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Information on EC 2.1.4.1 - glycine amidinotransferase and Organism(s) Rattus norvegicus and UniProt Accession P50442

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EC Tree
     2 Transferases
         2.1 Transferring one-carbon groups
             2.1.4 Amidinotransferases
                2.1.4.1 glycine amidinotransferase
IUBMB Comments
Canavanine can act instead of arginine.
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This record set is specific for:
Rattus norvegicus
UNIPROT: P50442
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Rattus norvegicus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
l-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase, glycine amidinotransferase, arginine:glycine amidinotransferase, arginine-glycine amidinotransferase, glycine aminotransferase, arginine-glycine transamidinase, glycine transamidinase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
-
glycine amidinotransferase
-
arginine-glycine amidinotransferase
-
-
-
-
arginine-glycine transamidinase
-
-
-
-
arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
-
-
glycine amidinotransferase
-
-
glycine transamidinase
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
amidine group transfer
-
amidine group transfer
transamidination
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
Canavanine can act instead of arginine.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9027-35-4
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
canavanine + ornithine
arginine + canaline
show the reaction diagram
L-arginine + glycine
L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
show the reaction diagram
L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
L-arginine + glycine
show the reaction diagram
arginine + 3-aminopropionic acid
3-guanidinopropionic acid + ornithine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
arginine + 4-aminobutyric acid
4-guanidinobutyric acid + ornithine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
arginine + 5-aminovaleric acid
5-guanidinovaleric acid + ornithine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
arginine + ethanolamine
2-guanidinoethanol + ornithine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
arginine + hydroxylamine
ornithine + hydroxyguanidine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
arginine + lysine
homoarginine + ornithine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
arginine + ornithine
ornithine + arginine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
arginine + taurine
2-guanidinoethanesulfonic acid + ornithine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
canavanine + canaline
canaline + canavanine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
canavanine + glycine
guanidinoacetate + canaline
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
r
canavanine + hydroxylamine
canaline + hydroxyguanidine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
canavanine + ornithine
arginine + canaline
show the reaction diagram
glycine + guanidinoacetate
guanidinoacetate + glycine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
r
guanidinoacetate + canaline
glycine + canavanine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
guanidinoacetate + hydroxylamine
hydroxyguanidine + glycine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
guanidinoacetate + ornithine
glycine + arginine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
homoarginine + glycine
homoornithine + guanidinoacetate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
r
L-arginine + glycine
L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
-
L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid and histidine are no substrates
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
L-arginine + glycine
L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
show the reaction diagram
L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
L-arginine + glycine
show the reaction diagram
L-arginine + glycine
L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
show the reaction diagram
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
NH4+
NH4+-induced decrease in creatine and guanidinoacetate probably occurs through inhibition of AGAT enzymatic activity
2-thio-6-aminouracil
-
plus ferricyanide, strong inhibition
2-thio-6-oxopurine
-
plus ferricyanide, strong inhibition
2-Thiouracil
-
plus ferricyanide, strong inhibition
2-thiouracil-5-carboxylic acid
-
plus ferricyanide, strong inhibition
CO2
-
in presence of amidino group donor
dithiobiuret
-
plus ferricyanide, strong inhibition
glycine
-
inhibits in presence of low amounts of arginine
guanidine hydrochloride
-
-
L-norvaline
-
good competitive inhibitor
ornithine
p-chloromercuribenzoate
-
-
thiolhistidine
-
plus ferricyanide, strong inhibition
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
cysteine
-
relative activity 103%
thiolhistidine
-
relative activity 102%
Thiourea
-
relative activity 104%
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
57.4 - 57.5
3-aminopropionic acid
24.9 - 27.2
4-aminobutyric acid
23.5 - 23.9
5-Aminovaleric acid
2.4 - 14.3
arginine
163 - 450
ethanolamine
3 - 5
glycine
23 - 23.5
lysine
0.011
ornithine
-
-
392
taurine
-
alpha-transamidinase
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.253
ornithine
-
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
7.4
-
synthesis of guanidinoacetic acid
8.3
-
synthesis of 4-guanidinobutyric acid
8.4
-
synthesis of homoarginine
8.6
-
synthesis of 5-guanidinovaleric acid
9.2
-
synthesis of 3-guanidinopropionic acid, 2-guanidinoethanol and 2-guanidinoethanesulfonic acid
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
adult brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
adult brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
microcapillary endothelial cell, adult brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
ependymal epithelium, adult brain, developing embryonic brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
developing embryonic brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
developing embryonic brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
developing embryonic brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
adult brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
developing embryonic brain
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
GATM_RAT
423
0
48242
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
42000
-
2 * 42000, alpha-transamidinase, SDS-PAGE, 2 * 44000, beta-transamidinase, SDS-PAGE
44000
-
2 * 42000, alpha-transamidinase, SDS-PAGE, 2 * 44000, beta-transamidinase, SDS-PAGE
46000
-
preprotein, size predicted from cDNA
57000
-
in vitro synthesized preprotein, SDS-PAGE
82600
-
alpha-transamidinase, sedimentation equilibrium
83000
-
gel filtration
83300
-
beta-transamidinase, sedimentation equilibrium
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-18°C, homogenized tissues stored during 1 month without any loss of enzyme activity
-
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
2 fractions of enzyme, designated alpha- and beta transamidase individually purified
-
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
cDNA, nucleotide sequence determined
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
medicine
reaggregated brain cell three-dimensional cultures exposed to NH4Cl are used as an experimental model of hyperammonemia in the developing central nervous system
medicine
-
creatine deficiency syndromes, either due to AGAT, GAMT or SLC6A8 deficiencies, lead to a complete absence, or a very strong decrease, of creatine within the brain
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Walker, J.B.
Studies on the mechanism of action of kidney transamidinase
J. Biol. Chem.
224
57-66
1957
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Walker, J.B.
Amidinotranferases
The Enzymes, 3rd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , ed. )
9
497-509
1973
Bos taurus, Canavalia ensiformis, Gallus gallus, Homo sapiens, Lacerta sp., Rana sp., Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Dubach, U.C.
Transamidinase
Methods Enzym. Anal. , 3rd Ed. (Bergmeyer, H. U. , ed. )
1
740-743
1974
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
McGuire, D.M.; Tormanen, C.D.; Segal, I.S.; Van Pilsum, J.F.
The effect of growth hormone and thyroxine on the amount of L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase in kidneys of hypophysectomized rats
J. Biol. Chem.
255
1152-1159
1980
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sipilae, I.
Inhibition of arginine-glycine amidinotransferase by ornithine. A possible mechanism for the muscular and chorioretinal atrophies in gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina with hyperornithinemia
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
613
79-84
1980
Gallus gallus, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawley, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gross, M.D.; Eggen, M.A.; Simon, A.M.; Van Pilsum, J.F.
The purification and charcterization of human kidney L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
251
747-755
1986
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gross, M.D.; Simon, A.M.; Jenny, R.J.; Gray, E.D.; McGuire, D.M.; Van Pilsum, J.F.
Multiple forms of rat kidney L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
J. Nutr.
118
1403-1409
1988
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Raman Rao, S.V.R.; Indira, K.
Effects of guanidine hydrochloride on catalytic efficiency of glycine amidinotransferase of rat
Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int.
29
63-67
1993
Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus Wistar
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Guthmiller, P.; Van Pilsum, J.F.; Boen, J.R.; McGuire, D.M.
Cloning and sequencing of rat kidney L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase. Studies on the mechanism of regulation by growth hormone and creatine
J. Biol. Chem.
269
17556-17560
1994
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Watanabe, Y.; Van Pilsum, J.F.; Yokoi, I.; Mori, A.
Synthesis of neuroactive guanidino compounds by rat kidney L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
Life Sci.
55
351-358
1994
Felis domestica, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawley
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Humm, A.; Fritsche, E.; Mann, K.; Goehl, M.; Huber, R.
Recombinant expression and isolation of human L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase and identification of its active-site cysteine residue
Biochem. J.
322
771-776
1997
Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens (P50440), Sus scrofa, Rattus norvegicus (P50442)
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Humm, A.; Fritsche, E.; Steinbacher, S.
Structure and reaction mechanism of L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
Biol. Chem.
378
193-197
1997
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Humm, A.; Fritsche, E.; Steinbacher, S.; Huber, R.
Crystal structure and mechanism of human L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase: a mitochondrial enzyme involved in creatine biosynthesis
EMBO J.
16
3373-3385
1997
Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens (P50440), Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus (P50442), Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bedekar, A.; Zink, R.M.; Sherman, D.H.; Line, T.V.; Van Pilsum, J.F.
The comparative amino acid sequences, substrate specificities and gene or cDNA nucleotide sequences of some prokaryote and eukaryote amidinotransferases: implications for evolution
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B
119B
677-690
1998
Homo sapiens, Lampetra planeri, no activity in Streptomyces sp., Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhu, Y.; Evans, M.I.
Estrogen modulates the expression of L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase in chick liver
Mol. Cell. Biochem.
221
139-145
2001
Gallus gallus, Gallus gallus (Q9I9K9), Homo sapiens, Rana sp., Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Braissant, O.; Cagnon, L.; Monnet-Tschudi, F.; Speer, O.; Wallimann, T.; Honegger, P.; Henry, H.
Ammonium alters creatine transport and synthesis in a 3D culture of developing brain cells, resulting in secondary cerebral creatine deficiency
Eur. J. Neurosci.
27
1673-1685
2008
Rattus norvegicus (P50442)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Braissant, O.; Bachmann, C.; Henry, H.
Expression and function of AGAT, GAMT and CT1 in the mammalian brain
Subcell. Biochem.
46
67-81
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team