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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 2.1.1.104 - caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC2.1.1.104
Word Map on EC 2.1.1.104
- 2.1.1.104
-
lignin
-
o-methylation
-
phenylpropanoids
- xylem
-
polyketide
-
syringyl
-
monolignols
-
ferulic
-
ammonia-lyase
- poplar
-
lignification
- s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine
-
sam-dependent
-
s-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent
-
guaiacyl
-
methoxylated
-
cinnamyl
- aspen
-
2.1.1.6
-
coniferyl
-
sinapyl
-
l-isoaspartyl
-
4-coumarate:coa
- parsley
-
d-aspartyl
- caffeate
- orcinol
-
feruloyl
- allata
- medicine
- analysis
- agriculture
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The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
2.1.1.104
-
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
methyl group transfer
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
S-adenosyl-L-methionine:caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase
-
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
120433-42-3
-
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
At4g34050; ecotypes Columbia (Col-0) and Wassilewskija (WS)
SwissProt
alfalfa; cv Apollo for non-transgenic and cv Regen SY for transgenic line with downregulated CCoAOMT
-
-
cv Samsun NN, 4 different clones were isolated from infected leaves; tobacco
-
-
cold-sensitive cultivar Doongara and the relatively cold-tolerant cultivar HSC55
SwissProt
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
physiological function
metabolism
COMT plays a pivotal position in the lignin biosynthetic pathway
metabolism
COMT plays a pivotal position in the lignin biosynthetic pathway
metabolism
the enzyme is involved in lignin biosynthesis especially in the formation of cell wall ferulic esters of plants. It plays a pivotal role in the methylation of the 3-hydroxyl group of caffeoyl CoA; the enzyme is involved in lignin biosynthesis especially in the formation of cell wall ferulic esters of plants. It plays a pivotal role in the methylation of the 3-hydroxyl group of caffeoyl CoA
metabolism
the enzyme catalyzes central essential reactions in the lignin biosynthesis, pathway overview
physiological function
CCoAOMT gene may play a role in innate generalized response to pathogen infection. CCoAOMT gene plays an essential role in the synthesis of guaiacyl lignin units and supply substrates for the synthesis of syringyl lignin units
physiological function
-
CCoAOMT gene may play a role in innate generalized response to pathogen infection. CCoAOMT gene plays an essential role in the synthesis of guaiacyl lignin units and supply substrates for the synthesis of syringyl lignin units
physiological function
downregulation by RNAi leads to a 22.4% decrease in Klason lignin content and a 23.3% increase in cellulose content compared with wild-type. The lignin monomer composition of the RNAi plants shows a 57.08% higher S/G ratio than wild-type plants. Histological staining of lignin with Wiesner reagent produces slightly more coloration in the xylem and sclerenchyma than in wild-type plants
physiological function
-
transgenic plants of tobacco and Medicago truncatula containing the GUS gene driven by the hi12 promoter show GUS expression following harvesting
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde
?
moderate activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
activity in presence of Co2+, no activity in presence of Mg2+
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxy-ferulic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
activity in presence of Co2+, no activity in presence of Mg2+
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapaldehyde
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferulic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapic acid
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferulic acid ethyl ester
?
high activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7,8-dihydroxyflavone
?
-
OMT-15 shows 102% activity and OMT-17 shows 143% activity compared to myricetin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl alcohol
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl aldehyde
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
OMT-15 shows 100% activity and OMT-17 shows 58% activity compared to myricetin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl CoA
33% of the activity with luteolin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-D-glucose
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoylaldehyde
?
low activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dihydroquercetin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
2.5% of the activity with luteolin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
-
methylation occurs in 3'-, 3''- and 4''-position
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + eriodictyol
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + eriodictoyl-3'-O-methylether + eriodictoyl-4'-O-methylether
15% of the activity with luteolin
80% para product versus 20% meta in the wild type
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + eriodictyol
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + homoeriodictyol
-
single product
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + esculetin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
20% of the activity with luteolin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + luteolin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + scoparol
-
synthesis of a single meta-methylated product
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + quercetagetin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
no activity in presence of Co2+, low activity in presence of Mg2+
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + quercetagetin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + quercetagetin 6,3'-di-O-methylether
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + quercetin
?
moderate activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + quercetin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + isorhamnetin
60% of the activity with luteolin
synthesis of a single meta-methylated product
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + trans-caffeic acid esters
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ?
-
such as methyl caffeate, chlorogenic acid, trans-5-O-caffeoylshikimate, rosmarinic acid, poor substrates
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tricetin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + selgin
highest activity
tricin, also identified as product
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxy-feruloyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxy-feruloyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxy-feruloyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
3' methylating activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxy-feruloyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde
?
low activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde
?
moderate activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapaldehyde
-
-
-
-
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferulic acid
?
-
OMT-15 shows 25% activity and OMT-17 shows 18% activity compared to myricetin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferulic acid
?
high activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
-
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ferulic acid
-
activity in presence of Co2+, no activity in presence of Mg2+
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ferulic acid
10% of the activity with luteolin
synthesis of a single meta-methylated product
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ferulic acid
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ferulic acid
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeic acid ethyl ester
?
low activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeic acid ethyl ester
?
moderate activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
enzyme predicted to catalyze first methylation step during biosynthesis of monolignols
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
enzyme responsible for the first methylation step during biosynthesis of monolignols
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
possibly involved in biosynthesis of oat avenanthramide phytoalexins
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
preferred substrate, 3' methylating activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
bi-functional enzyme, involved in lignin biosynthesis
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
the enzyme is involved in lignin biosynthesis
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
trans-caffeoyl-CoA preferred
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
inducible
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
bi-functional enzyme, involved in lignin biosynthesis
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
reaction of the overall disease resistance response of plants
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
enzyme plays a pivotal role in cell wall reinforcement during the induced disease resistance response
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
if CCoAOMT and cinnamoyl co-enzyme A reductase are coupled together, they can convert caffeoyl-CoA to coniferaldehyde if pH changes from 7.5 to 6.0
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
moderate activity
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
Zinnia sp.
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
Zinnia sp.
-
essential role in the synthesis of guaiacyl lignin units as well as in the supply of substrates for the synthesis of syringyl lignin units
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme shows a strong preference for methylating the para position of flavanones and dihydroflavonols, whereas flavones and flavonols are methylated in the meta-position
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
enzyme shows a strong preference for methylating the para position of flavanones and dihydroflavonols, whereas flavones and flavonols are methylated in the meta-position
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
CoA and caffeoyl CoA are binding with high affinity to the enzymes in the presence and absence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, thereby with higher affinity to isozyme CCoAOMT2 than CCoAOMT1, molecular dynamics, simulations, and docking analysis, overview. Conserved active site residues Met58, Thr60, Val63, Glu82, Gly84, Ser90, Asp160, Asp162, Thr169, Asn191 and Arg203 in CCoAOMT1 and CCoAOMT2 enzymes create the positive charge to balance the negatively charged caffeoyl CoA and play an important role in maintaining a functional conformation and are directly involved in donor substrate binding
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
CoA and caffeoyl CoA are binding with high affinity to the enzymes in the presence and absence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, thereby with higher affinity to isozyme CCoAOMT2 than CCoAOMT1, molecular dynamics, simulations, and docking analysis, overview. Conserved active site residues Met58, Thr60, Val63, Glu82, Gly84, Ser90, Asp160, Asp162, Thr169, Asn191 and Arg203 in CCoAOMT1 and CCoAOMT2 enzymes create the positive charge to balance the negatively charged caffeoyl CoA and play an important role in maintaining a functional conformation and are directly involved in donor substrate binding
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
CCoAOMT down-regulation induces changes in xylem cell-wall structure and the lignin fractions
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
CCoAOMT down-regulation induces changes in xylem cell-wall structure and the lignin fractions
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
flax CCoAOMT possesses a small, but probably significant 5' methylating activity, in addition to a more usual 3' methylating activity
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
flax CCoAOMT possesses a small, but probably significant 5' methylating activity, in addition to a more usual 3' methylating activity
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
in silico studies suggest that alcoholic and aldehydic substrates are preferred to those of caffeic, sinapic, and ferulic acid by both caffeic acid-O-methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.68, and caffeoyl-coenzyme A-O-methyltransferase with a marked preference for CoA ester substrates over free acids, aldehydes, and alcohols
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
a catalytic triad, consisting of Lys157-Asn181-Asp228 residues is required for complete methyl transfer in case of a cation-dependent phenylpropanoid and flavonoid O-methyl transferase. This triad appears essential for efficient methyl transfer to catechol-like hydroxyl group in phenolics. The triad is conserved among all characterized plant caffeoyl coenzyme A O-methyltransferase-like enzymes
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
caffeoyl-CoA preferred to 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
COMT catalyzes the multi-step methylation reactions of hydroxylated monomeric lignin precursors, and plays a pivotal position in the lignin biosynthetic pathway
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
OMT-15 and -17 cannot utilize naringenin, apigenin, or kaempferol as substrates, taxifolin and eriodictyol do not serve as methyl acceptors
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates are caffeic acid, bergaptol, xanthotoxol, luteolin, esculetin
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
CCoAOMT2 possesses more affinity toward caffeoyl CoA, feruloyl CoA, 5-hydroxy feruloyl CoA and sinapoyl CoA than CCoAOMT1
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
CCoAOMT2 possesses more affinity toward caffeoyl CoA, feruloyl CoA, 5-hydroxy feruloyl CoA and sinapoyl CoA than CCoAOMT1
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
COMT catalyzes the multi-step methylation reactions of hydroxylated monomeric lignin precursors, and plays a pivotal position in the lignin biosynthetic pathway
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is capable of 3'- and 5'-methylating not only acid, aldehyde and alcohol precursors, but also ester precursors, broad substrate specificity, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
very poor substrates: 4-coumarate, caffeate, ferulate, 5-hydroxyferulate and sinapate, coumarylaldehyde, caffeoyaldehyde, coniferaldehyde, 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde, sinapaldehyde, 4-coumaryl alcohol, caffeoyl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
enzyme prefers as a substrate the flavone tricetin. Enzyme shows a lower activity with vanillin precursor, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, than with tricetin
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
enzyme prefers as a substrate the flavone tricetin. Enzyme shows a lower activity with vanillin precursor, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, than with tricetin
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme prefers as a substrate the flavone tricetin. Enzyme shows a lower activity with vanillin precursor, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, than with tricetin
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
caffeoyl-CoA preferred to 5-hydroxyferuoyl-CoA
-
-
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeic acid
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ferulic acid
Q4JHB1
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxy-feruloyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
Q0N3X0, Q0N3X1
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-hydroxy-feruloyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sinapoyl-CoA
Q4JHB1
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
O49499
enzyme predicted to catalyze first methylation step during biosynthesis of monolignols
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
possibly involved in biosynthesis of oat avenanthramide phytoalexins
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
Q0N3X0, Q0N3X1
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
Q4JHB1
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
bi-functional enzyme, involved in lignin biosynthesis
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
the enzyme is involved in lignin biosynthesis
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
inducible
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
bi-functional enzyme, involved in lignin biosynthesis
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
reaction of the overall disease resistance response of plants
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
enzyme plays a pivotal role in cell wall reinforcement during the induced disease resistance response
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
Q38J50
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
Q9XGD5, Q9XGD6
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
Zinnia sp.
-
essential role in the synthesis of guaiacyl lignin units as well as in the supply of substrates for the synthesis of syringyl lignin units
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CCoAOMT down-regulation induces changes in xylem cell-wall structure and the lignin fractions
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Q4JHB1
CCoAOMT down-regulation induces changes in xylem cell-wall structure and the lignin fractions
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
O24149
COMT catalyzes the multi-step methylation reactions of hydroxylated monomeric lignin precursors, and plays a pivotal position in the lignin biosynthetic pathway
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Q38J50
COMT catalyzes the multi-step methylation reactions of hydroxylated monomeric lignin precursors, and plays a pivotal position in the lignin biosynthetic pathway
-
-
-
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Ca2+
-
in the active site of the enzyme surrounded by an octahedral arrangement of hydroxyl and carboxyl ligands, mediates the deprotonation of the caffeoyl 3-hydroxyl group and maintains the resultant oxoanion in close proximity to the reactive methyl group of S-adenosyl-L-methionine allowing for facile transmethylation to occur, restores activity of EDTA treated CCoAOMT to 100% the level of untreated CCoAOMT
Co2+
Mg2+
Mn2+
Zn2+
Co2+
-
0.15 mM, about 2fold increase of the rate of methylation of caffeoyl-CoA. Replacing Co2+ for Mg2+ drastically shifts the substrate preferences towards caffeic, 5-hydroxyferulic and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, which are not at all accepted in assays with Mg2+ as cofactor
Co2+
-
Co2+ results in recovery of 82% of OMT-15 and 41% of OMT-17 activity compared to the addition of Mg2+
Mg2+
-
restores activity of EDTA treated CCoAOMT to 100% the level of untreated CCoAOMT
Mn2+
-
0.15 mM, about 2fold increase of the rate of methylation of caffeoyl-CoA. Replacing Mn2+ for Mg2+ drastically shifts the substrate preferences towards caffeic, 5-hydroxyferulic and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, which are not at all accepted in assays with Mg2+ as cofactor
Mn2+
-
only restores activity of EDTA treated CCoAOMT to 35% the level of untreated CCoAOMT
Mn2+
-
the addition of Mn2+ restores 74% of OMT-15 activity and 69% of OMT-17 compared to the addition of Mg2+
Zn2+
-
restores activity of EDTA treated CCoAOMT to 100% the level of untreated CCoAOMT
Zn2+
-
Zn2+ results in recovery of less than 10% of OMT-15 and OMT-17 activity compared to the addition of Mg2+
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Feruloyl-CoA
-
competitive to caffeoyl-CoA, non-competitive to S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine
-
product inhibition, non-competitive to both substrates
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.003
eriodictyol
wild-type, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0225
eriodictyol
mutant D228A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.184
eriodictyol
mutant K157A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.00033
quercetagetin
wild-type, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0014
quercetagetin
mutant D228A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0098
quercetagetin
mutant N181A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.249
quercetagetin
mutant K157A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0016
eriodictyol
mutant K157A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0028
eriodictyol
mutant D228A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.1
eriodictyol
wild-type, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0021
quercetagetin
mutant N181A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0116
quercetagetin
mutant D228A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.078
quercetagetin
wild-type, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.106
quercetagetin
mutant K157A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0086
eriodictyol
mutant K157A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.123
eriodictyol
mutant D228A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
33.2
eriodictyol
wild-type, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.214
quercetagetin
mutant N181A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
0.426
quercetagetin
mutant K157A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
8.285
quercetagetin
mutant D228A, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
237
quercetagetin
wild-type, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
T-DNA null mutant indicates collapsed xylem elements under short-day conditions, lignin composition of p-hydroxyphenyl units and inability of sinapoyl malate synthesis in double mutants impaired in caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT 1) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT 1), C3 methylation of the phenolic ring of monolignols in Arabidopsis mediated by both, caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT 1) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT 1), both enzymes also involved in formation of sinapoyl malate and isorhamnetin
additional information
determination of lignin content in transgenic plants, overview
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.5
7.5
-
if CCoAOMT and cinnamoyl co-enzyme A reductase are coupled together, they can convert caffeoyl-CoA to coniferaldehyde if pH changes from 7.5 to 6.0
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
12
after cold treatment in cultivar Doongara, upregulation of caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase in anthers, accumulation of this protein does not vary greatly after cold treatment in panicles of cultivar Doongara or in the anthers of the cultivar HSC55v
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
highly expressed in the hair cells of the developing pod; low expression
additional information
-
treated with crude cell wall elicitor from Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. glycinea
-
when oeat leaves are inocculated with Puccinia coronata, the mRNA expression of AsCCoAOMT increases in both incompatible and compatible interactions but more rapidly in incompatible interaction
-
expression during the early stages of leaf maturity, expression increases at advanced stages of leaf maturity
-
maximal activity in the flowering phase, at the basal part of the stem
-
OMT-17 is expressed in stems only, OMT-15 is expressed higher in stem and roots than in other tissues
expression in all lignifying cells including vessel elements and fibers as well as in xylem ray parenchyma cells
additional information
the kenaf CCoAOMT transcript is detected in all plant tissues and organs
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
27000
28000
30000
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
additional information
additional information
isozyme CCoAOMT 1, three dimensional structure building by computational methods, overview; isozyme CCoAOMT 2, three dimensional structure building by computational methods, overview
additional information
isozyme CCoAOMT 1, three dimensional structure building by computational methods, overview; isozyme CCoAOMT 2, three dimensional structure building by computational methods, overview
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Crystallization/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
by vapor diffusion in hanging drops, at 2.45 A and 2.65 A resolution with CoA-linked substrates bound, and in complex with the reaction products; vapor diffusion in hanging drops, enzyme in complex with the reaction products S-adenosine-L-homocysteine and feruloyl/sinapoyl CoAS
-
molecular docking of 16 putative substrates (intermediates of monolignol biosynthesis pathway). Both caffeic acid-O-methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.68, and caffeoyl-coenzyme A-O-methyltransferase interact with all 16 substrates in a similar manner, with thiol esters being the most potent and binding of these putative substrates to caffeoyl-coenzyme A-O-methyltransferase being more efficient
-
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
partially purified
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography, expression of antisense enzyme in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3), removal of the His-tag
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
4 clones were expressed in Escherichia coli; expression in Escherichia coli DH5alpha
-
DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, expression of the His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tagged fusion protein; expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tagged fusion protein
expressed in Escherichia coli, pGEM-T easy vector, pCAMBIA1391xb vector, transgenic plants produced, promoter-GUS fusion constructs, T-DNA null mutant of GABI T-DNA insertion collection identified and characterized, double mutants lacking caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT 1) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT 1)
expression in Escherichia coli
expression in Escherichia coli BL21
gene CCoAOMT, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, genotyping
into the Escherichia coli expression vector pET-15b and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
-
isozyme CCoAOMT 1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis; isozyme CCoAOMT 2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis
isozyme CCoAOMT1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression profile, overview; isozyme CCoAOMT2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression profile, overview; isozyme CCoAOMT5, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression profile, overview
ligated into pET28+(a) vector and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLysS competent cells
OMT-15 and OMT-17 are expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins
-
recombinant expression in transgenic plants using the transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404
DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, expression of the His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, expression of the His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
gene CCoAOMT, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, genotyping
gene CCoAOMT, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, genotyping
-
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CCoAOMT is downregulated in susceptible tomato following infection with the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum
gene expression is strongly induced by harvesting and wounding but not by heat shock. The promoter of the hi12 gene contains several stress response cis-elements
-
stress treatments highly induces the expression of CCoAOMT transcripts in the stems of 3-week-old kenaf. Cold and H2O2-treated samples show the highest levels of expression at 6 and 24 h after treatment, respectively
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ENGINEERING
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
G46Y
mutation is sufficient for a reversal of the unusual para- back to meta-O-methylation of flavanones and dihydroflavonols
G46Y/W193F/R194M/I195K
methylation in meta-position is preferred, mutations reduce the affinity for eriodictyol due to almost no interactions of the side chains with the substrate
K157A
mutation decreases Km but not the kcat value of eriodictyol, a single, unusual product is formed, namely the yellow fluorescing quercetagetin 5-O-methyl ether
R220T
-
total loss of activity, R220 is involved in the electrostatic interaction with CoA-moiety of the substrate
E69L
-
the mutation results in about 14% loss of enzyme activity in OMT-15 and 40% loss of activity in OMT-17
T51A
the mutation confers resistance to the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, resistance in F2 population is derived from a cross between a bacterial wilt-resistant variety, T51A, and a bacterial wilt-susceptible variety, T9230
additional information
additional information
-
enzyme downregulation leads to reduced lignin quantity a modified syringyl/guaiacyl lignin monomer ratio in the non-condensed lignin fraction, together with altered xylem organization, reduced cell-wall thickness and the appearance of an irregular xylem phenotype, phentypes of two independently down-regulated lines, overview
additional information
enzyme downregulation leads to reduced lignin quantity a modified syringyl/guaiacyl lignin monomer ratio in the non-condensed lignin fraction, together with altered xylem organization, reduced cell-wall thickness and the appearance of an irregular xylem phenotype, phentypes of two independently down-regulated lines, overview
additional information
construction of transgenic COMT knockout Nicotiana tabacum plants by antisense expression of COMT from Triticum aestivum, phenotype, overview
additional information
construction of transgenic COMT knockout Nicotiana tabacum plants by antisense expression of COMT from Triticum aestivum via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfection, phenotype, overview
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
agriculture
antisense repression of the enzyme ia an efficient means for genetic engineering of trees with low lignin content
analysis
-
downregulating caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase in transgenic alfalfa lines neither reduces syringyl lignin units nor wall-bound ferulate, inconsistent with a role for this enzyme in 3-O-methylation of syringyl monolignol precursors and hydroxycinnamic acids
medicine
additional information
medicine
-
plays a role in the biosynthesis of curcuminoids, which are important pharmacologically active metabolites
medicine
-
plays a role in the biosynthesis of gingerols, which are important pharmacologically active metabolites
additional information
-
CCoAOMT is related to lignin biosynthesis, lignin level is lower in leaves of plants subjected to water deficit than in those of well-watered plants, CCoAOMT is highly correlated with caffeic acid/5-hydroxyferulic 3-O-methyltransferase
additional information
-
CCoAOMT and cinnamoyl co-enzyme A reductase are neighboring enzymes, reactions mediated by these two enzymes require different pH environments, indicating that compartmentalization is probably needed for CCoAOMT and cinnamoyl co-enzyme A reductase to function properly in vivo
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 2.1.1.104)
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