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Information on EC 1.2.99.7 - aldehyde dehydrogenase (FAD-independent)
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EC Tree
1.2.99.7 aldehyde dehydrogenase (FAD-independent)IUBMB Comments
Belongs to the xanthine oxidase family of enzymes. The enzyme from Desulfovibrio sp. contains a molybdenum-molybdopterin-cytosine dinucleotide (MCD) complex and two types of [2Fe-2S] cluster per monomer, but does not contain FAD.
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
dgaor, aordd, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
aldehyde oxidase
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-
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-
aldehyde oxidoreductase
AOR
AORDd
-
-
-
-
BV-AIDH
MOP
aldehyde oxidoreductase
-
-
-
-
AOR
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 1349
-
-
-
AOR
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 13491
-
-
-
BV-AIDH
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas NCIMB 9332
-
-
-
MOP
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
an aldehyde + H2O + acceptor = a carboxylate + reduced acceptor
Belongs to the xanthine oxidase family of enzymes. The enzyme from Desulfovibrio sp. contains a molybdenum-molybdopterin-cytosine dinucleotide (MCD) complex and two types of [2Fe-2S] cluster per monomer, but does not contain FAD
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-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
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redox reaction
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reduction
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-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
aldehyde:acceptor oxidoreductase (FAD-independent)
Belongs to the xanthine oxidase family of enzymes. The enzyme from Desulfovibrio sp. contains a molybdenum-molybdopterin-cytosine dinucleotide (MCD) complex and two types of [2Fe-2S] cluster per monomer, but does not contain FAD.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9029-07-6
cf. EC 1.2.3.1
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
2-hydroxybenzaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
2-hydroxybenzylic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
-
-
-
?
2-nitrobenzaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
2-nitrobenzylic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
-
-
-
?
2-phenylacetaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
2-phenylacetate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
3-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carbaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
3-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
3-hydroxybenzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
3-hydroxybenzylic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
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-
-
?
3-nitrobenzaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
3-nitrobenzylic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
-
-
-
?
3-phenylpropanal + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
3-phenylpropanoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
3-pyridinecarboxylate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
159% of activity with acetaldehyde
-
-
?
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
4-hydroxybenzylic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
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-
-
?
4-nitrobenzaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
4-nitrobenzoic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
-
-
-
?
acetaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
acetate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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?
acetaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
acetate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
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?
acetaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
acetate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
natural electron aceptor not yet known, the artificial electron acceptors benzylviologen, methylviologen, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl) and 2,6-dichlorphenol-indophenol have relative activities of 100%, 19%, 5%, and 1.3%, respectively
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-
?
acetaldehyde + H2O + electron acceptor
acetate + reduced acceptor
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
-
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?
benzaldehyde + 2 ferricyanide + H2O
benzoate + 2 ferrocyanide + 2 H+
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
156% of activity with 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
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-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
benzaldehyde + H2O + cytochrome c
benzoate + reduced cytochrome c
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
from horse heart, 25% of activity with 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + cytochrome c3
benzoate + reduced cytochrome c3
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
from, Desulfovibrio gigas, 20% of activity with 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
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-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + electron acceptor
benzoate + reduced electron acceptor
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
-
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?
benzaldehyde + H2O + methylene blue
benzoate + reduced methylene blue
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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156% of activity with 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
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-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
benzylic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
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-
-
?
butyraldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
butanoate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
93% of activity with acetaldehyde
-
-
?
cinnamaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
cinnamate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
cinnamaldehyde + H2O + phenyazine methosulfate
cinnamic acid + reduced phenyazine methosulfate
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
-
-
-
?
formaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
formate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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16% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
furfural + H2O + benzylviologen
furfurate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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77% of activity with acetaldehyde
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?
furfuraldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
furfurate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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27% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
glutaraldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
glutarate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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20% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
glycoaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
glycolate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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23% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
hexanal + H2O + benzylviologen
hexanoate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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6% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
octanal + H2O + benzylviologen
octanoate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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93% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
p-anisaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
p-anisic acid + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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5% of activity with acetaldehyde
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?
pentanal + H2O + benzylviologen
pentanoate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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9% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
phenylacetate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
31% of activity with acetaldehyde
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?
propionaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
propionate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
-
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?
propionaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
propionate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
-
-
?
propionaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
propionate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
117% of activity with acetaldehyde
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-
?
salicylaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
salicylate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
salicylaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
salicylate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
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-
-
-
?
salicylaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
salicylate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
14% of activity with acetaldehyde
-
-
?
acetaldehyde + H2O + acceptor
acetate + reduced acceptor
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
aldehyde oxidoreductase does not react with O2
-
-
?
acetaldehyde + H2O + electron acceptor
acetate + reduced electron acceptor
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
-
?
acetaldehyde + H2O + electron acceptor
acetate + reduced electron acceptor
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
DgAOR probably reduces aldehydes to alcohols
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-
?
aldehyde + H2O + acceptor
carboxylate + reduced acceptor
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis
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-
-
-
?
aldehyde + H2O + acceptor
carboxylate + reduced acceptor
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 1349
-
-
-
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?
aldehyde + H2O + acceptor
carboxylate + reduced acceptor
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 13491
-
-
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?
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 1349
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
benzoate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 13491
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
benzoate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
16% of activity with acetaldehyde
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + H2O + benzylviologen
benzoate + reduced benzylviologen
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
93% of activity with acetaldehyde
-
-
?
salicylaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
salicylate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
-
?
salicylaldehyde + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
salicylate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
the enzyme also catalyzes the nitrite reduction with nitric oxide formation in an enzyme-, aldehyde- and nitrite-concentration- dependent manner. The enzyme catalyzes the nitrite reduction to nitric oxide in the presence of an electron donor to the enzyme, substrate (aldehyde) or not (dithionite)
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
no substrates: hypoxanthine, xanthine, 1-methylxanthine, 3-methylxanthine, 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, allopurinol, oxypurinol, isoquinoline, nicotinate, formamide
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-
?
additional information
?
-
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
additional albeit significantly less effective acdeptors are dichlorophenolindophenol, methylene blue, ferricyanide
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-
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
the enzyme also catalyzes the nitrite reduction with nitric oxide formation in an enzyme-, aldehyde- and nitrite-concentration- dependent manner. The enzyme catalyzes the nitrite reduction to nitric oxide in the presence of an electron donor to the enzyme, substrate (aldehyde) or not (dithionite)
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Fe-S center
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
the small subunits contains a [2Fe-2S]-center
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Iron
Molybdenum
Iron
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
DgAOR contains two spectroscopically distinguishable [2Fe-2S] centers
Iron
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
the cluster ligated by a ferredoxin-type motif is close to the protein surface, whereas that ligated by an unusual cysteine motif is in contact with the molybtopterin
Molybdenum
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
redox center formed by a fivefold-co-ordinated Mo atom bound to two oxygen ligands, one sulfur and one molybdopterin cytosin dinucleotide
Molybdenum
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
the cluster ligated by a ferredoxin-type motif is close to the protein surface, whereas that ligated by an unusual cysteine motif is in contact with the molybtopterin
Molybdenum
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
EPR and QM/MM study. The intraenzyme electron transfer process mediated by the pyranopterin moiety is governed by a molybdenum ligand-based regulatory mechanism
Molybdenum
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis
-
contains molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide cluster, 0.6 molybdenum atoms per monomer
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2-phenylacetaldehyde
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
substrate inhibition at high concentrations
3-phenylpropanal
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
substrate inhibition at high concentrations, suicide substrate
cyanide
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
competitive reversible inhibitor, 30.9% inhibition at 50 mM
ethylene glycol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
mixed-type reversible inhibitor, 21.9% inhibition at 1 mM
glycerol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
competitive reversible inhibitor, 52% inhibition at 1 mM
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
24
3-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carbaldehyde
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
pH 6, 30°C
-
0.0097
benzaldehyde
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.6), at 37°C
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1.12
benzaldehyde
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.6), at 37°C
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis
A0A5K7VLU0 i.e. small subunit, A0A5K7VFT8 i.e. large subunit
A0A5K7VLU0; A0A5K7VFT8
UniProt
brenda
Show AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices (319 entries)
Please use the AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices Search for a specific query.
Please use the AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices Search for a specific query.
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
dimer
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas NCIMB 9332
-
2 * 62000, SDS-PAGE
-
dimer
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 1349
-
2 * 96000, SDS-PAGE
-
dimer
Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 13491
-
2 * 96000, SDS-PAGE
-
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
kinetic and X-ray crystallographic study, structures of inactive and activated enzyme. Activation/inactivation is governed by the oxidation state of the dithiolene moiety of the pyranopterin cofactor. Incubation with dithionite plus sulfide in the presence of dioxygen produces hydrogen peroxide not associated with the enzyme activation. The peroxide molecule coordinates to molybdenum in a ny2 fashion inhibiting the enzyme activity
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
sitting drop vapor diffusion method, using 30% (v/v) 2-propanol, 0.2 M magnesium chloride, and 0.2 M HEPES buffer (pH 7.6)
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas