Information on EC 1.4.99.5 - glycine dehydrogenase (cyanide-forming)

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The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms

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EC NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
1.4.99.5
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
glycine dehydrogenase (cyanide-forming)
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
glycine + 2 A = hydrogen cyanide + CO2 + 2 AH2
show the reaction diagram
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
Cyanoamino acid metabolism
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Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
glycine:acceptor oxidoreductase (hydrogen-cyanide-forming)
The enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. contains FAD. The enzyme is membrane-bound, and the 2-electron acceptor is a component of the respiratory chain. The enzyme can act with various artificial electron acceptors, including phenazine methosulfate.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
210488-48-5
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
HcnA and HcnB, and HcnC
C7E715 and C7E716 and C7E717
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
produces HCN as free-living bacterium
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
glycine + 2,2'-di-(p-nitrophenyl-5,5')-(diphenyl)-3,3'-(3,3'-dimethoxy-4,4'-diphenylene) ditetrazolium chloride
HCN + ?
show the reaction diagram
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NBT
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?
glycine + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
HCN + CO2 + ?
show the reaction diagram
glycine + 2-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-tetrazolium chloride
HCN + CO2 + ?
show the reaction diagram
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INT
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glycine + FAD
HCN + CO2 + FADH2
show the reaction diagram
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glycine is decarboxylated to HCN by the enzyme HCN synthase, the product of the hcnABC synthase gene cluster
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?
glycine + O2
HCN + CO2 + 2 H2O
show the reaction diagram
glycine + O2
HCN + CO2 + H2O
show the reaction diagram
glycine + phenazine methosulfate
HCN + CO2 + ?
show the reaction diagram
glycine + potassium ferricyanide
HCN + CO2 + ?
show the reaction diagram
glycine + pyocyanine
HCN + ?
show the reaction diagram
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?
additional information
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
glycine + FAD
HCN + CO2 + FADH2
show the reaction diagram
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glycine is decarboxylated to HCN by the enzyme HCN synthase, the product of the hcnABC synthase gene cluster
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?
glycine + O2
HCN + CO2 + 2 H2O
show the reaction diagram
additional information
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cyanide produced by the enzyme is involved in virulence of the organism. Drosophila melanogaster exposed to cyanogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains have high cyanide and low ATP concentrations in body extracts, and treatment with a cyanide antidote equalized survival of flies injected with cyanogenic and noncyanogenic strains. Strain PAO1 with a mutation in the hydrogen cyanide synthase gene cluster is much less toxic to flies than the parental cyanogenic strain or 2 knock-in strains, overview
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Fe2+
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iron regulation of the hcnABC genes encoding hydrogen cyanide synthase, iron limitation has negative effect on hcn expression
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Chloramphenicol
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pyrrolnitrin
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strongly inhibits cyanide formation in vitro
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
FAD
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stimulates the reaction
pyocyanin
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secondary metabolite, supports HCS mediated cyanide production
additional information
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
37
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in vivo assay at
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
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GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
extremely unstable
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OXIDATION STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
extremely unstable, oxygen inactivation, protected from inactivation by anaerobic conditions
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392032
synthesis of HCN is repressed under highly aerobic conditions, cyanogenic enzyme system is rapidly inactivated, both in vivo and in vitro, in the presence of oxygen
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392033
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
partially
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
hcnABC gene cluster encoding hydrogen cyanide synthase, heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli
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Show AA Sequence (587 entries)
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.4.99.5)
ExplorEnz
ExPASy
KEGG
MetaCyc
SABIO-RK
NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature
PROSITE Database of protein families and domains
InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)