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Information on EC 2.3.1.75 - long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase and Organism(s) Simmondsia chinensis and UniProt Accession Q9XGY6
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2.3.1.75 long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferaseIUBMB Comments
Transfers saturated or unsaturated acyl residues of chain-length C18 to C20 to long-chain alcohols, forming waxes. The best acceptor is cis-icos-11-en-1-ol.
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Word Map
- 2.3.1.75
- acyl-coas
- esterification
-
retinyl
-
arats
-
biodiesels
-
lubricant
- marinobacter
- jojoba
-
retinol-binding
-
3hretinol
-
lecithin:retinol
-
simmondsia
- faees
- aquaeolei
- synthesis
- baylyi
-
acyl-coa-dependent
- hexadecanol
- analysis
- agriculture
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Simmondsia chinensis
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
acyl-coa:retinol acyltransferase, wax synthase, wax ester synthase, awat2, awat1, wax ester synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase, atfa1, wax ester synthase/acyl-coenzyme a:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, maqu_0168, acyl-coa wax alcohol acyltransferases, 
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topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
acyltransferase, long-chain alcohol
-
-
-
-
wax synthase
wax-ester synthase
-
-
-
-
wax synthase
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Acyl group transfer
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
acyl-CoA:long-chain-alcohol O-acyltransferase
Transfers saturated or unsaturated acyl residues of chain-length C18 to C20 to long-chain alcohols, forming waxes. The best acceptor is cis-icos-11-en-1-ol.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
64060-40-8
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
eicosenoyl-CoA + octadecenol
octadecenyl eicosenoate + CoA
best substrates
-
-
?
acyl-CoA + a long-chain alcohol
CoA + a long-chain ester
-
-
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + cis-11-eicosenol
cis-11-eicosenyl eicosanoate + CoA
-
cis-11-eicosenol is the best acceptor
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + cis-13-eicosenol
cis-13-eicosenyl eicosanoate + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + cis-9-octadecenol
cis-9-octadecenyl eicosanoate + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + docosanol
docosanyl eicosanoate + CoA
-
low activity
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + eicosanol
eicosanyl eicosanoate + CoA
-
low activity
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + octadecanol
octadecanyl eicosanoate + CoA
-
low activity
-
-
?
eicosenoyl-CoA + dodecanol
dodecyl eicosenoate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
eicosenoyl-CoA + hexadecanol
hexadecanyl eicosenate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
eicosenoyl-CoA + tetradecanol
tetradecyl eicosenoate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
linoleoyl-CoA + hexadecanol
hexadecanyl linoleate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + eicosenol
eicosenyl myristate + CoA
-
highest activity
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + hexadecanol
hexadecanyl myristate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + hexadecenol
hexadecenyl myristate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + linolenyl alcohol
linolenoyl myristate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + linoleyl alcohol
linoleoyl myristate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + octadecanol
octadecyl myristate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + octadecenol
octadecenyl myristate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + eicosenol
eicosenyl palmitate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + hexadecanol
hexadecanyl palmitate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + octadecanol
octadecyl palmitate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + octadecenol
octadecenyl palmitate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + tetradecanol
tetradecyl stearate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
eicosenoyl-CoA + docosenol
docosenyl eicosenoate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
linoleoyl-CoA + tetradecanol
tetradecyl linoleate + CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
linoleoyl-CoA + tetradecanol
tetradecyl linoleate + CoA
-
second highest activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
eicosanoyl-CoA can be replaced by stearoyl-CoA or cis-11-eicosenoyl-CoA with equal reactivity
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acyl-CoA + a long-chain alcohol
CoA + a long-chain ester
-
-
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
bovine serum albumin
-
defatted, 2fold activation in crude enzyme extract at concentration below 5 mg/ml, inhibition above
-
bovine serum albumin
-
highest activity in the presence of 0.6 mg bovine serum albumin
-
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7
-
the activity of the enzyme gradually increases with the raise of buffer pH reaching the maximum at pH around 7.0
additional information
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). WAXS1_SIMCH
352
7
40157
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
amino acid sequence analysis and alignment
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
cloned cDNA is expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants, in combination with cDNAs encoding the jojoba fatty acyl-CoA reductase and a beta-ketoacyl-CoA synthase from Lunaria annua under a seed specific promotor, highly enhanced wax content in transgenic seeds
additional information
-
cloned cDNA is expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants, in combination with cDNAs encoding the jojoba fatty acyl-CoA reductase and a beta-ketoacyl-CoA synthase from Lunaria annua under a seed specific promotor, highly enhanced wax content in transgenic seeds
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
-
no improvement of heat-stability by polyvinylpyrrolidone
GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
wax esters formation is not observed in citrate buffer with pH below 5.5. The enzyme activity at pH 6.0 is higher in citrate buffer than in p-buffer
-
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
cloning of cDNA, DNA sequence analysis, construction of plasmid to express the cDNA in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
agriculture
transgenic plants expressing the enzyme allow the production of long-chain liquid waxes at reasonable cost for use in commercial applications
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Wu, X.Y.; Moreau, R.A.; Stumpf, P.K.
Studies of biosynthesis of waxes by developing jojoba seed: III. Biosynthesis of wax esters from acetyl-CoA and long-chain alcohols
Lipids
16
897-902
1981
Simmondsia chinensis
-
Garver, W.S.; Kemp, J.D.; Kuehn, G.D.
A high-performance liquid chromatography-based radiometric assay for acyl-CoA:alcohol transacylase from jojoba
Anal. Biochem.
207
335-340
1992
Simmondsia chinensis
Lardizabal, K.D.; Metz, J.G.; Sakamoto, T.; Hutton, W.C.; Pollard, M.R.; Lassner, M.W.
Purification of a jojoba embryo wax synthase, cloning of its cDNA, and production of high levels of wax in seeds of transgenic Arabidopsis
Plant Physiol.
122
645-655
2000
Simmondsia chinensis (Q9XGY6), Simmondsia chinensis
Miklaszewska, M.; Banas, A.
Biochemical characterization and substrate specificity of jojoba fatty acyl-CoA reductase and jojoba wax synthase
Plant Sci.
249
84-92
2016
Simmondsia chinensis
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