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Information on EC 1.20.4.2 - methylarsonate reductase
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1.20.4.2 methylarsonate reductaseIUBMB Comments
The product, methylarsonite, is biologically methylated by EC 2.1.1.137, arsenite methyltransferase, to form cacodylic acid.
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The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
GSTO1, GSTO2, MMA(V) reductase, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA V) reductase/hGSTO1, More, reductase, methylarsonate, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
MMA(V) reductase
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reductase, methylarsonate
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additional information
identical to omega class glutathione-S-transferase (hGSTO1-1)
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
methylarsonate + 2 glutathione = methylarsonite + glutathione disulfide + H2O
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
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redox reaction
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reduction
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-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
MetaCyc
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
gluthathione:methylarsonate oxidoreductase
The product, methylarsonite, is biologically methylated by EC 2.1.1.137, arsenite methyltransferase, to form cacodylic acid.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
254889-62-8
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
methylarsonate + glutathione
methylarsonite + oxidized glutathione
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rate-limiting enzyme in biotransformation of inorganic arsenite in rabbit liver
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?
methylarsonate + glutathione
methylarsonite + glutathione disulfide
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?
methylarsonate + glutathione
methylarsonite + glutathione disulfide
involved in biotransformation of arsenate
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?
methylarsonate + glutathione
methylarsonite + glutathione disulfide
rate limiting enzyme of inorganic arsenic metabolism
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?
monomethylarsonate + glutathione
monomethylarsonous acid + oxidized glutathione
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-
-
-
?
monomethylarsonate + glutathione
monomethylarsonous acid + oxidized glutathione
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-
?
monomethylarsonate + glutathione
monomethylarsonous acid + oxidized glutathione
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-
?
monomethylarsonate + glutathione
monomethylarsonous acid + oxidized glutathione
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-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
methylarsonate + glutathione
methylarsonite + oxidized glutathione
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rate-limiting enzyme in biotransformation of inorganic arsenite in rabbit liver
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-
?
methylarsonate + glutathione
methylarsonite + glutathione disulfide
involved in biotransformation of arsenate
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-
?
methylarsonate + glutathione
methylarsonite + glutathione disulfide
rate limiting enzyme of inorganic arsenic metabolism
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-
?
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
isoforms GSTO1, GSTO2 and their natural polymorphisms. Enzyme has additionally thioltransferase, dehydroascorbate reductase and dimethylarsonate reductase activities
UniProt
brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Show AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices (1030 entries)
Please use the AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices Search for a specific query.
Please use the AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices Search for a specific query.
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
A140D
isoform GSTO2, natural polymorphism, no significant alteration in monomethylarsonate reductase activity
DELTAE155
isoform GSTO2, natural polymorphism, 90% increase in monomethylarsonate reductase activity
DELTAE155/E208K
isoform GSTO2, natural polymorphism, 100% increase in monomethylarsonate reductase activity, decrease in heat stability
E208K
isoform GSTO2, natural polymorphism, slight increase in monomethylarsonate reductase activity, decrease in heat stability
N142D
isoform GSTO2, natural polymorphism, no significant alteration in monomethylarsonate reductase activity
additional information
additional information
naturally occurring mutations S86C, A140D, E155del, A236V, and E208K significantly decrease enzyme activity
additional information
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naturally occurring mutations S86C, A140D, E155del, A236V, and E208K significantly decrease enzyme activity
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
60
wild-type, 30 min, 60% residual activity. GSTO1 mutant E208K, 30 min, 80% residual activity, GSTO1 mutant DELTAE155/E208K, 30 min, no residual activity
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
partial
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Zakharyan, R.A.; Aposhian, H.V.
Enzymatic reduction of arsenic compounds in mammalian systems: the rate-limiting enzyme of rabbit liver arsenic biotransformation is MMA(V) reductase
Chem. Res. Toxicol.
12
1278-1283
1999
Oryctolagus cuniculus, Homo sapiens
brenda
Sampayo-Reyes, A.; Zakharyan, R.A.; Healy, S.M.; Aposhian, H.V.
Monomethylarsonic acid reductase and monomethylarsonous acid in hamster tissue
Chem. Res. Toxicol.
13
1181-1186
2000
Mesocricetus auratus
brenda
Zakharyan, R.A.; Sampayo-Reyes, A.; Healy, S.M.; Tsaprailis, G.; Board, P.G.; Liebler, D.C.; Aposhian, H.V.
Human monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)) reductase is a member of the glutathione-S-transferase superfamily
Chem. Res. Toxicol.
14
1051-1057
2001
Homo sapiens (P78417), Homo sapiens
brenda
Marnell, L.L.; Garcia-Vargas, G.G.; Chowdhury, U.K.; Zakharyan, R.A.; Walsh, B.; Avram, M.D.; Kopplin, M.J.; Cebrian, M.E.; Silbergeld, E.K.; Aposhian, H.V.
Polymorphisms in the human monomethylarsonic acid (MMA V) reductase/hGSTO1 gene and changes in urinary arsenic profiles
Chem. Res. Toxicol.
16
1507-1513
2003
Homo sapiens (P78417), Homo sapiens
brenda
Schmuck, E.M.; Board, P.G.; Whitbread, A.K.; Tetlow, N.; Cavanaugh, J.A.; Blackburn, A.C.; Masoumi, A.
Characterization of the monomethylarsonate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities of Omega class glutathione transferase variants: implications for arsenic metabolism and the age-at-onset of Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases
Pharmacogenet. Genomics
15
493-501
2005
Homo sapiens (P78417), Homo sapiens
brenda
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