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Information on EC 2.3.1.50 - serine C-palmitoyltransferase and Organism(s) Mus musculus and UniProt Accession P97363

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IUBMB Comments
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein.
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This record set is specific for:
Mus musculus
UNIPROT: P97363
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Mus musculus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
serine palmitoyltransferase, sptlc1, sptlc2, serine palmitoyl transferase, ssspta, serine-palmitoyltransferase, serine-palmitoyl transferase, serine palmitoyltransferase a, ssspt, lcb2a, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
serine palmitoyltransferase
-
3-oxosphinganine synthetase
-
-
-
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acyl-CoA:serine C-2 acyltransferase decarboxylating
-
-
-
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palmitoyltransferase, serine
-
-
-
-
serine palmitoyl transferase
-
-
serine palmitoyltransferase
serine-palmitoyl transferase
-
-
serine-palmitoyltransferase
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
decarboxylation
-
-
-
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condensation
-
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Acyl group transfer
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
palmitoyl-CoA:L-serine C-palmitoyltransferase (decarboxylating)
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
62213-50-7
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
palmitoyl-CoA + L-serine
CoA + 3-dehydro-D-sphinganine + CO2
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + L-serine
CoA + 3-dehydro-D-sphinganine + CO2
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
palmitoyl-CoA + L-serine
CoA + 3-dehydro-D-sphinganine + CO2
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
-
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
beta-chloro-L-alanine
-
-
cis-4-methylsphingosine
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time- and concentration-dependent, causes drastic morphological changes of the cells in vivo
cis-5-methylsphingosine
-
weak inhibition
cis-sphingosine
-
weak inhibition
L-Cycloserine
-
-
lipoxamycin
-
-
myriocin
trans-4-methylsphingosine
-
-
trans-5-methylsphingosine
-
weak inhibition
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
retinoic acid
-
up-regulates enzyme activity in embryonic carcinoma cell ine PCC7-Mz1
additional information
-
enzyme activity is enhanced under stress and in apoptosis, e.g. in pancreatic cells in a model for diabetes, in case of angiotensin II type receptor occupancy
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
0.000044
-
HEK cells transfected with mLCB2, crude extract
additional information
-
intramuscular fatty acid composition and ceramide content of wild-type and SCD1-deficiency mice, overview
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
7.4
-
assay at
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
37
-
assay at
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
bone marrow–derived
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
embryonic cell line PCC7-Mz1
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
granule cells, neuronal cells
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
malfunction
myeloid cell-specific serine palmitoyltransferase subunit 2 haploinsufficiency reduces murine atherosclerosis. SPT subunit 2-haploinsufficient (Sptlc2+/-) macrophages have significantly lower SM levels in plasma membrane and lipid rafts. This reduction not only impairs inflammatory responses triggered by TLR4 and its downstream NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways, but also enhances reverse cholesterol transport mediated by ABC transporters. LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice transplanted with Sptlc2+/- bone marrow cells exhibit significantly fewer atherosclerotic lesions after high-fat and high-cholesterol diet feeding. Additionally, Ldlr-/- mice with myeloid cell-specific Sptlc2 haploinsufficiency exhibit significantly less atherosclerosis than controls. Sptlc2 haploinsufficiency in macrophages leads to significant reductions of SM, glucosylceramide, and GM3 in macrophage plasma membranes and lipid rafts, resulting in altered raft distribution. Detailed phenotype overview
metabolism
serine palmitoyltransferase is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo biosynthetic pathway of sphingomyelin. Both serine palmitoyltransferase and sphingomyelin are implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the development of which is driven by macrophages
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
SPTC2_MOUSE
560
0
62982
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
no glycoprotein
-
-
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of mLCB1 and LCB2 as glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein in Escherichia coli DH5alpha
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in vitro transcription and translation of mLCB2
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overexpression of mLCB1 and mLCB2 in human embryonic kidney cells, independently and in coexpression with mLCB1
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
medicine
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Weiss, B.; Stoffel, W.
Human and murine serine-palmitoyl-CoA transferase. Cloning, expression and characterization of the key enzyme in sphingolipid synthesis
Eur. J. Biochem.
249
239-247
1997
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Van Echten-Deckert, G.; Zschoche, A.; Bar, T.; Schmidt, R.R.; Raths, A.; Heinemann, T.; Sandhoff, K.
cis-4-Methylsphingosine decreases sphingolipid biosynthesis by specifically interfering with serine palmitoyltransferase activity in primary cultured neurons
J. Biol. Chem.
272
15825-15833
1997
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Perry, D.K.
Serine palmitoyltransferase: role in apoptotic de novo ceramide synthesis and other stress responses
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1585
146-152
2002
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lightle, S.; Tosheva, R.; Lee, A.; Queen-Baker, J.; Boyanovsky, B.; Shedlofsky, S.; Nikolova-Karakashian, M.
Elevation of ceramide in serum lipoproteins during acute phase response in humans and mice: role of serine-palmitoyl transferase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
419
120-128
2003
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Dobrzyn, A.; Dobrzyn, P.; Lee, S.; Miyazaki, M.; Cohen, P.; Asilmaz, E.; Hardie, D.G.; Friedman, J.M.; Ntambi, J.M.
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 deficiency reduces ceramide synthesis by downregulating serine palmitoyltransferase and increasing beta-oxidation in skeletal muscle
Am. J. Physiol.
288
E599-E607
2005
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Glaros, E.N.; Kim, W.S.; Wu, B.J.; Suarna, C.; Quinn, C.M.; Rye, K.A.; Stocker, R.; Jessup, W.; Garner, B.
Inhibition of atherosclerosis by the serine palmitoyl transferase inhibitor myriocin is associated with reduced plasma glycosphingolipid concentration
Biochem. Pharmacol.
73
1340-1346
2007
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Park, T.S.; Rosebury, W.; Kindt, E.K.; Kowala, M.C.; Panek, R.L.
Serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor myriocin induces the regression of atherosclerotic plaques in hyperlipidemic ApoE-deficient mice
Pharmacol. Res.
58
45-51
2008
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chakraborty, M.; Lou, C.; Huan, C.; Kuo, M.S.; Park, T.S.; Cao, G.; Jiang, X.C.
Myeloid cell-specific serine palmitoyltransferase subunit 2 haploinsufficiency reduces murine atherosclerosis
J. Clin. Invest.
123
1784-1797
2013
Mus musculus (P97363), Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team