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1,2-dimethyl-4(p-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxybenzene + NADPH
1,2-dimethyl-4-amino-5-hydroxybenzene + p-carboxyphenylamine + NADP+
1-(2'-methyl-4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol + NADH + H+
4-amino-2-methyl-1-benzenesulfonic acid + NAD+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
-
r
1-(2'-methyl-4'-sulfophenylazo)2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-2-methyl-1-benzenesulfonic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(2'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
ir
1-(3'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
3-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(3'-phosphophenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
3-amino-1-benzenephosphate + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(3'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
3-amino-1-benzenesulfonic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene + NAD(P)H
4-carboxyphenylamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NADH
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
substrate is carboxy-Orange II
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NADH + H+
4-aminobenzoate + NAD+ + ?
-
i.e. carboxy-Orange II
-
-
r
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene
1-(4'-nitrophenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene + NAD(P)H
4-nitrophenylamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-phosphophenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzenephosphate + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
1-(4'-sulfonaminophenylazo-)2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzenesulfonamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
1-(4'-sulfophenyl-N-methylhydrazo)-4-naphthol + NADH + H+
?
-
i.e. carboxy-Orange I
-
-
r
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene + NAD(P)H
4-sulfophenylamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene + NAD(P)H
4-sulfophenylamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-4-anthranol + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-4-naphthol + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
1-(4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADPH
alpha-naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid + beta-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADP+
1-methyl-1-([1-[(Z)-(methyl[4-[(E)-2-[6'-[(E)-[4-[methyl([4-[(1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]methyl)amino]phenyl]diazenyl]-3-oxo-3H-spiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthen]-3'-yl]ethenyl]phenyl]iminio)methyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methyl)pyrrolidinium + FMN + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
pro-fluorophore, based on fluorescent rhodamine 110. Upon reduction of the two diazo bonds, substrate shows a green fluorescence suitable for the detection of azoreductases
-
-
?
1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene + NAD(P)H
phenylamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene + NAD(P)H
phenylamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NADPH
2 ferrocyanide + NADP+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2'-carboxy-4-N,N-dimethylazobenzene + NAD(P)H
2-carboxy-1-phenylamine + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NADP+
-
trivial name methyl red
-
?
2,2'-(1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonaphthalene-2,7-bis-azo)-bis(benzenearsonic acid) + NAD(P)H
?
-
reduced to an anion free radical by an outer membrane azoreductase
-
-
?
2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADPH + H+
?
lawsone, quinone reductase activity
-
-
?
2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+
?
menadione, vitamin K3
-
-
?
2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADPH + H+
?
menadione, quinone reductase activity
-
-
?
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid + NADH
2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid + NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine + 2-aminobenzoic acid + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
3-methyl-4-(2-chlorophenylhydrazone)-isoxazol-5-one + NAD(P)H
o-chloroaniline + ?
-
fungicide, trivial name drazoxolon, 90-80% activity with NADH
-
?
4'-diethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid + NADH + H+
?
ethyl red
-
-
?
4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid + NADH + H+
2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N'-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine + NAD+
methyl red
-
-
?
4-(4-aminophenylazo)benzenesulfonic acid + NADPH + H+
?
about 25% specific activity compared to balsalazide
-
-
?
4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-1-naphthol + NAD(P)H
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + NADPH + H+
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + NADP+
4-([4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl)benzene-1-sulfonate + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid + NADPH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylamino-aniline + NAD+
i.e. methyl red
-
-
?
4-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo]benzene sulfonic acid + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzenesulfonic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
4-[(4-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo]benzene sulfonic acid + NAD(P)H
4-amino-benzenesulfonic acid + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene + NADP+
acid Orange 7 + NAD(P)H
?
-
reduces also Acid Orange 6, 8 and 12, Acid Red 88 and 151, NADH is more effective
-
-
?
acid orange 8 + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
acid red 119 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
acid red 151 + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
acid red 88 + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
acid red 88 + NADH + H+
?
acid red 88 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
acid red 88 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
acid yellow 19 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
low activity
-
-
?
Amaranth + NADPH
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
amaranth + NADPH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
Amido black + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate + NADPH + H+
?
quinone reductase activity
-
-
?
anthraquinone-2-sulfonate + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
anthraquinone-2-sulfonate + NADPH + H+
?
quinone reductase activity
-
-
?
Atul acid black + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
balsalazide + NADPH + H+
?
100% specific activity
-
-
?
balsalazide + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
tautomeric forms of balsalazide occur in solution, reaction mechanism, overview
-
-
?
balsalzide + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
BHQ-10 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
congo red + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
Congo red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
di-sodium-(R)-benzyl-azo-2,7-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonyl-naphthaline + NADH
?
direct blue 14 + ?
o-tolidine + ?
direct blue 15 + FAD + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
highest activity in presence of both NADH and FAD
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
direct red 28 + NADH + H+
benzidine + 4-aminobiphenyl + NAD+
direct red 81 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
disperse orange 3 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
Disperse yellow + NADH
?
-
85% of the activity with Methyl red
-
-
?
Eriochrome blue black + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
ethyl red + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
ethyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
best substrate, 182% of the activity with methyl red at 30°C
-
-
ir
flame orange + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
golden yellow + NADH + H+
?
Janus green B + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
methyl orange + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NAD(P)H + H+
?
methyl red + NADH
2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
methyl red + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
methyl red + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
-
-
-
r
methyl red + NADH + H+
N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine and 2-aminobenzoic acid + NAD+
A0A4V6LLF0
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
o-aminobenzoic acid + N,N'-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine + NAD+
-
-
-
ir
methyl red + NADPH + H+
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
Mordant black 9 + NADH
?
-
38% of activity
-
-
?
mordant blue 13 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
Mordant brown 96 + NADH
?
-
28% of activity
-
-
?
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
NADPH + 9,10-phenanthrenequinone
NADP+ + 9,10-phenanthrenequinol
-
-
-
?
NADPH + H+ + 1,4-benzoquinone
NADP+ + 1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
?
NADPH + H+ + 1,4-naphthoquinone
NADP+ + 1,4-naphthoquinol
-
-
-
?
NADPH + H+ + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
NADP+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
?
NADPH + oxidized cytochrome c
NADP+ + reduced cytochrome c
-
in the presence of menadione as electron carrier
-
?
naphthalene fast orange 2G + ?
?
naphthol blue black + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
78% conversion, analysis by UV-visible and FITR spectroscopy, HPLC, and GC-MS
-
-
?
Navitan fast blue S5R + NADH
metanilic acid + 1,4-diamino naphtalene + peri acid + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
new cossin + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
nitrofurazone + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
o-methyl red + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
olsalazine + NADPH + H+
?
less than 10% specific activity compared to balsalazide
-
-
?
olsalazine + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
orange I + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
orange I + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
ir
Orange I + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
orange II + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
orange II + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
orange II + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
orange II + NADH + H+
sulfanilic acid + 1-amino-2-naphthol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
Orange II + NADPH
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
oxidized methyl red + NADH + H+
reduced methyl red + NAD+
p-aminoazobenzene + ?
aniline + p-phenylenediamine + ?
-
-
-
-
?
p-methyl red + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
Ponceau BS + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
Ponceau BS + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau BS + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
Ponceau BS + NADPH
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
Ponceau S + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
Ponceau S + NADPH
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
Ponceaux SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
reactive black 5 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
reactive black B5 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
reactive blue 222 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
reactive blue 3R + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive orange 122 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive red 195 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive violet 5 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
reactive violet 5 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
reactive violet 5R + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive yellow 186 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
low activity
-
-
?
Red dye II + NADH
?
-
-
-
?
Red dye III + NADH
?
-
-
-
?
remazol orange + NADH + H+
?
remazol red + NADH + H+
?
remazol yellow + NADH + H+
?
Rocceline + NADPH
?
-
-
-
-
?
sulfasalazine + NADPH + H+
?
about 20% specific activity compared to balsalazide
-
-
?
sulfasalazine + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
Sumifix Black B + NADPH
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow FCF + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
Tropaeolin + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
Trypan blue + NADH
?
-
50% of the activity with Methyl red
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
1,2-dimethyl-4(p-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxybenzene + NADPH

1,2-dimethyl-4-amino-5-hydroxybenzene + p-carboxyphenylamine + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1,2-dimethyl-4(p-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxybenzene + NADPH
1,2-dimethyl-4-amino-5-hydroxybenzene + p-carboxyphenylamine + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1,2-dimethyl-4(p-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxybenzene + NADPH
1,2-dimethyl-4-amino-5-hydroxybenzene + p-carboxyphenylamine + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1,2-dimethyl-4(p-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxybenzene + NADPH
1,2-dimethyl-4-amino-5-hydroxybenzene + p-carboxyphenylamine + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1,2-dimethyl-4(p-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxybenzene + NADPH
1,2-dimethyl-4-amino-5-hydroxybenzene + p-carboxyphenylamine + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H

4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate is carboxy-Orange II
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate is carboxy-Orange II
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate can be utilized as sole carbon and energy source
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate is carboxy-Orange II
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate can be utilized as sole carbon and energy source
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate is carboxy-Orange II
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol + NAD(P)H

4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate can be utilized as sole carbon and energy source
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate is carboxy-Orange I
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate can be utilized as sole carbon and energy source
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene
substrate is carboxy-Orange I
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzoic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-phosphophenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H

4-amino-1-benzenephosphate + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-phosphophenylazo)-2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzenephosphate + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-sulfonaminophenylazo-)2-naphthol + NAD(P)H

4-amino-1-benzenesulfonamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4'-sulfonaminophenylazo-)2-naphthol + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzenesulfonamine + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
-
-
?
1-(4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADPH

alpha-naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid + beta-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1-(4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADPH
alpha-naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid + beta-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1-(4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADPH
alpha-naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid + beta-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADP+
-
activity in liver microsomes, reduces also the dyes Red 2G, Red 10B, Carmoisine and Ponceau 4R
-
?
1-(4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADPH
alpha-naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid + beta-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid + NADP+
-
trivial name amaranth, activity in liver microsomes
-
?
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid + NADH

2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
-
substrate is Methyl red
-
-
?
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid + NADH
2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
substrate is Methyl red
-
-
?
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid + NADH
2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
substrate is Methyl red
-
-
?
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid + NADH
2-aminobenzoic acid + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + NAD+
-
substrate is Methyl red
-
-
?
4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-1-naphthol + NAD(P)H

?
substrate is Magneson II, 13% of the activity with carboxy-Orange I
-
-
?
4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-1-naphthol + NAD(P)H
?
substrate is Magneson II, 13% of the activity with carboxy-Orange I
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH

N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
Orange I azoreductase: absolute requirement for a hydroxyl group in 4'-position of the naphthol ring of the substrate molecule
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
Orange II azoreductase: requirement for substrates with a 2-naphthol moiety
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
Orange II azoreductase: requirement for substrates with a 2-naphthol moiety
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
key enzyme of azo dye degradation, selective agent during experimental evolution in continuous cultures
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
Orange I azoreductase: absolute requirement for a hydroxyl group in 4'-position of the naphthol ring of the substrate molecule
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
Orange II azoreductase: requirement for substrates with a 2-naphthol moiety
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
key enzyme of azo dye degradation, selective agent during experimental evolution in continuous cultures
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
Orange II azoreductase: requirement for substrates with a 2-naphthol moiety
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
specific for reduction of methyl red
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
electron transport protein
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+ + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + NADPH + H+

N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + NADPH + H+
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
4-([4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl)benzene-1-sulfonate + NADPH + H+

? + NADP+
-
i.e. methyl orange
-
-
?
4-([4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl)benzene-1-sulfonate + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
i.e. methyl orange
-
-
?
4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid + NADH + H+

anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
i.e. methyl red
-
-
?
4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
-
i.e. methyl red
-
-
?
4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
-
i.e. methyl red
-
-
?
4-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo]benzene sulfonic acid + NAD(P)H

4-amino-1-benzenesulfonic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
NADH is more effective
-
?
4-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo]benzene sulfonic acid + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzenesulfonic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
trivial name Orange II
-
?
4-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo]benzene sulfonic acid + NAD(P)H
4-amino-1-benzenesulfonic acid + NAD(P)+ + 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene
-
trivial name Orange II
-
?
4-[(4-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo]benzene sulfonic acid + NAD(P)H

4-amino-benzenesulfonic acid + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene + NADP+
-
trivial name Orange I
-
?
4-[(4-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo]benzene sulfonic acid + NAD(P)H
4-amino-benzenesulfonic acid + 1-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene + NADP+
-
trivial name Orange I
-
?
Acid orange 5 + NADH

?
-
36% of activity
-
-
?
Acid orange 5 + NADH
?
-
36% of activity
-
-
?
acid red 119 + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
acid red 119 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
acid red 88 + NADH + H+

?
-
-
-
?
acid red 88 + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
acid red 88 + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
acid red 88 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
acid red 88 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
10% of hte activity with methyl red at 30°C
-
-
ir
Acid red G + NADH

?
-
-
-
?
Acid red G + NADH
?
-
-
-
?
amaranth + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
Amaranth + NADH

?
-
-
-
-
?
Amaranth + NADH
?
-
35% of the activity with Methyl red
-
-
?
Amaranth + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
Congo red + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
Congo red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
Congo red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
ir
Congo red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
Congo red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
di-sodium-(R)-benzyl-azo-2,7-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonyl-naphthaline + NADH

?
-
-
-
-
?
di-sodium-(R)-benzyl-azo-2,7-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonyl-naphthaline + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 14 + ?

o-tolidine + ?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 14 + ?
o-tolidine + ?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 14 + ?
o-tolidine + ?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 14 + ?
o-tolidine + ?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 14 + ?
o-tolidine + ?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H

3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NAD(P)H
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine + 1-hydroxy-2,8-diamino-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
direct blue 15 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
Direct blue 71 + NADH

?
-
75% of activity
-
-
?
Direct blue 71 + NADH
?
-
75% of activity
-
-
?
direct red 28 + NADH + H+

benzidine + 4-aminobiphenyl + NAD+
-
-
-
?
direct red 28 + NADH + H+
benzidine + 4-aminobiphenyl + NAD+
-
-
-
?
fast yellow + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
fast yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
golden yellow + NADH + H+

?
-
-
-
-
?
golden yellow + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
Methyl orange + NADH

?
-
-
-
?
Methyl orange + NADH
?
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
methyl orange + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NAD(P)H + H+

?
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NAD(P)H + H+
?
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+

?
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
?
the enzyme exhibits lower activity with NADH compared to NADPH
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
r
methyl red + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+

anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
i.e. 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
i.e. 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
i.e. 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid
-
-
?
methyl red + NADH + H+
anthranilate + N,N'-dimethylaminoaniline + NAD+
i.e. 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2'-carboxylic acid
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+

?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
?
about 50% specific activity compared to balsalazide
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+

? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
methyl red + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
-
-
?
mordant blue 13 + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
mordant blue 13 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+

4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + aniline + 2 NADP+
4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
naphthalene fast orange 2G + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
naphthalene fast orange 2G + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
neoprontosil + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
neoprontosil + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
new coccine + NADPH

?
-
-
-
-
?
new coccine + NADPH
?
-
-
-
-
?
Orange G + NADH

?
-
-
-
-
?
Orange G + NADH
?
-
30% of the activity with Methyl red
-
-
?
Orange G + NADH
?
-
-
-
-
?
Orange I + NADH

?
both NADH and NADPH can be used as an electron donor for its activity with 4-(4-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)benzenesulfonic acid (Orange I) as substrate
-
-
?
Orange I + NADH
?
both NADH and NADPH can be used as an electron donor for its activity with 4-(4-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)benzenesulfonic acid (Orange I) as substrate
-
-
?
Orange I + NADPH

?
both NADH and NADPH can be used as an electron donor for its activity with 4-(4-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)benzenesulfonic acid (Orange I) as substrate
-
-
?
Orange I + NADPH
?
both NADH and NADPH can be used as an electron donor for its activity with 4-(4-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)benzenesulfonic acid (Orange I) as substrate
-
-
?
orange II + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
orange II + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
orange II + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
orange II + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
orange II + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
orange II + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
orange II + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
A0A4V6LLF0
-
-
-
?
orange II + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
oxidized methyl red + NADH + H+

reduced methyl red + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
oxidized methyl red + NADH + H+
reduced methyl red + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau BS + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
A0A4V6LLF0
-
-
-
?
ponceau BS + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H

?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
ponceau SX + NAD(P)H
?
-
-
-
-
?
reactive black 5 + NADPH + H+

? + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive black 5 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+
-
best substrate
-
-
?
reactive black B5 + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive black B5 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive blue 222 + NADH + H+

? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
reactive blue 222 + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
Red dye I + NADH

?
-
-
-
?
Red dye I + NADH
?
-
-
-
?
red RB + NADH + H+

?
-
-
-
-
?
red RB + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
remazol orange + NADH + H+

?
-
-
-
-
?
remazol orange + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
remazol red + NADH + H+

?
-
-
-
-
?
remazol red + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
remazol yellow + NADH + H+

?
-
-
-
-
?
remazol yellow + NADH + H+
?
-
-
-
-
?
Solar Orange + NADPH

?
-
-
-
-
?
Solar Orange + NADPH
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
sunset yellow + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?

?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
tartrazine + ?
?
-
-
-
-
?
additional information

?
-
-
Basic violet 3, Basic Red 9, Acid Blue 74, Acid blue 225, and Disperse red 86 are not metabolized
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
several derivatives of di-sodium-(R)-benzyl-azo-2,7-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonyl-naphthaline tested as substrates are found to be metabolized
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Basic violet 3, Basic Red 9, Acid Blue 74, Acid blue 225, and Disperse red 86 are not metabolized
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
several derivatives of di-sodium-(R)-benzyl-azo-2,7-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonyl-naphthaline tested as substrates are found to be metabolized
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme AzrC interacts with azo dyes orange G, acid red 88, Sudan I, orange I, and methyl red. The hydrophobic azo dyes like acid red 88 binds more tightly to the AzrC protein
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in general, the substrates of azoreductases do not make many specific hydrophilic interactions, which explains the ability of the active site to accommodate a range of hydrophobic substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in general, the substrates of azoreductases do not make many specific hydrophilic interactions, which explains the ability of the active site to accommodate a range of hydrophobic substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
important for the conversion of azo dyes in the gastrointestinal tract
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in general, the substrates of azoreductases do not make many specific hydrophilic interactions, which explains the ability of the active site to accommodate a range of hydrophobic substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme can also catalyze the nitroreduction of 7-nitrocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid in a FMN-dependent manner
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme can also catalyze the nitroreduction of 7-nitrocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid in a FMN-dependent manner
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates: ponceau S, tartrazine, amaranth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no substrates: ponceau S, tartrazine, amaranth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates: ponceau S, tartrazine, amaranth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme from strain L2 decolorizes a wide spectrum of azo dyes with a constantly high activity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme from strain L2 decolorizes a wide spectrum of azo dyes with a constantly high activity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme additionally shows quinone reductase activity. When NAD(P)H is used as an electron donor, the purified enzyme can reduce menadione effectively with a quinone reductase activity of approximately 3.4 U ml-1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in general, the substrates of azoreductases do not make many specific hydrophilic interactions, which explains the ability of the active site to accommodate a range of hydrophobic substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme additionally shows quinone reductase activity. When NAD(P)H is used as an electron donor, the purified enzyme can reduce menadione effectively with a quinone reductase activity of approximately 3.4 U ml-1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in general, the substrates of azoreductases do not make many specific hydrophilic interactions, which explains the ability of the active site to accommodate a range of hydrophobic substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Methyl Red, Amaranth, Ponceau BS, Ponceau S, Orange II, Orange G, Megneson II, 1-(4-nitrophenylazo)-2-naphthol, and 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-resorcinol are not reduced by AzoB
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Methyl Red, Amaranth, Ponceau BS, Ponceau S, Orange II, Orange G, Megneson II, 1-(4-nitrophenylazo)-2-naphthol, and 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-resorcinol are not reduced by AzoB
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with Amaranth, Tropaeolin, Orange II, Ponceau S, Ponceau BS, and Orange G
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with Amaranth, Tropaeolin, Orange II, Ponceau S, Ponceau BS, and Orange G
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrate: azobenzene
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in general, the substrates of azoreductases do not make many specific hydrophilic interactions, which explains the ability of the active site to accommodate a range of hydrophobic substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in general, the substrates of azoreductases do not make many specific hydrophilic interactions, which explains the ability of the active site to accommodate a range of hydrophobic substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the bifunctional enzyme shows activity with quinone substrates, anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid, 1,4-benzoquinone, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (catechol), 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Lawsone), and 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate, and NADPH as cofactor, cf. EC 1.6.5.10
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
generation of a coupled enzyme system constructed with azoreductase and glucose 1-dehydrogenase for removal of methyl red, method evaluation, overview. Artificial neural network modelling of the integrated enzyme system
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
generation of a coupled enzyme system constructed with azoreductase and glucose 1-dehydrogenase for removal of methyl red, method evaluation, overview. Artificial neural network modelling of the integrated enzyme system
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
wide substrate specificity of the enzyme. No activity with reactive blue 4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate specificity: the catalytic efficiency of AzrS follows the descending order of methyl red, methyl orange, and congo red. The enzyme has a wide substrate range of azo dyes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate specificity: the catalytic efficiency of AzrS follows the descending order of methyl red, methyl orange, and congo red. The enzyme has a wide substrate range of azo dyes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
does not react with NADH as electron donor
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ammoniumazo-1, citrus yellow, orange G, Ponceau BS, and ruby red are inert to reduction with BTI1
-
-
?
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0.12
1,2-dimethyl-4-(p-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxy-benzene
-
-
0.0013
1-(2'-methyl-4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.0137
1-(2'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.0015
1-(3'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.0105
1-(3'-phosphophenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.0018
1-(3'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.013
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene
-
-
0.0198
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
0.008
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.0024
1-(4'-carboxyphenylazo)-4-naphthol
-
-
0.0018
1-(4'-nitrophenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
0.0052
1-(4'-phosphophenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.0148
1-(4'-sulfoaminophenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.04
1-(4'-sulfophenyl-N-methylhydrazo)-4-naphthol
-
-
0.0132
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene
-
-
0.017
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
0.001
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol
-
-
0.204
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-4-anthranol
-
-
0.0026
1-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-4-naphthol
-
-
0.0014
1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene
-
-
0.0009
1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-6-sulfonaphthalene
-
-
0.0346 - 0.0873
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
1.704
2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone
-
0.0162
2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
0.024 - 0.42
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid
0.0102 - 0.101
4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid
0.0146
9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2,6-disulfonic acid
-
0.0081
9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-sulfonic acid
-
0.001
acid Orange 7
-
after induction with Acid Orange 7
0.093 - 0.45
Acid Orange 8
0.004
Acid Red 151
-
after induction with Acid Orange 7
0.003 - 0.009
acid Red 88
0.0161
anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate
-
0.0133
anthraquinone-2-sulfonate
-
0.0986 - 0.1029
balsalazide
0.059
BHQ-10
pH not specified in the publication, 22°C
0.2792
Congo red
recombinant enzyme, pH 6.5, 22°C
0.005
Direct blue 15
-
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.00018
FAD
-
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.51
flame orange
pH not specified in the publication, 22°C
0.1056 - 0.3
Methyl orange
0.00053 - 1.21
Methyl red
0.04
naphthol blue black
-
pH 7.0, 30°C
0.063
Navitan fast blue S5R
-
pH 7.0, room temperature
0.0097
o-methyl red
pH not specified in the publication, 22°C
0.1006 - 0.867
p-methyl red
0.22 - 1.118
sulfasalazine
additional information
additional information
-
0.0346
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone

-
0.0873
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
0.024
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid

-
pH 7.1, 23°C
0.029
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid
-
pH 7.0, 25°C
0.057
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid
-
in 25 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.1), 0.25 mM 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid and 0.1 mM NADPH
0.28
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid
GST-fusion protein, pH 8.0, 40°C
0.42
2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid
native protein, pH 8.0, 40°C
0.0102
4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid

mutant Y120A
0.0419
4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid
wild-type enzyme
0.0849
4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid
mutant R59A
0.101
4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid
mutant F162A
0.093
Acid Orange 8

-
after induction with Acid Orange 7
0.003
acid Red 88

-
after induction with Acid Orange 7
0.0986
balsalazide

wild type enzyme, using NADPH as cosubstrate, in 20 mM TrisâHCl pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.1029
balsalazide
mutant enzyme Y131F, using NADPH as cosubstrate, in 20 mM TrisâHCl pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.055
balsalzide

-
isoform AzoR2, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.34
balsalzide
-
isoform AzoR3, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
2.447
balsalzide
-
isoform AzoR1, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.1056
Methyl orange

recombinant enzyme, pH 6.5, 22°C
0.3
Methyl orange
pH not specified in the publication, 22°C
0.00053
Methyl red

mutant R66A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.002
Methyl red
-
cofactor roseoflavin mononucleotide, pH 7.4, 30°C
0.0028
Methyl red
cosubstrate NADPH, pH 6.5, 25°C
0.00476
Methyl red
recombinant chimeric fusion protein AZR-GDH, pH 7.0, 40°C
0.0082
Methyl red
mutant N121A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.00916
Methyl red
recombinant wild-type AZR, pH 7.0, 40°C
0.0092
Methyl red
cosubstrate NADH, pH 6.5, 25°C
0.011
Methyl red
-
in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.0 at 25°C
0.0112
Methyl red
mutant N106A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.0126
Methyl red
mutant R21G, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.0164
Methyl red
pH 7.0, 25°C
0.0167
Methyl red
mutant R18G, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.024
Methyl red
wild-type, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.0247
Methyl red
-
mutant W105F
0.0251
Methyl red
-
mutant W105H
0.0254
Methyl red
-
wild-type enzyme
0.027
Methyl red
-
cofactor FMN, pH 7.4, 30°C
0.0276
Methyl red
-
mutant W105Y
0.0282
Methyl red
-
mutant W105Q
0.0288
Methyl red
mutant L59G, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.0335
Methyl red
mutant W62A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.0445
Methyl red
mutant enzyme Y131F, using NADPH as cosubstrate, in 20 mM TrisâHCl pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0485
Methyl red
mutant A123F, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.05
Methyl red
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.05
Methyl red
NADH-dependent, mutant K109H
0.06
Methyl red
NADH-dependent, wild-type enzyme
0.0927
Methyl red
wild type enzyme, using NADPH as cosubstrate, in 20 mM TrisâHCl pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.109
Methyl red
mutant V122Y, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.15
Methyl red
NADH-dependent, mutant K109A
0.1593
Methyl red
recombinant enzyme, pH 6.5, 22°C
0.26
Methyl red
-
isoform AzoR1, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.27
Methyl red
wild-type enzyme
0.27
Methyl red
mutant K109H
0.3
Methyl red
-
isoform AzoR2, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.66
Methyl red
mutant K109A
0.8
Methyl red
mutant H75N
0.983
Methyl red
-
isoform AzoR3, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
1.21
Methyl red
mutant Y74W
0.003
NADH

mutant W62A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.0081
NADH
-
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0086
NADH
pH 6.8, 45°C
0.059
NADH
-
pH 7.0, 25°C
0.0706
NADH
wild-type enzyme
0.082
NADH
-
in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.0 at 25°C
0.09
NADH
-
pH 7.0, 30°C
0.14
NADH
-
pH 7.1, 23°C
0.143
NADH
wild-type, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.158
NADH
-
wild-type enzyme
0.166
NADH
-
mutant W105Y
0.169
NADH
-
mutant W105Q
0.171
NADH
-
mutant W105H
0.175
NADH
-
mutant W105F
0.18
NADH
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.25
NADH
mutant E16G, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.26
NADH
-
cofactor FMN, pH 7.4, 30°C
0.269
NADH
-
cofactor roseoflavin mononucleotide, pH 7.4, 30°C
0.292
NADH
mutant N121A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.298
NADH
-
isoform AzoR1, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.38
NADH
wild-type enzyme
0.38
NADH
mutant R21G, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.405
NADH
mutant V122Y, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.411
NADH
mutant A123F, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.525
NADH
-
isoform AzoR1, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.538
NADH
wild type enzyme, using methyl red as cosubstrate, in 20 mM TrisâHCl pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.581
NADH
mutant R66A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.624
NADH
mutant R18G, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.793
NADH
mutant N106A, pH 7.0, 22°C
0.965
NADH
mutant enzyme Y131F, using methyl red as cosubstrate, in 20 mM TrisâHCl pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
2.1
NADH
GST-fusion protein, pH 8.0, 40°C
2.298
NADH
mutant L59G, pH 7.0, 22°C
2.3
NADH
native protein, pH 8.0, 40°C
4.35
NADH
-
pH 7.0, room temperature
0.001
NADPH

pH 6.8, 45°C
0.05
NADPH
NADPH-dependent, mutant Y74W
0.06
NADPH
NADPH-dependent, wild-type enzyme
0.074
NADPH
-
in 25 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.1), 0.25 mM azo dye and 0.1 mM NADPH
0.09
NADPH
wild-type enzyme
0.2
NADPH
NADPH-dependent, mutant K109H