its donor substrate independently of size and attacks it, once only, at a randomly selected cleavage site
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-
?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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xyloglucan from Tropaeolum majus seed
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-
?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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acceptors: xyloglucan oligosaccharide-SR mixture
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?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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specific for xyloglucan
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?
donor xyloglucan + acceptor xyloglucan
?
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TCH4 protein specifically transglycosylates only xyloglucan, cleavage of both fucosylated and nonfucosylated xyloglucans as donor substrates, but fucosyl content of the substrates lowers reaction rate, preferred acceptor substrate is the nonreducing terminus of high-MW xyloglucan, xyloglucan derived oligosaccharides are also utilized
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xyl(1-6)Glc(1-4)(Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)(Fuc-Gal-Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)Glc-ol
?
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XXFG-ol
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xyl(1-6)Glc(1-4)(Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)(Fuc-Gal-Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)Glc-ol
?
XXFG-ol
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xyl(1-6)Glc(1-4)(Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)(Fuc-Gal-Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)Glc-ol
?
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TCH4 protein, 50% as effective as XLLG-ol
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xyl(1-6)Glc(1-4)(Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)(Fuc-Gal-Xyl(1-6))Glc(1-4)Glc-ol
?
TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9 show a marked preference for XLLG-ol over XXFG-ol or XXXG-ol as acceptor oligosaccharide, TCH4, Meri-5 and EXGT: 25-30% as effective as XLLG-ol, less effective than XXXG-ol, XTR9: more effective than XXXG-ol, donor: tamarind or pea xyloglucan polymer
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
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comparison of the size distributions of the different isoenzymes transglycosylation products
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
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donor: tamarind xyloglucan
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9 show a marked preference for XLLG-ol over XXFG-ol or XXXG-ol as acceptor oligosaccharide
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
donor: tamarind or pea xyloglucan polymer
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-
?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
-
TCH4 protein, better substrate than XXFG-ol, lower affinity than for polymer xyloglucan
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
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reaction results in a hybrid product and a leaving group
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
-
XLLG-ol
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?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
XLLG-ol
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-
?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)-Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
-
XLLG-ol
-
-
?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9 show a marked preference for XLLG-ol over XXFG-ol or XXXG-ol as acceptor oligosaccharide, TCH4, Meri-5 and EXGT: more effective than XXFG-ol, XTR9: less effective than XXFG-ol, donor: tamarind or pea xyloglucan polymer
-
-
?
donor xyloglucan + Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
?
XXXG-ol
-
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
-
Arabidopsis MERI-5 and TCH4 and cauliflower isoenzymes expression occur in dense cytoplasmic tissues predominantly involved in the assembly of new cell walls and thus in the integration of newly secreted xyloglucan into the cell wall
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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the xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase gene TCH4 is strongly upregulated by environmental stimuli, enzyme may function in modifying cell walls to allow growth, airspace formation, the development of vasculature, and reinforcement of regions under mechanical strain, TCH4 protein may contribute to the adaptive changes in morphogenesis that occurs in the organism following exposure to mechanical stimuli
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
XETs encoded by a gene family may influence plant growth and development, low pH would limit XET function in vivo
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
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enzyme is unlikely to play a role in acid-induced wall loosening but may function in cold acclimation or cold-tolerant growth, TCH4 expression is rapidly regulated by mechanical stimuli, temperature shifts, light and hormones, it may be involved in assembling nascent cell walls or reinforcing existing and expanding walls
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
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acts in root development, necessary for root hair growth
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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existence of different classes of XET with differing roles in vivo
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
-
role in cell elongation
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
-
enzyme is capable of splitting and reconnecting xyloglucan molecules in rapidly growing plant tissues, expression and presumed physiological roles of At-XTH22 and 24
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
-
Arabidopsis EXGT and mung bean isoenzymes expression in tissues involved in the loosening of existing cell wall material necessary for rapid cell expansion, e.g. vacuolation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
XTH isozyme specificity with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
XTH isozyme specificity with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
XTH isozyme specificity with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
XTH isozyme specificity with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
XTH isozyme specificity with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
XTH isozyme specificity with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
not: carboxymethylcellulose, barley glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
contains strongly conserved sequence motif of XETs: DEIDFEFLG
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
contains strongly conserved sequence motif of XETs: DEIDFEFLG
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
free oligosaccharides are probably not the usual acceptor substrates in vivo
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
breaks a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
breaks a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
anionic, oxidised derivatives of xyloglucan are used as substrates for AtXTH24
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isozyme XTH14 uses donor substrates in order of preference xyloglucan >> watersoluble cellulose acetate > hydroxyethylcellulose > mixed-linkage beta-glucan > carboxymethylcellulose > methylcellulose, thus, all nonxyloglucan substrates show very low activity rates in comparison to xyloglucan. Isozyme XTH26 is able to use watersoluble cellulose acetate at a low rate but shows no activity with any of the other non-xyloglucan substrates tested
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview. AtXTH13 catalyzes the release of XGO1 (Glc4-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides) and XGO3 (Glc12-based xyloglucooligosaccharides) from a mixture of minimal XET/XEH substrates, XGO2 (Glc8-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides), derived from tamarind seed xyloglucan and bearing naturally variable galactosylation. The rate of release of XGO1 is identical to that of XGO3 at all substrate concentrations across a wide range
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview. AtXTH13 catalyzes the release of XGO1 (Glc4-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides) and XGO3 (Glc12-based xyloglucooligosaccharides) from a mixture of minimal XET/XEH substrates, XGO2 (Glc8-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides), derived from tamarind seed xyloglucan and bearing naturally variable galactosylation. The rate of release of XGO1 is identical to that of XGO3 at all substrate concentrations across a wide range
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview. AtXTH13 catalyzes the release of XGO1 (Glc4-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides) and XGO3 (Glc12-based xyloglucooligosaccharides) from a mixture of minimal XET/XEH substrates, XGO2 (Glc8-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides), derived from tamarind seed xyloglucan and bearing naturally variable galactosylation. The rate of release of XGO1 is identical to that of XGO3 at all substrate concentrations across a wide range
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?
additional information
?
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XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview. AtXTH13 catalyzes the release of XGO1 (Glc4-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides) and XGO3 (Glc12-based xyloglucooligosaccharides) from a mixture of minimal XET/XEH substrates, XGO2 (Glc8-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides), derived from tamarind seed xyloglucan and bearing naturally variable galactosylation. The rate of release of XGO1 is identical to that of XGO3 at all substrate concentrations across a wide range
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-
?
additional information
?
-
XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview. AtXTH13 catalyzes the release of XGO1 (Glc4-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides) and XGO3 (Glc12-based xyloglucooligosaccharides) from a mixture of minimal XET/XEH substrates, XGO2 (Glc8-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides), derived from tamarind seed xyloglucan and bearing naturally variable galactosylation. The rate of release of XGO1 is identical to that of XGO3 at all substrate concentrations across a wide range
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
XTH isozyme spcificities with different donor substrates, tamarind xyloglucan-derived oligosacchrides, overview. AtXTH13 catalyzes the release of XGO1 (Glc4-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides) and XGO3 (Glc12-based xyloglucooligosaccharides) from a mixture of minimal XET/XEH substrates, XGO2 (Glc8-based xylogluco-oligosaccharides), derived from tamarind seed xyloglucan and bearing naturally variable galactosylation. The rate of release of XGO1 is identical to that of XGO3 at all substrate concentrations across a wide range
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?
additional information
?
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enzyme activity assay with partially purified tamarind xyloglucan as donor and [3H]XXXG-ol as xyloglucan acceptor substrate
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?
additional information
?
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enzyme activity assay with partially purified tamarind xyloglucan as donor and [3H]XXXG-ol as xyloglucan acceptor substrate
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?
additional information
?
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enzyme activity assay with partially purified tamarind xyloglucan as donor and [3H]XXXG-ol as xyloglucan acceptor substrate
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?
additional information
?
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enzyme activity assay with partially purified tamarind xyloglucan as donor and [3H]XXXG-ol as xyloglucan acceptor substrate
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?
additional information
?
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isozyme XHT31 shows predominant undetectable xyloglucan endohydrolase, XEH, activity and has only slight xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, XET, activity in vitro. Usage of XXXG-ol as acceptor substrate and of xyloglucan as donor substrate. XXXG-ol is the preferred XET acceptor substrate, among five cellotetraitol-based oligosaccharides tested. Isozyme XTH31's XET activity is strongly compromised when the second Xyl residue is galactosylated. XTH31 cleaves the substrate from about 186 kDa to 6 kDa (median sizes) within 40 h, gas spectrometric analysis. The isozyme does not have a preferred cleavage site close to either terminus. The complete hydrolysis of a 186-kDa tamarind xyloglucan molecule to yield Glc4-based oligosaccharides would require about 150 cuts. XEH action continues for at least 40 h, with an initial rate of about 1.5 cuts per starting molecule per hour. Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis thaliana XET isozymes XTH15 and XTH31, overview. The acceptor site of XTH31 is relatively poor at accommodating substrates that have Gal (or Fuc-Gal) simultaneously on the 2nd and 3rd isoprimeverose groups, counted from the nonreducing end
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?
additional information
?
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isozyme XHT31 shows predominant undetectable xyloglucan endohydrolase, XEH, activity and has only slight xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, XET, activity in vitro. Usage of XXXG-ol as acceptor substrate and of xyloglucan as donor substrate. XXXG-ol is the preferred XET acceptor substrate, among five cellotetraitol-based oligosaccharides tested. Isozyme XTH31's XET activity is strongly compromised when the second Xyl residue is galactosylated. XTH31 cleaves the substrate from about 186 kDa to 6 kDa (median sizes) within 40 h, gas spectrometric analysis. The isozyme does not have a preferred cleavage site close to either terminus. The complete hydrolysis of a 186-kDa tamarind xyloglucan molecule to yield Glc4-based oligosaccharides would require about 150 cuts. XEH action continues for at least 40 h, with an initial rate of about 1.5 cuts per starting molecule per hour. Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis thaliana XET isozymes XTH15 and XTH31, overview. The acceptor site of XTH31 is relatively poor at accommodating substrates that have Gal (or Fuc-Gal) simultaneously on the 2nd and 3rd isoprimeverose groups, counted from the nonreducing end
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?
additional information
?
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isozyme XHT31 shows predominant undetectable xyloglucan endohydrolase, XEH, activity and has only slight xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, XET, activity in vitro. Usage of XXXG-ol as acceptor substrate and of xyloglucan as donor substrate. XXXG-ol is the preferred XET acceptor substrate, among five cellotetraitol-based oligosaccharides tested. Isozyme XTH31's XET activity is strongly compromised when the second Xyl residue is galactosylated. XTH31 cleaves the substrate from about 186 kDa to 6 kDa (median sizes) within 40 h, gas spectrometric analysis. The isozyme does not have a preferred cleavage site close to either terminus. The complete hydrolysis of a 186-kDa tamarind xyloglucan molecule to yield Glc4-based oligosaccharides would require about 150 cuts. XEH action continues for at least 40 h, with an initial rate of about 1.5 cuts per starting molecule per hour. Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis thaliana XET isozymes XTH15 and XTH31, overview. The acceptor site of XTH31 is relatively poor at accommodating substrates that have Gal (or Fuc-Gal) simultaneously on the 2nd and 3rd isoprimeverose groups, counted from the nonreducing end
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?
additional information
?
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isozyme XTH15 has high xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, XET, and undetectable xyloglucan endohydrolase, XEH, activity in vitro. Usage of XXXG-ol as acceptor substrate and of xyloglucan as donor substrate. XXXG-ol is the preferred XET acceptor substrate, among five cellotetraitol-based oligosaccharides tested. XTH15's XET activity tolerateds substitution at the second Xyl residue. Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis thaliana XET isozymes XTH15 and XTH31, overview
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?
additional information
?
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isozyme XTH15 has high xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, XET, and undetectable xyloglucan endohydrolase, XEH, activity in vitro. Usage of XXXG-ol as acceptor substrate and of xyloglucan as donor substrate. XXXG-ol is the preferred XET acceptor substrate, among five cellotetraitol-based oligosaccharides tested. XTH15's XET activity tolerateds substitution at the second Xyl residue. Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis thaliana XET isozymes XTH15 and XTH31, overview
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?
additional information
?
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isozyme XTH15 has high xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, XET, and undetectable xyloglucan endohydrolase, XEH, activity in vitro. Usage of XXXG-ol as acceptor substrate and of xyloglucan as donor substrate. XXXG-ol is the preferred XET acceptor substrate, among five cellotetraitol-based oligosaccharides tested. XTH15's XET activity tolerateds substitution at the second Xyl residue. Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis thaliana XET isozymes XTH15 and XTH31, overview
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additional information
?
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enzyme XTH15, a classical group-I/II xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH), has high xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) and undetectable xyloglucan hydrolase (XEH) activity in vitro
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additional information
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enzyme XTH15, a classical group-I/II xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH), has high xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) and undetectable xyloglucan hydrolase (XEH) activity in vitro
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additional information
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evaluation of the substrate specificities of xyloglucan acceptors by using a set of synthetic oligosaccharides obtained by automated glycan assembly. The ability of XETs to incorporate the oligosaccharides into polysaccharides printed as microarrays and into stem sections is assessed, showing that single xylose substitutions are sufficient for transfer, and xylosylation of the terminal glucose residue is not required by XETs, independent of plant species. To obtain information on the potential xylosylation pattern of the natural acceptor of XETs, that is, the nonreducing end of xyloglucan, the activity of xyloglucan xylosyl transferase (XXT) 2 on the synthetic xyloglucan oligosaccharides is tested. Acceptor substrate specificities of XET, overview
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additional information
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[3H]XXXGol and tamarind xyloglucan are used as substrates in a radioactive enzyme assay to yield [3H]polysaccharide
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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Arabidopsis MERI-5 and TCH4 and cauliflower isoenzymes expression occur in dense cytoplasmic tissues predominantly involved in the assembly of new cell walls and thus in the integration of newly secreted xyloglucan into the cell wall
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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the xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase gene TCH4 is strongly upregulated by environmental stimuli, enzyme may function in modifying cell walls to allow growth, airspace formation, the development of vasculature, and reinforcement of regions under mechanical strain, TCH4 protein may contribute to the adaptive changes in morphogenesis that occurs in the organism following exposure to mechanical stimuli
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
XETs encoded by a gene family may influence plant growth and development, low pH would limit XET function in vivo
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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enzyme is unlikely to play a role in acid-induced wall loosening but may function in cold acclimation or cold-tolerant growth, TCH4 expression is rapidly regulated by mechanical stimuli, temperature shifts, light and hormones, it may be involved in assembling nascent cell walls or reinforcing existing and expanding walls
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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acts in root development, necessary for root hair growth
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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existence of different classes of XET with differing roles in vivo
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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role in cell elongation
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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enzyme is capable of splitting and reconnecting xyloglucan molecules in rapidly growing plant tissues, expression and presumed physiological roles of At-XTH22 and 24
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?
donor xyloglucan + xyloglucan acceptor
?
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Arabidopsis EXGT and mung bean isoenzymes expression in tissues involved in the loosening of existing cell wall material necessary for rapid cell expansion, e.g. vacuolation
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?
additional information
?
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root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
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root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
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root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
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root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH1 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
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free oligosaccharides are probably not the usual acceptor substrates in vivo
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?
additional information
?
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breaks a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan
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?
additional information
?
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breaks a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan
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?
additional information
?
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root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
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-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH13 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. The endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH17 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH18 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
root-specific isozyme AtXTH19 exhibits only the endotransglucosylase activity, XET, EC 2.4.1.207, towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic activity, XEH, EC 3.2.1.151. Its endotransglucosylase activity is preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage beta-glucan
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
CaCl2
-
the ability of cold-water-extractable, heat-stable polymers (CHPs) to solubilize XTHs from Arabidopsis cell walls is mimicked by NaCl and CaCl2. The effect plateaues above about 30 mM CaCl2, while the CHP effect does not plateau even at the highest concentration tested (1.8 mg/ml). The relative effect of CHP is greatest (34fold promotion) in the absence of CaCl2, but strong CHP effects (4.6 to 9.1fold promotion) and much higher absolute XET activities are still detected in the presence of 15 mM CaCl2, indicating synergy between CHP and the inorganic salt
NaCl
additional information
-
TCH4 protein is not activated by Ca+ or other divalent cations
NaCl
induces an increase in XTH30 expression and xyloglucan (XyG)-derived oligosaccharides (XLFG) in the wild-type
NaCl
-
the ability of cold-water-extractable, heat-stable polymers (CHPs) to solubilize XTHs from Arabidopsis cell walls is mimicked by NaCl and CaCl2
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
additional information
-
the xyloglucan endoglucanase (XEG) shows moderate inhibition of XTH-activating factor (XAF) activity. Cauliflower CHP exerts its XAF activity principally by (re-)solubilizing XTHs from surfaces (including cellulose, glass-fibre, glass and plastics) to which these enzymes tend to bind
-
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
slight substrate inhibition of isoenzymes Meri-5 and EXGT at high concentrations
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
significant substrate inhibition of isoenzyme XTR9 at high concentrations
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
bovine serum albumin
-
enhances activity by stabilizing TCH4 protein conformation
-
XTH-activating factor
XAF, present in CHPs works by promoting (e.g. allosterically) XET activity or by re-solubilising sequestered XTH proteins
-
XTH-activating factor
-
an endogenous cold-water-extractable, heat-stable polymer(s) (CHP) from cauliflower florets acts as an XTH-activating factor (XAF), promoting the XET activity of XTHs. The XTH-activating factors from plants desorb and thereby activate wall-bound XTHs. CHP specifically desorbed wall-bound XTHs, but not beta-glucosidases, phosphatases or peroxidases. CHP preparations from 25 angiosperms all possess XAF activity but have no consistent monosaccharide composition. Of 11 individual plant polymers tested, only gum arabic and tamarind xyloglucan are XAF-active, albeit less so than CHP. On gel-permeation chromatography, XAF-active cauliflower CHP elutes with a molecular weight of 7000-140000, although no specific sugar residue(s) co-elute exactly with XAF activity. Cauliflower XAF activity survives cold alkali and warm dilute TFA (which break ester and glycofuranosyl linkages, respectively), but is inactivated by hot 2 M TFA (which breaks glycopyranosyl linkages). Cauliflower XAF activity is remarkably stable to diverse glycanases and glycosidases, sugar composition of XAF-active CHPs from diverse plants and evaluation of XAF activity, detailed overview. The ability of CHP to solubilize XTHs from Arabidopsis cell walls is mimicked by NaCl and CaCl2. The effect plateaues above about 30 mM CaCl2, while the CHP effect does not plateau even at the highest concentration tested (1.8 mg/ml). The relative effect of CHP is greatest (34fold promotion) in the absence of CaCl2, but strong CHP effects (4.6 to 9.1fold promotion) and much higher absolute XET activities are still detected in the presence of 15 mM CaCl2, indicating synergy between CHP and the inorganic salt. Xyloglucan endoglucanase (XEG) shows some (moderate) ability to inactivate XAF. CHP has a stronger XAF effect on more dilute cell-wall suspensions
-
additional information
-
TCH4 protein is not activated by reducing agents, spermidine, spermine, glycerol or carboxymethylcellulose
-
additional information
-
At-XTH22 is strongly induced in response to mechanical perturbations such as wind or touch
-
additional information
certain cold-water-extractable, heat-stable polymers (CHPs), e.g. from cauliflower florets, mung bean shoots, and Arabidopsis cell-suspension cultures, can re-solubilise the bound enzyme, re-activating it
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0386
XXXG-ol
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity, pH 5.5, 20°C
0.031
XXXGol
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity, pH 5.5, 20°C
0.005 - 0.073
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
0.005
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
isoenzyme XTR9
0.017
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
isoenzyme TCH4
0.03
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
isoenzyme EXGT
0.04
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
isoenzyme Meri-5
0.073
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
-
acceptor XLLG-ol, recombinant TCH4 protein
0.073
Xylalpha(1-6)Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)(Galbeta(1-2)Xylalpha(1-6))Glcbeta(1-4)Glc-ol
-
recombinant At-XTH22
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH12, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH12, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH12, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH12, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH12, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
-
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH12, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
-
recombinant TCH4 protein, Km: 0.62 mg/ml for nonfucosylated tamarind xyloglucan as donor, 1.8 mg/ml for fucosylated pea xyloglucan
-
additional information
additional information
-
recombinant TCH4 protein, Km: 0.62 mg/ml for nonfucosylated tamarind xyloglucan as donor, 1.8 mg/ml for fucosylated pea xyloglucan
-
additional information
additional information
purified AtXTH21 activity, Km: 0.6245 mg/ml
-
additional information
additional information
-
purified AtXTH21 activity, Km: 0.6245 mg/ml
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH13, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH13, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH13, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH13, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH13, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
-
Michaelis-Menten kinetics for AtXTH13, overviews
-
additional information
additional information
kinetics of 1.6 mg/ml with xyloglucan, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity. Comparisons of kinetics of isozyme XTH15 and XTH31 from Arabidopsis thaliana, overview
-
additional information
additional information
kinetics of 1.6 mg/ml with xyloglucan, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity. Comparisons of kinetics of isozyme XTH15 and XTH31 from Arabidopsis thaliana, overview
-
additional information
additional information
-
kinetics of 1.6 mg/ml with xyloglucan, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity. Comparisons of kinetics of isozyme XTH15 and XTH31 from Arabidopsis thaliana, overview
-
additional information
additional information
kinetics of 2.9 mg/ml with xyloglucan, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity. Comparisons of kinetics of isozyme XTH15 and XTH31 from Arabidopsis thaliana, overview
-
additional information
additional information
kinetics of 2.9 mg/ml with xyloglucan, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity. Comparisons of kinetics of isozyme XTH15 and XTH31 from Arabidopsis thaliana, overview
-
additional information
additional information
-
kinetics of 2.9 mg/ml with xyloglucan, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity. Comparisons of kinetics of isozyme XTH15 and XTH31 from Arabidopsis thaliana, overview
-
additional information
additional information
classical hyperbolic Michaelis-Menten curve for XET in the case of XTH15
-
additional information
additional information
classical hyperbolic Michaelis-Menten curve for XET in the case of XTH15
-
additional information
additional information
Km of the XET activity of XTH31 for tamarind xyloglucan cannot be estimated because a hyperbola is not obtained
-
additional information
additional information
Km of the XET activity of XTH31 for tamarind xyloglucan cannot be estimated because a hyperbola is not obtained
-
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00031
pea xyloglucan
-
recombinant TCH4 protein, with XLLG-ol as acceptor
-
0.00018
tamarind xyloglucan
-
recombinant TCH4 protein, with XLLG-ol as acceptor
-
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
5.5
6 - 6.5
6
isozyme XTH15 exhibits an unusually broad pH optimum, inactive at pH 3.5 and below, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity
6 - 6.5
isoenzymes TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9, EXGT shows very sharp pH-optimum at pH 6
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4 - 8
bell-shaped curve of AtXTH12
4 - 8
4.5 - 8
5 - 7.5
-
pH 5: about 30% of maximal activity, pH 7.5: about 40% of maximal activity
5.5 - 8
additional information
4 - 8
-
both isoenzymes show a fast and symmetrical decrease in activity on both sides of their optima followed by an acidic shoulder between pH 4.0 and 5.0 for XTH14 and between pH 4.0 and 4.5 for XTH26. At pH 4.0 and 8.0, XTH14 retains about 30% and XTH26 40% of its maximal activity
4 - 8
AtXTH13 is more tolerant to basic environments, retaining 40% of its maximal activity at pH 8.0, but it displays only 20% activity at pH 4.0. The enzyme is inactive at pH 3.5. Bell-shaped curve of AtXTH13
4.5 - 8
XTR9 retains approximately 35% of its maximal activity at pH 4.5 and 30% at pH 8
4.5 - 8
TCH4 and Meri-5 retain approximately 10-15% of its maximal activity at pH 4.5 and 65% at pH 8
5.5 - 8
the activity-pH profile of AtXTH17 totally shifts towards the alkali side with its optimum at pH 7.2 and with an unusual acid intolerance. AtXTH18 shows the highest acid tolerance of these three enzymes. At pH 6.0 the enzyme still displays 60% of its activity at pH 7.0, whereas the activities of AtXTH17 and AtXTH19 drop below 30% of their maximal activity at pH 6.0. At or below pH 5.5, all three enzymes display less than 20% of their maximal activities. On the basic side, AtXTH17 shows the highest tolerance with activity of more than 80% of maximal activity at pH 8.0
5.5 - 8
the activity-pH profile of AtXTH18 totally shifts towards the alkali side with optimum at pH 7.5 and with an unusual acid intolerance. At pH 6.0 the enzyme still displays 60% of its activity at pH 7.0. At or below pH 5.5, the enzyme displays less than 20% of its maximal activity. On the basic side, AtXTH18 shows the highest tolerance with activities of more than 80% of its maximal activity at pH 8.0
5.5 - 8
the activity-pH profile of AtXTH19 totally shifts towards the alkali side with optimum at pH 7.0 and with an unusual acid intolerance. Activity of AtXTH19 drops below 30% of its maximal activity at pH 6.0. At or below pH 5.5, the enzymes displays less than 20% of its maximal activities. AtXTH19 retains 90% of its maximal activity at pH 7.5, but shows a 40% activity drop between pH 7.5 and pH 8.0
additional information
isozyme XTH31's hydrolase activity increases almost linearly with decreasing pH in the apoplastic range, pH6.2-4.5, consistent with a possible role in acid growth, inactive at pH 3.5 and below, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity
additional information
isozyme XTH31's hydrolase activity increases almost linearly with decreasing pH in the apoplastic range, pH6.2-4.5, consistent with a possible role in acid growth, inactive at pH 3.5 and below, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity
additional information
-
isozyme XTH31's hydrolase activity increases almost linearly with decreasing pH in the apoplastic range, pH6.2-4.5, consistent with a possible role in acid growth, inactive at pH 3.5 and below, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
20
25
37
additional information
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
18 - 26
-
recombinant TCH4 protein, more active at lower temperatures, at or below 18°C, less active at higher temperatures, above 26°C
45
5
all 4 isoenzymes are markedly cold-tolerant retaining activity at 5°C
45
isoenzymes EXGT and Meri-5 retain approximately 80% of maximum activity
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH12 is trichoblast-enriched
comparisons of mRNA populations of Arabidopsis root hair cells and cells of an Arabidopsis root hair mutant show AtXTH12 to be 4fold upregulated in root hair cells
additional information
-
high XET activity in the epidermis cell wall of the elongation zone and in trichoblasts in the differentation zone
five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH13 is trichoblast-enriched
five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH17 is expressed in all cell types in the elongating and differentiating regions of the root
five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH18 is expressed in all cell types in the elongating and differentiating regions of the root
five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH19 is expressed in nearly all cell types in the root
additional information
-
XETs accumulates in expanding cells, at the sites of intercellular airspace, formation, and at the bases of leaves, cotyledons and hypocotyls, detailed localization
additional information
isozyme XTH15 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
additional information
isozyme XTH15 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
additional information
-
isozyme XTH15 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
additional information
isozyme XTH31 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
additional information
isozyme XTH31 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
additional information
-
isozyme XTH31 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
additional information
enzyme XTH15 is strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs, but particularly in 24-h imbibed seeds, the seedling hypocotyl and root, and early-stage flowers (especially in the carpels)
additional information
enzyme XTH15 is strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs, but particularly in 24-h imbibed seeds, the seedling hypocotyl and root, and early-stage flowers (especially in the carpels)
additional information
enzyme XTH31 is strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs
additional information
enzyme XTH31 is strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs
additional information
XTH30 is highly expressed in the root, flower, stem, and etiolated hypocotyl. XTH30 accumulates at high levels in root, stem, and flower but at low levels in rosette leaves and cauline leaves, real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis, expression pattern, overview
additional information
-
XTH30 is highly expressed in the root, flower, stem, and etiolated hypocotyl. XTH30 accumulates at high levels in root, stem, and flower but at low levels in rosette leaves and cauline leaves, real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis, expression pattern, overview
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
-
expression profiles of members of the XTH gene family, each XTH gene is likely to have a unique fingerprint of expression and regulation
-
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
physiological function
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases are cell wall enzymes that are able to graft xyloglucan chains to oligosaccharides or to other available xyloglucan chains and/or to hydrolyse xyloglucan chains. As they are involved in the modification of the load-bearing cell-wall components, they are believed to be very important in the regulation of growth and development. Role for AtXTH12 in root hair initiation. AtXTH13 might play a role later in root hair development
evolution
malfunction
metabolism
-
the plant cell wall is a cellular exoskeleton consisting predominantly of a complex polysaccharide network that defines the shape of cells. During growth, this network can be loosened through the action of xyloglucan endotransglycosylases (XETs), glycoside hydrolases that cut and paste xyloglucan polysaccharides through a transglycosylation process
physiological function
additional information
evolution
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are encoded in Arabidopsis by a 33-member gene family, isozyme XTH15 is a classical group-I/II XTH
evolution
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are encoded in Arabidopsis by a 33-member gene family, isozyme XTH31 is a group-III-A XTH
malfunction
mutant seedlings defective in XTH15 exhibit no visible growth defects possibly because isozyme XTH16 closely resembles XTH15 in sequence, pI and expression profile
malfunction
loss-of-function of XTH30 leads to increased salt tolerance and overexpression of XTH30 results in salt hypersensitivity. Loss-of-function of XTH30 slows down the decrease of crystalline cellulose content and the depolymerization of microtubules caused by salt stress. Lower Na+ accumulation in shoot and lower H2O2 content are found in xth30 mutants in response to salt stress. The xth30 mutants wilt less and show a much higher survival rate than the wild-type under 125 mM NaCl treatment. XTH30 affects the xyloglucan oligosaccharide composition during salt stress
physiological function
XTH28 is specifically involved in the growth of stamen fi laments, and is required for successful automatic self-pollination in certain flowers in Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases are cell wall enzymes that are able to graft xyloglucan chains to oligosaccharides or to other available xyloglucan chains and/or to hydrolyse xyloglucan chains. As they are involved in the modification of the load-bearing cell-wall components, they are believed to be very important in the regulation of growth and development
physiological function
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases are cell wall enzymes that are able to graft xyloglucan chains to oligosaccharides or to other available xyloglucan chains and/or to hydrolyse xyloglucan chains. As they are involved in the modification of the load-bearing cell-wall components, they are believed to be very important in the regulation of growth and development. AtXTH13 might play a role later in root hair development
physiological function
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases are cell wall enzymes that are able to graft xyloglucan chains to oligosaccharides or to other available xyloglucan chains and/or to hydrolyse xyloglucan chains. As they are involved in the modification of the load-bearing cell-wall components, they are believed to be very important in the regulation of growth and development. Role for AtXTH12 in root hair initiation. AtXTH13 might play a role later in root hair development
physiological function
isozyme XTH15 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs, and thus seem likely to participate in cell expansion
physiological function
isozyme XTH31 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs, and thus seem likely to participate in cell expansion. XTH31 is responsible for a specific mode of cell elongation that is particularly Al3+-sensitive. In the wild-type, a second mode of cell expansion that is more Al3+-resistant must be occurring simultaneously
physiological function
the primary cell wall of flowering plants consists of cellulose fibrils tethered by hemicelluloses (principally xyloglucans) and embedded in an amorphous matrix of pectins and glycoproteins. Plant cell expansion is mainly regulated by cell wall extensibility and results from selective loosening and rearrangement of the load-bearing cellulose/xyloglucan network, at least in flowering plants with type I cell walls where xyloglucan is a predominant hemicellulose. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs), a class of cell wall-modifying proteins, also have the capacity to loosen cell walls. Most XTHs cut and rejoin xyloglucan by xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, EC 2.4.1.207, action, whereas some XTHs hydrolyse xyloglucan by xyloglucan hydrolase, XEH EC 3.2.1.151, action
physiological function
the primary cell wall of flowering plants consists of cellulose fibrils tethered by hemicelluloses (principally xyloglucans) and embedded in an amorphous matrix of pectins and glycoproteins. Plant cell expansion is mainly regulated by cell wall extensibility and results from selective loosening and rearrangement of the load-bearing cellulose/xyloglucan network, at least in flowering plants with type I cell walls where xyloglucan is a predominantchemicellulose. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs), a class of cell wall-modifying proteins, also have the capacity to loosen cell walls. Most XTHs cut and rejoin xyloglucan by xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, EC 2.4.1.207, action, whereas some XTHs hydrolyse xyloglucan by xyloglucan hydrolase, XEH EC 3.2.1.151, action
physiological function
a role for enzyme XTH31 in acid growth. Isozymes XTH15 and XTH31 are both strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs, suggesting that they play roles in cell expansion. In vitro, XTH15 has very high transglucanase (endotransglucosylase, XET) but undetectable hydrolytic activity (glucanase, XEH). In contrast, XTH31 has very high XEH activity and only slight XET activity
physiological function
isozymes XTH15 and XTH31 are both strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs, suggesting that they play roles in cell expansion. In vitro, XTH15 has very high transglucanase (endotransglucosylase, XET) but undetectable hydrolytic activity (glucanase, XEH). In contrast, XTH31 has very high XEH activity and only slight XET activity
physiological function
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) activity, which cuts and re-joins hemicellulose chains in the plant cell wall, contributing to wall assembly and growth regulation, is the major activity of XTH proteins. During purification, XTHs often lose XET activity which, however, is restored by treatment with certain cold-water-extractable, heat-stable polymers (CHPs), e.g. from cauliflower florets
physiological function
-
the plant cell wall is a cellular exoskeleton consisting predominantly of a complex polysaccharide network that defines the shape of cells. During growth, this network can be loosened through the action of xyloglucan endotransglycosylases (XETs), glycoside hydrolases that cut and paste xyloglucan polysaccharides through a transglycosylation process
physiological function
xyloglucan (XyG) is an important hemicellulose polymer of the primary cell wall in dicotyledons and non-commelinid monocotyledons. XyG plays a vital role in loosening or stiffening the cell wall by binding to cellulose microfibrils with hydrogen bonds during cell elongation. XyG chains can be cleaved or rejoined by xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase (XTH). Alteration to the cell wall is one strategy that helps plants adapt to salt stress. Isozyme xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 30 (XTH30) negatively affects salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. XTH30 modulates XyG side chains, alters abundance of XLFG, cellulose synthesis, and cortical microtubule stability, and negatively affects salt tolerance. And XTH30 aggravates depolymerization of cortical microtubules under salt stress
additional information
XTHs in dilute solution bind to diverse surfaces (e.g. glass and cellulose), and certain cold-water-extractable, heat-stable polymers (CHPs), e.g. from cauliflower florets, can re-solubilise the bound enzyme, re-activating it. Cell walls prepared from cauliflower florets, mung bean shoots and Arabidopsis cell-suspension cultures each contain endogenous, tightly bound, inactive XTHs, which are likewise rapidly solubilised and thus activated by cauliflower XTH-activating factor (XAF). Analysis of XTH-activating factor (XAF) activity of CHP preparations from diverse plant sources, CHPs from all plants tested possess XAF activity, overview
additional information
-
XTHs have a tendency to bind to various surfaces, including chromatography columns and cellulose. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) minimizes binding of solubilized XTHs to tube walls. BSA is the only agent which leads to the measured XET activity being proportional to the concentration of added enzyme: in all three types of plastic, reducing the concentration of the crude enzyme solution from 50% v/v to 15% v/v decrease the measured XET reaction rate by about 70%. Therefore, BSA at 2.5 mg/mL is included in the reaction mixture used in all subsequent XET assays
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). XTH12_ARATH
285
1
32190
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
glycoprotein
proteolytic modification
-
mature TCH4 polypeptide lacks the putative N-terminal signal sequence
additional information
glycoprotein
all 4 isoenzymes, TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9, are N-glycosylated, requirement of glycosylation for activity of the isoenzymes differs
glycoprotein
AtXTH13 cDNA construct is correctly expressed and posttranslationally modified with variable N-linked glycans on one site
additional information
-
co- and post-translational eucaryotic-specific modifications of TCH4 are critical for optimal XET activity
additional information
co- and post-translational eucaryotic-specific modifications of TCH4 are critical for optimal XET activity
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
E97Q
-
At-XTH22: a Glu to Gln substitution, converting the active site sequence DEIDFEFL to DQIDFEFL, abolishes XET activity
additional information
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH18 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH18 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH18 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
-
overexpression of gene AtXTH18 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH19 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH19 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH19 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
-
overexpression of gene AtXTH19 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH20 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH20 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
overexpression of gene AtXTH20 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
-
overexpression of gene AtXTH20 in Arabidopsis thaliana stimulates growth of hypocotyls with more linear creep, higher values of initial deformation stress, cell wall extensibility and in vitro cell wall yield compared to the wild-type, phenotype, overview
additional information
generation of loss-of-function of XTH30 mutants, xth30 mutants xth30-1 and xth30-2, phenotype, overview. Homozygous xth30 mutants are identified by T-DNA insertion-based PCR. The xth30 mutants wilt less and show a much higher survival rate than the wild-type under 125 mM NaCl treatment
additional information
-
generation of loss-of-function of XTH30 mutants, xth30 mutants xth30-1 and xth30-2, phenotype, overview. Homozygous xth30 mutants are identified by T-DNA insertion-based PCR. The xth30 mutants wilt less and show a much higher survival rate than the wild-type under 125 mM NaCl treatment
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0 - 37
-
isozyme XTH14 shows high activity at 37°C, and at least 80% of this activity is maintained down to 20°C. At 4°C the protein still displays more than 60% of ist activity at 37°C. The activity abruptly decreases to about 30% at 0°C. Isozyme XTH26 shows high activity at 37°C, and at least 50% of this activity is maintained down to 20°C. At 4°C the protein still displays more than 30% of ist activity at 37°C, while the activity abruptly decreases to about 15% at 0°C
44
-
TCH4 protein: undetectable activity, more heat-sensitive than the total XET activity
5
all 4 isoenzymes are markedly cold-tolerant retaining activity at 5°C
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant AtXTH12 partially from Pichia pastoris by ammonium sulfate fractionation
ammonium sulfate precipitation, Hi-Trap SP Sepharose column chromatography, Superdex 75 gel filtration
-
partial, recombinant TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9, expressed in Sf9 insect cells
recombinant AtXTH13 partially from Pichia pastoris by ammonium sulfate fractionation, AtXTH13 is purified to apparent homogeneity by xylogluco-oligosaccharide affinity chromatography
recombinant AtXTH17 partially from Pichia pastoris by ammonium sulfate fractionation
recombinant AtXTH18 partially from Pichia pastoris by ammonium sulfate fractionation
recombinant AtXTH19 partially from Pichia pastoris by ammonium sulfate fractionation
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
AtXTH12, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression in Pichia pastoris strain GS115
AtXTH13, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression in Pichia pastoris strain GS115. AtXTH13 cDNA construct is correctly expressed and posttranslationally modified with variable N-linked glycans on one site
AtXTH17, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression in Pichia pastoris strain GS115
AtXTH18, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression in Pichia pastoris strain GS115
AtXTH19, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression in Pichia pastoris strain GS115
cloning and expression of TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9 using the baculovirus/Sf9 insect cell system, XTR9 is sequenced
cloning and expression of XTR9 using the baculovirus/Sf9 insect cell system, XTR9 is sequenced
gene AtXTH18, expression analysis by real-time semiquantitative RT-PCR, overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana
gene AtXTH19, expression analysis by real-time semiquantitative RT-PCR, overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana
gene AtXTH20, expression analysis by real-time semi-quantitative RT-PCR, overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana
gene structure, genomic localization and phylogenetic relationship of the XTH gene family
-
gene XTH15, recombinant expression in Pichia pastoris strain X33, the enzyme is secreted
gene XTH30, recombinant expression of GFP- or YFP-tagged isozyme XTH30 in Arabidopsis thaliana and heterologous expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101-mediated transformation, real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis. Expression of a XTH30 promoter::GUS construct in Arabidopsis thaliana
gene XTH31, recombinant expression in Pichia pastoris strain X33, the enzyme is secreted
into the pBIm and pCAM-BIA1300 vector, and into the pPIC6A expression vector for the production of recombinant AtXTH21 protein using the Pichia pastoris expression system
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of XTH30, encoding xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 30, is strongly upregulated in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Salt stress decreases the relative level of XXFG and XXFG+Ac, but increases the level of XXXG, XLFG, and XLFG+Ac in the wild-type. More importantly, the increase of XLFG caused by salt stress in the wild-type is partly blocked in xth30 mutants. XTH30 accumulates at high levels in root, stem, and flower but at low levels in rosette leaves and cauline leaves
no growth phenotype difference is observed between xth30 mutants and wild-type under heavy metal stresses (CdCl2 and ZnSO4) or the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) treatment
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Purugganan, M.M.; Braam, J.; Fry, S.C.
The Arabidopsis TCH4 xyloglucan endotransglycosylase. Substrate specificity, pH optimum, and cold tolerance
Plant Physiol.
115
181-190
1997
Arabidopsis thaliana
Antosiesicz, D.M.; Purugganan, M.M.; Polisensky, D.H.; Braam, J.
Cellular localization of Arabidopsis xyloglucan endotransglycosylase-related proteins during development and after wind stimulation
Plant Physiol.
115
1319-1328
1997
Arabidopsis thaliana
Steele, N.M.; Sulova, Z.; Campbell, P.; Braam, J.; Farkas, V.; Fry, S.C.
Ten isoenzymes of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase from plant cell walls select and cleave the donor substrate stochastically
Biochem. J.
355
671-679
2001
Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea, Lens culinaris, Vigna radiata var. radiata, Tropaeolum majus
Campbell, P.; Braam, J.
In vitro activities of four xyloglucan endotransglycosylases from Arabidopsis
Plant J.
18
371-382
1999
Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9ZSU4)
Rose, J.K.C.; Braam, J.; Fry, S.C.; Nishitani, K.
The XTH family of enzymes involved in xyloglucan endotransglucosylation and endohydrolysis: Current perspectives and a new unifying nomenclature
Plant Cell Physiol.
43
1421-1435
2002
Apium sp., Arabidopsis thaliana, Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana tabacum, Vigna angularis, Pisum sativum, Spinacia oleracea, Tropaeolum majus
Vissenberg, K.; Van Sandt, V.; Fry, S.C.; Verbelen, J.P.
Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase action is high in the root elongation zone and in the trichoblasts of all vascular plants from Selaginella to Zea mays
J. Exp. Bot.
54
335-344
2003
Adiantum capillus-veneri, Aloe sp., Anthurium upalaense, Anthurium willdenowii, Arabidopsis thaliana, Asphodelus fistulosus, Azolla sp., Beckmannia syzigachne, Blumenbachia hieronymi, Briza maxima, Cistanthe grandiflora, Callistephus chinensis, Canna indica, Carex flacca, Cedrus atlantica, Cenchrus ciliaris, Chaenorhinum minus, Chamaecyparis sp., Chamaecyparis thyoides, Chamaedorea elegans, Centaurea benedicta, Cochlearia officinalis, Commelina nilagirica, Convallaria majalis, Crocus vernus, Cyperus prolifer, Dracaena draco, Elsholtzia ciliata, Euphorbia helioscopia, Helianthus annuus, Ipomoea purpurea, Iris pseudacorus, Juncus effusus, Lactuca perennis, Lemna minor, Linum usitatissimum, Luzula luzuloides, Leptochilus pteropus, Musa x paradisiaca, Nicotiana tabacum, Peperomia rotundifolia, Picea abies, Pinus parviflora, Pinus radiata, Pitcairnia imbricata, Pothomorphe petalta, Pteris cretica, Scabiosa atropurpurea, Selaginella sp., Taxus baccata, Tradescantia zebrina, Tragopodon pratensis, Trigonella caerulea, Triticum dicoccum, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia, Festuca myuros, Zea mays, Pinus parviflora Glauca, Ipomoea purpurea Bojer, Trigonella caerulea Ser., Beckmannia syzigachne Fernald, Nicotiana tabacum SR-1, Cedrus atlantica Carr., Crocus vernus Hill
Divol, F.; Vilaine, F.; Thibivilliers, S.; Kusiak, C.; Sauge, M.H.; Dinant, S.
Involvement of the xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolases encoded by celery XTH1 and Arabidopsis XTH33 in the phloem response to aphids
Plant Cell Environ.
30
187-201
2007
Apium graveolens, Arabidopsis thaliana
Vissenberg, K.; Oyama, M.; Osato, Y.; Yokoyama, R.; Verbelen, J.P.; Nishitani, K.
Differential expression of AtXTH17, AtXTH18, AtXTH19 and AtXTH20 genes in Arabidopsis roots. Physiological roles in specification in cell wall construction
Plant Cell Physiol.
46
192-200
2005
Arabidopsis thaliana
Liu, Y.B.; Lu, S.M.; Zhang, J.F.; Liu, S.; Lu, Y.T.
A xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase involves in growth of primary root and alters the deposition of cellulose in Arabidopsis
Planta
226
1547-1560
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9ZV40), Arabidopsis thaliana
Takeda, T.; Miller, J.G.; Fry, S.C.
Anionic derivatives of xyloglucan function as acceptor but not donor substrates for xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity
Planta
227
893-905
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (P24806)
Kurasawa, K.; Matsui, A.; Yokoyama, R.; Kuriyama, T.; Yoshizumi, T.; Matsui, M.; Suwabe, K.; Watanabe, M.; Nishitani, K.
The AtXTH28 gene, a xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase, is involved in automatic self-pollination in Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant Cell Physiol.
50
413-422
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q38909), Arabidopsis thaliana
Maris, A.; Suslov, D.; Fry, S.C.; Verbelen, J.P.; Vissenberg, K.
Enzymic characterization of two recombinant xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) proteins of Arabidopsis and their effect on root growth and cell wall extension
J. Exp. Bot.
60
3959-3972
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana
Maris, A.; Kaewthai, N.; Ekloef, J.M.; Miller, J.G.; Brumer, H.; Fry, S.C.; Verbelen, J.P.; Vissenberg, K.
Differences in enzymic properties of five recombinant xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana
J. Exp. Bot.
62
261-271
2011
Arabidopsis thaliana (O80803), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FKL8), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FKL9), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M0D1), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M0D2), Arabidopsis thaliana
Miedes, E.; Suslov, D.; Vandenbussche, F.; Kenobi, K.; Ivakov, A.; Van Der Straeten, D.; Lorences, E.P.; Mellerowicz, E.J.; Verbelen, J.P.; Vissenberg, K.
Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) overexpression affects growth and cell wall mechanics in etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls
J. Exp. Bot.
64
2481-2497
2013
Populus tremula x Populus tremuloides (Q8GZD5), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FI31), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M0D1), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M0D2), Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q9FI31), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q9M0D1), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q9M0D2)
Shi, Y.Z.; Zhu, X.F.; Miller, J.G.; Gregson, T.; Zheng, S.J.; Fry, S.C.
Distinct catalytic capacities of two aluminium-repressed Arabidopsis thaliana xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases, XTH15 and XTH31, heterologously produced in Pichia
Phytochemistry
112
160-169
2015
no activity in Pichia pastoris, Arabidopsis thaliana (P93046), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q38911), Arabidopsis thaliana
Sharples, S.C.; Nguyen-Phan, T.C.; Fry, S.C.
Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are inactivated by binding to glass and cellulosic surfaces, and released in active form by a heat-stable polymer from cauliflower florets
J. Plant Physiol.
218
135-143
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana (P24806), Vigna radiata (Q5MB21), Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (Q6YDN9), Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
Shi, Y.; Zhu, X.; Miller, J.; Gregson, T.; Zheng, S.; Fry, S.
Distinct catalytic capacities of two aluminium-repressed Arabidopsis thaliana xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases, XTH15 and XTH31, heterologously produced in Pichia
Phytochemistry
112
160-169
2015
no activity in Pichia pastoris, Arabidopsis thaliana (P93046), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q38911)
-
Nguyen-Phan, T.C.; Fry, S.C.
Functional and chemical characterization of XAF a heat-stable plant polymer that activates xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH)
Ann. Bot.
124
131-148
2019
Arabidopsis thaliana
Ruprecht, C.; Dallabernardina, P.; Smith, P.; Urbanowicz, B.; Pfrengle, F.
Analyzing xyloglucan endotransglycosylases by incorporating synthetic oligosaccharides into plant cell walls
ChemBioChem
19
793-798
2018
Arabidopsis thaliana, Pisum sativum (Q9FXQ4)
Yan, J.; Huang, Y.; He, H.; Han, T.; Di, P.; Sechet, J.; Fang, L.; Liang, Y.; Scheller, H.; Mortimer, J.; Ni, L.; Jiang, M.; Hou, X.; Zhang, A.; Zhang, J.
Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase30 negatively affects salt tolerance in Arabidopsis
J. Exp. Bot.
70
5495-5506
2019
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q38908), Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q38908)
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