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Information on EC 1.2.1.39 - phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase
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EC Tree
1.2.1.39 phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenaseSpecify your search results
Word Map
- 1.2.1.39
-
phenylacetic
- monooxygenase
- phenylpyruvate
- 2-phenylethylamine
- 2-phenylethanol
-
nad+-dependent
-
denitrifying
-
betaproteobacterium
- aromaticum
-
tungsten-dependent
- tyrosol
- 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
- phenylethanols
-
aromatoleum
-
dinucleotide-dependent
-
agrochemical
- phenylacetyl-coa
- tungstate
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
dehydrogenase, phenylacetaldehyde, ebA4954, feaB, NPADH, PAAL dehydrogenase, PAD, PadA, PADH, PDH, PeaE, 
more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
ebA4954
feaB
NPADH
PAD
PADH
PDH
phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase
styD
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
-
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
sequential reaction mechanism in which NAD+ serves as both the leading substrate and homotropic allosteric activator, catalytic mechanism involving E169, E267, and C301, overview. The catalytic Glu has two conformations: a passive conformer that tucks away to allow hydride transfer to the nicotinamide ring, and an active conformer that abstracts a proton from the thioester-deacylating water
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
sequential reaction mechanism in which NAD+ serves as both the leading substrate and homotropic allosteric activator, catalytic mechanism involving E169, E267, and C301, overview. The catalytic Glu has two conformations: a passive conformer that tucks away to allow hydride transfer to the nicotinamide ring, and an active conformer that abstracts a proton from the thioester-deacylating water
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
phenylacetaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
-
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
58943-37-6
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-naphthaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
1-naphthoate + NADH + H+
-
24% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
3-phenylpropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-phenylpropionate + NADH + H+
-
34% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
decanal + NAD+ + H2O
decanoate + NADH + H+
-
17% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
indoleacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
indoleacetate + NADH
Achromobacter eurydice
-
slow reaction
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetic acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
benzoate + NADH + H+
-
54% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
benzoate + NADH + H+
-
54% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
hexanal + NAD+ + H2O
hexanoate + NADH + H+
-
21% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
hexanal + NAD+ + H2O
hexanoate + NADH + H+
-
21% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
octanal + NAD+ + H2O
octanoate + NADH + H+
-
31% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
octanal + NAD+ + H2O
octanoate + NADH + H+
-
31% activity relative to phenylacetaldehyde
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
Achromobacter eurydice
-
inducible enzyme appears when cells are grown on L-phenylalanine or on L-tryptophan as sole source of carbon
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
inducible enzyme of 2-phenylethylamine catabolism
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
a positive regulatory protein required for expression of phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase is located next to the PAD gene
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in the catabolism of 2-phenylethylamine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
involved in DL-phenylacrylic acid and phenylacetic acid catabolism
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in degradation of styrene. Low constitutive levels of NAD+-dependent phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in degradation of styrene. Low constitutive levels of NAD+-dependent phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in metabolism of atropine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in metabolism of atropine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in the anaerobic metabolism of L-phenylalanine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
inolved in degradation of styrene oxide and 2-phenylethanol
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
inolved in degradation of styrene oxide and 2-phenylethanol
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
r
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
r
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
Achromobacter eurydice
-
highly specific for phenylacetaldehyde, NADP+ is about 1% as active as NAD+
-
ir
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
best substrate
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
best substrate
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
the enzyme participates in metabolism of phenylalanine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
rate-limiting step is the hydride transfer
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADPH + 2 H+
-
-
-
r
phenylacetaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADPH + 2 H+
-
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
enzyme is highly specific for phenylacetaldehyde, has cooperative kinetics toward the substrate, and shows considerable substrate inhibition. No activity with benzaldehyde and indole-3-carbaldehyde, substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is highly specific for phenylacetaldehyde, has cooperative kinetics toward the substrate, and shows considerable substrate inhibition. No activity with benzaldehyde and indole-3-carbaldehyde, substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is highly specific for phenylacetaldehyde, has cooperative kinetics toward the substrate, and shows considerable substrate inhibition. No activity with benzaldehyde and indole-3-carbaldehyde, substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetic acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
Achromobacter eurydice
-
inducible enzyme appears when cells are grown on L-phenylalanine or on L-tryptophan as sole source of carbon
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
inducible enzyme of 2-phenylethylamine catabolism
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
a positive regulatory protein required for expression of phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase is located next to the PAD gene
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in the catabolism of 2-phenylethylamine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
involved in DL-phenylacrylic acid and phenylacetic acid catabolism
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in degradation of styrene. Low constitutive levels of NAD+-dependent phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in degradation of styrene. Low constitutive levels of NAD+-dependent phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in metabolism of atropine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in metabolism of atropine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
enzyme is involved in the anaerobic metabolism of L-phenylalanine
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
inolved in degradation of styrene oxide and 2-phenylethanol
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
?
-
inolved in degradation of styrene oxide and 2-phenylethanol
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
r
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
r
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + 2 H+
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
phenylacetate + NADH + H+
-
the enzyme participates in metabolism of phenylalanine
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
NAD+
-
active with NAD+ and NADP+, preference for NAD+. kcat/Km for NAD+ with propionaldehyde as cosubstrate is 34700
NAD+
N-terminal NAD+-binding domain, comprising residues 1-130 and 159-269, structure analysis, overview
NADP+
-
active with NAD+ and NADP+, preference for NAD+. kcat/Km for NADP+ with propionaldehyde is 2460
additional information
enzyme PDH accepts both NAD+ and NADP+ as electron acceptors, but exhibits 86% of its maximal activity with NAD+ but only 5% of its maximal activity with NADP+
-
additional information
-
enzyme PDH accepts both NAD+ and NADP+ as electron acceptors, but exhibits 86% of its maximal activity with NAD+ but only 5% of its maximal activity with NADP+
-
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Cs+
Achromobacter eurydice
-
monovalent cation required. K+ , Rb+ , Na+, Li+, NH4+ and Cs+ activate in this order
K+
Achromobacter eurydice
-
monovalent cation required. K+ , Rb+ , Na+, Li+, NH4+ and Cs+ activate in this order
Li+
Achromobacter eurydice
-
monovalent cation required. K+ , Rb+ , Na+, Li+, NH4+ and Cs+ activate in this order
Mg2+
Mn2+
Na+
Achromobacter eurydice
-
monovalent cation required. K+ , Rb+ , Na+, Li+, NH4+ and Cs+ activate in this order
NH4+
Achromobacter eurydice
-
monovalent cation required. K+ , Rb+ , Na+, Li+, NH4+ and Cs+ activate in this order
Rb+
Achromobacter eurydice
-
monovalent cation required. K+ , Rb+ , Na+, Li+, NH4+ and Cs+ activate in this order
additional information
Mg2+
the enzyme includes both an activating and inhibitory metal binding site in the catalytic mechanism of NPADH. The activating divalent metal binding site may be best described as the direct interaction of the metal ion with the pyrophosphate linkage joining the nicotinamide mononucleotide and adenosine mononucleotide components of the pyridine nucleotide structure. A second mononuclear metal binding site, occupied by Mg2+ is detected in this structure. The Mg2+ in this site assumes a roughly octahedral geometry and is coordinated by the backbone carbonyl oxygens of Val40, Asp109, Glu196, and Val345, as well as a monodentate interaction with a carboxylate oxygen of Asp109. The sixth ligand is a crystallographically resolved water molecule
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
NADH
product inhibition, competitive binding of NAD+. For many aldehyde dehydrogenases, NADH binds competitively with NAD+ and forms a nonproductive dead-end complex during catalysis. In the absence of styrene monooxygenase reductase, which regenerates NAD+ from NADH in the first step of styrene catabolism, NPADH is inhibited by a ternary complex involving NADH, product, and phenylacetaldehyde, substrate
PMSF
inactivates NPADH, presumably by modifying the active site cysteine
Pyridine nucleotides
titrations of NPADH with NADž and NADH are evaluated to estimate the binding affinities of the oxidized and reduced pyridine nucleotides under equilibrium conditions. Mg2+ is included in these studies
-
phenylacetaldehyde
the enzyme is highly specific for phenylacetaldehyde, has cooperative kinetics toward the substrate, and shows considerable substrate inhibition
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
additional information
kinetic analysis, overview. The enzyme shows cooperative kinetics toward substrate phenylacetaldehyde and considerable substrate inhibition
-
additional information
additional information
-
kinetic analysis, overview. The enzyme shows cooperative kinetics toward substrate phenylacetaldehyde and considerable substrate inhibition
-
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.102
purified native enzyme, with cofactor NADP+, pH 8.5, 28°C
additional information
additional information
-
Analysis of phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity in cell-free extracts reveals that although enzymatic activity decreases in the peaE knocked-out mutant (20% with respect to the control), good phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity is present. Another aldehyde dehydrogenase(s) exist(s) that could replace the role played by PeaE
additional information
Analysis of phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity in cell-free extracts reveals that although enzymatic activity decreases in the peaE knocked-out mutant (20% with respect to the control), good phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity is present. Another aldehyde dehydrogenase(s) exist(s) that could replace the role played by PeaE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
U strain, although enzymatic activity decreases in knock-out mutants good phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase acivity is present in the bacterium, PeaF and PeaG are suggested to replace PeaE
SwissProt
brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
malfunction
deletion of feaB gene results in increased desired aromatic compounds with decreased by-products. 2-Phenylethanol is not degraded by a feaB-deficient strain
malfunction
-
disruption of the endogenous phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene shuts off 4-hydroxyphenylacetate production and improves the production of tyrosol as a sole product
metabolism
-
FeaB plays a major role in the formation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate
metabolism
the enzyme catalyzes a step in the styrene catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas putida
metabolism
two distinct enzymes are involved in the oxidation of phenylacetaldehyde to phenylacetate, an aldehyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (AOR) and a phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (PDH). PDH is the primary enzyme during anaerobic phenylalanine degradation, whereas AOR is not essential for the metabolic pathway and exhibits probably a function as a detoxifying enzyme if high aldehyde concentrations accumulate in the cytoplasm, which would lead to substrate inhibition of PDH
metabolism
-
the enzyme catalyzes a step in the styrene catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas putida
metabolism
-
two distinct enzymes are involved in the oxidation of phenylacetaldehyde to phenylacetate, an aldehyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (AOR) and a phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (PDH). PDH is the primary enzyme during anaerobic phenylalanine degradation, whereas AOR is not essential for the metabolic pathway and exhibits probably a function as a detoxifying enzyme if high aldehyde concentrations accumulate in the cytoplasm, which would lead to substrate inhibition of PDH
physiological function
phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase catalyzes the NAD+-dependent oxidation of phenylactealdehyde to phenylacetic acid in the styrene catabolic and detoxification pathway of Pseudomonas putida strain S12
physiological function
-
phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase catalyzes the NAD+-dependent oxidation of phenylactealdehyde to phenylacetic acid in the styrene catabolic and detoxification pathway of Pseudomonas putida strain S12
additional information
substrate channel and active site structure, overview. A majority of conserved residues in NPADH localize to the active site and NAD+-binding pocket. At the interface between the two pockets are the catalytic Cys 301 and Glu 267 residues, which serve as the general nucleophile and general base for the reaction, respectively
additional information
-
substrate channel and active site structure, overview. A majority of conserved residues in NPADH localize to the active site and NAD+-binding pocket. At the interface between the two pockets are the catalytic Cys 301 and Glu 267 residues, which serve as the general nucleophile and general base for the reaction, respectively
additional information
-
substrate channel and active site structure, overview. A majority of conserved residues in NPADH localize to the active site and NAD+-binding pocket. At the interface between the two pockets are the catalytic Cys 301 and Glu 267 residues, which serve as the general nucleophile and general base for the reaction, respectively
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
53290
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
homotetramer
additional information
homotetramer
4 * 53500, recombinant Strep-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE
additional information
the oligomerization domains of all four subunits form the core of PADH and are responsible not only for the effective dimerization observed within the homotetramer, but also for the association of these dimers to form the tetramer. Each 496 amino acid PADH subunit consists of three domains: an N-terminal NADž-binding domain (residues 1-130 and 159-269), a catalytic domain (residues 270-471), and an oligomerization domain (131-158 and 472-496). The enzyme has a unique set of intersubunit interactions and active site tunnel for substrate entrance. Each oligomerization domain of NPADH contains a six-residue insertion that extends this loop over the substrate entrance tunnel of a neighboring subunit, thereby obstructing the active site of the adjacent subunit. This feature might be an important factor in the homotropic activation and product inhibition mechanisms. The substrate channel of NPADH is narrower and lined with more aromatic residues, which include Phe170, Phe295, Phe466, and Trp177, suggesting a means for enhancing substrate specificity
additional information
-
the oligomerization domains of all four subunits form the core of PADH and are responsible not only for the effective dimerization observed within the homotetramer, but also for the association of these dimers to form the tetramer. Each 496 amino acid PADH subunit consists of three domains: an N-terminal NADž-binding domain (residues 1-130 and 159-269), a catalytic domain (residues 270-471), and an oligomerization domain (131-158 and 472-496). The enzyme has a unique set of intersubunit interactions and active site tunnel for substrate entrance. Each oligomerization domain of NPADH contains a six-residue insertion that extends this loop over the substrate entrance tunnel of a neighboring subunit, thereby obstructing the active site of the adjacent subunit. This feature might be an important factor in the homotropic activation and product inhibition mechanisms. The substrate channel of NPADH is narrower and lined with more aromatic residues, which include Phe170, Phe295, Phe466, and Trp177, suggesting a means for enhancing substrate specificity
additional information
-
the oligomerization domains of all four subunits form the core of PADH and are responsible not only for the effective dimerization observed within the homotetramer, but also for the association of these dimers to form the tetramer. Each 496 amino acid PADH subunit consists of three domains: an N-terminal NADž-binding domain (residues 1-130 and 159-269), a catalytic domain (residues 270-471), and an oligomerization domain (131-158 and 472-496). The enzyme has a unique set of intersubunit interactions and active site tunnel for substrate entrance. Each oligomerization domain of NPADH contains a six-residue insertion that extends this loop over the substrate entrance tunnel of a neighboring subunit, thereby obstructing the active site of the adjacent subunit. This feature might be an important factor in the homotropic activation and product inhibition mechanisms. The substrate channel of NPADH is narrower and lined with more aromatic residues, which include Phe170, Phe295, Phe466, and Trp177, suggesting a means for enhancing substrate specificity
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
purified recombinant His-tagged enzyme, sitting drop vapor diffusion method, mixing of 5-7 mg/ml protein in 10 mM Tris, pH 7.5, and 1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, with 100-200 mM trisodium citrate, pH 8.5, and 12-16% PEG 3350, at 4°C, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 2.83 A resolution, molecular replacement using ALDH1, PDB ID 1BXS, as a starting model, model building
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
Achromobacter eurydice
-
unstable after dilution, especially in alkaline medium
390292
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GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
native enzyme 126fold by cross-flow filtration, ultracentrifugation, and anion exchange chromatography, recombinant Strep-tagged enzyme 137fold from Escherichia coli strain DHalpha by affinity chromatography on a Strep-Tactin column
recombinant N-terminally His-tagged enzyme, NPADH, from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography and ultrafiltration to over 90% purity
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Expression in Escherichia coli, production of knock out-mutants is carried out by mutagenesis.
gene ebA4954, recombinant expression of N-terminally Strep-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain DHalpha
gene styD, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, recombinant expression of N-terminally His-tagged enzyme, NPADH, in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
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Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas putida (B1N7H3)
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Koma, D.; Yamanaka, H.; Moriyoshi, K.; Ohmoto, T.; Sakai, K.
Production of aromatic compounds by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli with an expanded shikimate pathway
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
78
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Escherichia coli (P80668), Escherichia coli
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Satoh, Y.; Tajima, K.; Munekata, M.; Keasling, J.D.; Lee, T.S.
Engineering of a tyrosol-producing pathway, utilizing simple sugar and the central metabolic tyrosine, in Escherichia coli
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Escherichia coli
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Crabo, A.G.; Singh, B.; Nguyen, T.; Emami, S.; Gassner, G.T.; Sazinsky, M.H.
Structure and biochemistry of phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase from the Pseudomonas putida S12 styrene catabolic pathway
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616
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Pseudomonas putida (V4GH04), Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas putida S12 (V4GH04), Pseudomonas putida S12
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Simultaneous involvement of a tungsten-containing aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase and a phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase in anaerobic phenylalanine metabolism
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Aromatoleum aromaticum (Q5P171), Aromatoleum aromaticum, Aromatoleum aromaticum EbN1 (Q5P171)
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