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Information on EC 2.3.1.198 - glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession O80437

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
A membrane-associated enzyme required for suberin or cutin synthesis in plants. Active with a wide range of acyl-CoA substrates (C16:0-C24:0). The enzyme from some sources has much higher activity with omega-oxidized acyl-CoAs. Some enzymes are bifunctional and have an additional phosphatase activity producing sn-2-monoacylglycerols.
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Arabidopsis thaliana
UNIPROT: O80437
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
sn-2 acyltransferase, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 6, ppgpat2, ppgpat4, nbgpat6a, slgpat6, glycerol-3-phosphate 2-o-acyltransferases, sn-2 gpat, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
At2g38110
GPAT6
sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
-
glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferases
-
GPAT4
GPAT5
no additional phosphatase activity
sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
-
additional information
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase
A membrane-associated enzyme required for suberin or cutin synthesis in plants. Active with a wide range of acyl-CoA substrates (C16:0-C24:0). The enzyme from some sources has much higher activity with omega-oxidized acyl-CoAs. Some enzymes are bifunctional and have an additional phosphatase activity producing sn-2-monoacylglycerols.
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
dicarboxylic acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-dicarboxylic acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
omega-hydroxy-acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-omega-hydroxy-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + 15-carboxypentadecanoyl-CoA
CoA + 1-(15-carboxypentadecanoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + 2-(15-carboxypentadecanoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
15-carboxypentadecanoyl-CoA = C16:0 DCA-CoA
(15-carboxypentadecanoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = C16:0 DCA-LPA, ratio of sn-2:sn-1-labeled products is 5:1 or greater
-
?
acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
dicarboxylic acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-dicarboxylic acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
omega-hydroxy-acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 1-omega-hydroxy-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + (9Z)-17-carboxyheptadec-9-enoyl-CoA
CoA + 1-((9Z)-17-carboxyheptadec-9-enoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + 2-((9Z)-17-carboxyheptadec-9-enoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
(9Z)-17-carboxyheptadec-9-enoyl-CoA = C18:1 DCA-CoA
((9Z)-17-carboxyheptadec-9-enoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = C18:1 DCA-LPA, ratio of sn-2:sn-1-labeled products is 5:1 or greater
-
?
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + 15-carboxypentadecanoyl-CoA
CoA + 1-(15-carboxypentadecanoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + 2-(15-carboxypentadecanoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
15-carboxypentadecanoyl-CoA = C16:0 DCA-CoA
(15-carboxypentadecanoyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = C16:0 DCA-LPA, sn-2:sn-1-labeled products is 2:1
-
?
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
dicarboxylic acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-dicarboxylic acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
omega-hydroxy-acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-omega-hydroxy-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
dicarboxylic acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 2-dicarboxylic acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
omega-hydroxy-acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CoA + 1-omega-hydroxy-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
NaCl
synthesis of unsaturated fatty acid and double bond index (DBI) of phosphatidylglycerol of plants are inhibited by salt stress
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
20
activity assay at room temperature
20
activity assay at room temperature
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
modeling data indicate this localisation
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
modeling data indicate this localisation
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
malfunction
GPAT6 mutant seeds show reduced germination rates and root lengths compared to wild-type in presence of 50-150 mM salt. Overexpression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase from Suaeda salsa improves salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana deficient in GPAT6. In the seedling stage, chlorophyll content, the photochemical efficiency of PSII, PSI oxidoreductive activity (1I/Io), and the unsaturated fatty acid content of PG decrease less in overexpressing strains and more in mutant strains than that in wild-type under salt stress. The overexpression of SsGPAT alleviates the photoinhibition of PSII and PSI under salt stress by improving the unsaturated fatty acid content of phosphatidylglycerol (PG)
physiological function
malfunction
glycerol content is strongly reduced in both stem and leaf cutin from all Arabidopsis thaliana mutants analyzed (gpat4/gpat8). Knocking out any of these genes individually, or as a pair (gpat4/gpat8), leads to large reductions in Arabidopsis thaliana cutin monomer loads, especially in the major monomer octadeca-6,9-diene-1,18-dioate (C18:2 DCA). sn-2-GPATs play pivotal roles in providing glycerol as a structural monomer for cutin through regiospecific sn-2 acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate. The double-knockout gpat4/gpat8 has an overall 60-70% reduction of aliphatic monomers in stem and leaf cutin, and the most pronounced decrease occurs in its major monomer, C18:2 dicarboxylic acyl-CoA (DCA)
metabolism
isozymes GPAT4 and GPAT8 are glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O acyltransferases that catalyze the first step in leaf and stem cutin acylglycerol assembly
physiological function
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
GPAT6_ARATH
501
3
56139
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene GPAT6, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic tree, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis
cloned in yeast microsomes and wheat germ cells
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Yang, W.; Pollard, M.; Li-Beisson, Y.; Beisson, F.; Feig, M.; Ohlrogge, J.
A distinct type of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase with sn-2 preference and phosphatase activity producing 2-monoacylglycerol
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
107
12040-12045
2010
Arabidopsis thaliana (O80437), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9CAY3), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LMM0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sui, N.; Tian, S.; Wang, W.; Wang, M.; Fan, H.
Overexpression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase from Suaeda salsa improves salt tolerance in Arabidopsis
Front. Plant Sci.
8
1337
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana (O80437), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (O80437)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Jayawardhane, K.N.; Singer, S.D.; Weselake, R.J.; Chen, G.
Plant sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases biocatalysts involved in the biosynthesis of intracellular and extracellular lipids
Lipids
53
469-480
2018
Arabidopsis thaliana (O80437), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LMM0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yang, W.; Pollard, M.; Li-Beisson, Y.; Ohlrogge, J.
Quantitative analysis of glycerol in dicarboxylic acid-rich cutins provides insights into Arabidopsis cutin structure
Phytochemistry
130
159-169
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (Q5XF03), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0, Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q5XF03)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team