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Information on EC 2.3.1.39 - [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase and Organism(s) Homo sapiens and UniProt Accession Q8IVS2

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
This enzyme, along with EC 2.3.1.38, [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase, is essential for the initiation of fatty-acid biosynthesis in bacteria. This enzyme also provides the malonyl groups for polyketide biosynthesis . The product of the reaction, malonyl-ACP, is an elongation substrate in fatty-acid biosynthesis. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, holo-ACP (the product of EC 2.7.8.7, holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase) is the preferred substrate . This enzyme also forms part of the multienzyme complexes EC 4.1.1.88, biotin-independent malonate decarboxylase and EC 7.2.4.4, biotin-dependent malonate decarboxylase. Malonylation of ACP is immediately followed by decarboxylation within the malonate-decarboxylase complex to yield acetyl-ACP, the catalytically active species of the decarboxylase . In the enzyme from Klebsiella pneumoniae, methylmalonyl-CoA can also act as a substrate but acetyl-CoA cannot whereas the enzyme from Pseudomonas putida can use both as substrates . The ACP subunit found in fatty-acid biosynthesis contains a pantetheine-4'-phosphate prosthetic group; that from malonate decarboxylase also contains pantetheine-4'-phosphate but in the form of a 2'-(5-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA prosthetic group.
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This record set is specific for:
Homo sapiens
UNIPROT: Q8IVS2
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
fatty acid synthase, malonyl-coa:acp transacylase, malonyl transferase, mtfabd, hpmcat, fabd2, malonyl-coa:acyl carrier protein transacylase, malonyl coa-acyl carrier protein transacylase, malonyl-coa-acyl carrier protein transacylase, mcamt, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase
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fatty acid synthase
malonyl coenzyme A-acyl carrier protein transacylase
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-
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malonyl transacylase
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-
-
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malonyl transferase
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-
-
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malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase
malonyltransferase, [acyl-carrier-protein]
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-
-
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MCAT
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[acyl carrier protein]malonyltransferase
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-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Acyl group transfer
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-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-, -, -, -, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
malonyl-CoA:[acyl-carrier protein] S-malonyltransferase
This enzyme, along with EC 2.3.1.38, [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase, is essential for the initiation of fatty-acid biosynthesis in bacteria. This enzyme also provides the malonyl groups for polyketide biosynthesis [7]. The product of the reaction, malonyl-ACP, is an elongation substrate in fatty-acid biosynthesis. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, holo-ACP (the product of EC 2.7.8.7, holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase) is the preferred substrate [5]. This enzyme also forms part of the multienzyme complexes EC 4.1.1.88, biotin-independent malonate decarboxylase and EC 7.2.4.4, biotin-dependent malonate decarboxylase. Malonylation of ACP is immediately followed by decarboxylation within the malonate-decarboxylase complex to yield acetyl-ACP, the catalytically active species of the decarboxylase [12]. In the enzyme from Klebsiella pneumoniae, methylmalonyl-CoA can also act as a substrate but acetyl-CoA cannot [10] whereas the enzyme from Pseudomonas putida can use both as substrates [11]. The ACP subunit found in fatty-acid biosynthesis contains a pantetheine-4'-phosphate prosthetic group; that from malonate decarboxylase also contains pantetheine-4'-phosphate but in the form of a 2'-(5-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA prosthetic group.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
37257-17-3
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
malonyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + an acetyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
malonyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
malonyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
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enzyme is part of the malonyl-CoA-dependent type II fatty acid synthase complex in mitochondria
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-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
malonyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + an acetyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
malonyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
malonyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier protein]
CoA + malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
show the reaction diagram
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absolutely specific for the substrates, type II [acyl-carrier protein]
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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enzyme is part of the malonyl-CoA-dependent type II fatty acid synthase complex in mitochondria
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-
?
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
0.1
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recombinant enzyme with recombinant ACP-A from Bacillus subtilis
0.14
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recombinant enzyme with recombinant human mitochondrial [acyl-carrier protein] lacking the first 68 amino acid residues
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
6.8
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assay at
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
20
-
assay at
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
umbilical cord vein blood
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
the key enzyme of mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis contributes to insulin resistance
malfunction
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disease variants of the enzyme lead to a structurally unstable protein with significantly reduced intracellular expression
physiological function
-
the enzyme plays an essential role in mitochondrial function and maintenance of retinal ganglion cell axons
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
FABD_HUMAN
390
0
42962
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
L81R
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the mutation is responsible for autosomal recessive optic neuropathy
L81R/R212W
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the mutation is responsible for autosomal recessive optic neuropathy
R212W
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the mutation is responsible for autosomal recessive optic neuropathy
R606A
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant truncated enzyme forms from Sf9 insect cells
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic tree, expression as GFP-fusion protein containing the mitochondrial targeting sequence in mitochondria of HeLa cells, expression of truncated enzyme forms lacking the first 21 or 59 amino acid residues, respectively, in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) as soluble enzymes, or in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells via baculovirus infection system
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expressed in HEK-239T, COS7 and Hela cells
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
the enzyme protein level is increased about 2.7fold in lymphocytes of umbilical cord blood from gestational diabetes mellitus patients compared with those in healthy pregnant women
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Zhang, L.; Joshi, A.K.; Hofmann, J.; Schweizer, E.; Smith, S.
Cloning, expression, and characterization of the human mitochondrial beta-ketoacyl synthase. Complementation of the yeast CEM1 knock-out strain
J. Biol. Chem.
280
12422-12429
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Paiva, P.; Sousa, S.; Ramos, M.; Fernandes, P.
Understanding the catalytic machinery and the reaction pathway of the malonyl-acetyl transferase domain of human fatty acid synthase
ACS Catal.
8
4860-4872
2018
Homo sapiens (P49327)
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Paiva, P.; Sousa, S.; Fernandes, P.; Joao Ramos, M.
Human Fatty Acid Synthase A Computational study of the transfer of the acyl moieties from mat to the ACP domain
ChemCatChem
11
3853-3864
2019
Homo sapiens
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Li, H.; Yuan, S.; Minegishi, Y.; Suga, A.; Yoshitake, K.; Sheng, X.; Ye, J.; Smith, S.; Bunkoczi, G.; Yamamoto, M.; Iwata, T.
Novel mutations in malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase provoke autosomal recessive optic neuropathy
Hum. Mol. Genet.
29
444-458
2020
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhang, Y.; Ye, J.; Fan, J.
Regulation of malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase network in umbilical cord blood affected by intrauterine hyperglycemia
Oncotarget
8
75254-75263
2017
Homo sapiens (Q8IVS2), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team