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Information on EC 1.18.6.1 - nitrogenase and Organism(s) Clostridium pasteurianum and UniProt Accession P11347

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EC Tree
     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors
             1.18.6 With dinitrogen as acceptor
                1.18.6.1 nitrogenase
IUBMB Comments
Requires Mg2+. The enzyme is a complex of two components (namely dinitrogen reductase and dinitrogenase). Dinitrogen reductase is a [4Fe-4S] protein, which, in the presence of two molecules of ATP, transfers an electron from ferredoxin to the dinitrogenase component. Dinitrogenase is a molybdenum-iron protein that reduces dinitrogen to two molecules of ammonia in three successive two-electron reductions via diazene and hydrazine. The reduction is initiated by formation of hydrogen in stoichiometric amounts . Acetylene is reduced to ethylene (but only very slowly to ethane), azide to nitrogen and ammonia, and cyanide to methane and ammonia. In the absence of a suitable substrate, hydrogen is slowly formed. Ferredoxin may be replaced by flavodoxin [see EC 1.19.6.1 nitrogenase (flavodoxin)]. The enzyme does not reduce CO (cf. EC 1.18.6.2, vanadium-dependent nitrogenase).
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Clostridium pasteurianum
UNIPROT: P11347 not found.
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Clostridium pasteurianum
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
4
+
8
+
+
16
+
16
=
4
+
+
2
+
16
+
16
Synonyms
nitrogenase, mofe protein, dinitrogenase, nifhdk, nifdk, mo-nitrogenase, mofe-protein, v-nitrogenase, nitrogenase mofe protein, n2ase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
molybdenum-iron protein
-
catalytic component of nitrogenase
nitrogenase MoFe protein
-
nitrogenase molybdenum iron protein
-
-
nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein
-
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
4 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + N2 + 16 ATP + 16 H2O = 4 oxidized ferredoxin + H2 + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate
show the reaction diagram
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
ferredoxin:dinitrogen oxidoreductase (ATP-hydrolysing, molybdenum-dependent)
Requires Mg2+. The enzyme is a complex of two components (namely dinitrogen reductase and dinitrogenase). Dinitrogen reductase is a [4Fe-4S] protein, which, in the presence of two molecules of ATP, transfers an electron from ferredoxin to the dinitrogenase component. Dinitrogenase is a molybdenum-iron protein that reduces dinitrogen to two molecules of ammonia in three successive two-electron reductions via diazene and hydrazine. The reduction is initiated by formation of hydrogen in stoichiometric amounts [2]. Acetylene is reduced to ethylene (but only very slowly to ethane), azide to nitrogen and ammonia, and cyanide to methane and ammonia. In the absence of a suitable substrate, hydrogen is slowly formed. Ferredoxin may be replaced by flavodoxin [see EC 1.19.6.1 nitrogenase (flavodoxin)]. The enzyme does not reduce CO (cf. EC 1.18.6.2, vanadium-dependent nitrogenase).
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9013-04-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+ + acetylene + 2 ATP + 2 H2O
2 oxidized ferredoxin + ethylene + 2 ADP + 2 phosphate
show the reaction diagram
6 reduced flavodoxin + N2 + 6 H2O + 6 ATP
6 oxidized flavodoxin + 2 NH3 + 6 H+ + 6 ADP + 6 phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
8 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + N2 + 16 ATP + 16 H2O
8 oxidized ferredoxin + H2 + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate
show the reaction diagram
dithionite + H+ + N2 + ATP
?
show the reaction diagram
-
in vitro substrate
-
-
?
N2 + 10 H+ + 8 e- + 16 ATP
2 NH4+ + H2 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
reduced ferredoxin + H+ + ATP
oxidized ferredoxin + H2 + ADP + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
in absence of other acceptors
-
-
?
reduced ferredoxin + H+ + CH3NC + ATP
oxidized ferredoxin + CH4 + C2H4 + C3H6 + C3H8 + CH3NH2 + ADP + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
reduced ferredoxin + H+ + CN- + ATP
oxidized ferredoxin + CH4 + NH3 + ADP + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
reduced ferredoxin + H+ + N2O + ATP
oxidized ferredoxin + H2O + N2 + ADP + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
reduced ferredoxin + H+ + N3- + ATP
oxidized ferredoxin + NH3 + N2 + ADP + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
Ti4+ + H+ + N2 + ATP
?
show the reaction diagram
-
in vitro substrate
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
8 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + N2 + 16 ATP + 16 H2O
8 oxidized ferredoxin + H2 + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate
show the reaction diagram
N2 + 10 H+ + 8 e- + 16 ATP
2 NH4+ + H2 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
FeMo cofactor
-
MoFe7S9-homocitrate
iron-molybdenum cofactor
-
7Fe:9S:C:Mo:R-homocitrate cluster
additional information
-
structure models of Fe protein, MoFe protein, and MoFe-cofactor, and their metal centers, e.g. the [4Fe-4S] cluster based on crystallographic data, substrate binding and electron transfer
-
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Molybdenum
Vanadium
-
characterization of the metal clusters in the nitrogenase vanadium-iron protein
additional information
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
overview
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
homocitrate
-
plays role in electron transfer at the [4Fe-4S] cluster to the MoFe-cofactor of the MoFe protein, can be substituted by erythro-fluorohomocitrate but not by threo-fluorohomocitrate
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
additional information
-
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
1.2
-
purified MoFe protein
1.7 - 2.2
-
purified Fe protein
additional information
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
-
not established, whether the nitrogenase exists in vivo in a specific particle or whether the nitrogenase proteins are bound nonspecifically to the membranes of some cells
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
NIFH3_CLOPA
275
0
30322
Swiss-Prot
-
NIFH4_CLOPA
273
0
29650
Swiss-Prot
-
NIFH5_CLOPA
273
0
29647
Swiss-Prot
-
NIFH6_CLOPA
272
0
29562
Swiss-Prot
-
ANFG_CLOPA
116
0
13714
Swiss-Prot
-
NIFK_CLOPA
458
0
50119
Swiss-Prot
-
NIFH1_CLOPA
273
0
29662
Swiss-Prot
-
NIFH2_CLOPA
272
0
29576
Swiss-Prot
-
NIFD_CLOPA
534
0
59126
Swiss-Prot
-
Q46243_CLOPA
525
0
59283
TrEMBL
-
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
160000 - 270000
-
MoFe protein: various methods, overview
168000
-
MoFe protein, ultracentrifugation
200000
210000
-
MoFe protein, gel filtration
220000 - 250000
-
component I MoFe protein
27500
40000
-
Fe protein, ultracentrifugation
40000 - 74000
-
Fe protein: various methods, overview
51000
-
component I Fe protein 2 * 27500 + component II MoFe protein 1 * 60000 + 1 * 51000, SDS-PAGE
55000 - 60000
-
component II Fe protein
56000
-
Fe protein, gel filtration
60000
additional information
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
tetramer
additional information
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
MoFe protein, crystallized in presence of approx. 5% w/v polyethylene glycol 6000 and 0.2-0.4 M MgCl2 under strictly anaerobic conditions, x-ray analysis
-
sitting drop vapor diffusion method, using 23% polyethylene glycol 3350, 0.2 M lithium citrate, and 5 mM sodium dithionite
GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Fe protein is salt sensitive
-
OXIDATION STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
extreme sensitivity to O2
-
440142, 440143, 440144
Fe protein is very O2 sensitive
-
440159
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
all components
-
strict anaerobic conditions
-
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Haaker, H.; Klugkist, J.
The bioenergetics of electron transport to nitrogenase
FEMS Microbiol. Rev.
46
57-71
1987
Azotobacter vinelandii, Anabaena cylindrica, Anabaena sp., Azospirillum sp., Azotobacter sp., Paenibacillus polymyxa, Chlorobium sp., Chromatium sp., Clostridium pasteurianum, Desulfovibrio sp., Frankia sp., Gloeothece sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Leptolyngbya boryana, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium sp., Cereibacter sphaeroides, Rhodopseudomonas sp., Rhodospirillum rubrum, Rhizobium sp. ORS 571
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Vignais, P.M.; Colbeau, A.; Willison, J.C.; Jouanneau, Y.
Hydrogenase, nitrogenase, and hydrogen metabolism in the photosynthetic bacteria
Adv. Microb. Physiol.
26
155-234
1985
Azotobacter vinelandii, Allochromatium vinosum, Clostridium pasteurianum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Rhodobacter capsulatus, Rhodospirillum rubrum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Eady, R.R.
Isolation and characterization of various nitrogenases
Methods Enzymol.
69
753-778
1980
Azotobacter vinelandii, Allochromatium vinosum, Azotobacter chroococcum, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Clostridium pasteurianum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bradyrhizobium lupini, Rhodospirillum rubrum
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Winter, H.C.; Burris, R.H.
Nitrogenase
Annu. Rev. Biochem.
45
409-426
1976
Azotobacter vinelandii, Allochromatium vinosum, Anabaena cylindrica, Azotobacter chroococcum, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Clostridium pasteurianum, Corynebacterium flavescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bradyrhizobium lupini, Rhodospirillum rubrum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Eady, R.R.; Postgate, J.R.
Nitrogenase
Nature
249
805-810
1974
Azotobacter vinelandii, Allochromatium vinosum, Anabaena cylindrica, Azotobacter chroococcum, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Clostridium pasteurianum, Corynebacterium flavescens, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Escherichia coli, Gloeocapsa sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Ornithopus sativus, Leptolyngbya boryana, Bradyrhizobium lupini, Rhizobium sp., Rhodospirillum rubrum, Escherichia coli C-M 74, Corynebacterium flavescens 301
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Mortenson, L.E.; Thorneley, R.N.F.
Structure and function of nitrogenase
Annu. Rev. Biochem.
48
387-418
1979
Azotobacter vinelandii, Azotobacter chroococcum, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Clostridium pasteurianum, Klebsiella pneumoniae
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shah, V.K.; Ugalde, R.A.; Imperial, J.; Brill, W.J.
Molybdenum in nitrogenase
Annu. Rev. Biochem.
53
231-257
1984
Azotobacter vinelandii, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Clostridium pasteurianum, Klebsiella pneumoniae
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Weininger, M.S.; Mortenson, L.E.
Crystallographic properties of the MoFe proteins of nitrogenase from Clostridium pasteurianum and Azotobacter vinelandii
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
79
379-380
1982
Azotobacter vinelandii, Clostridium pasteurianum
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Mortenson, L.E.
Purification aof nitrogenase from Clostridium pasteurianum
Methods Enzymol.
24B
446-456
1972
Clostridium pasteurianum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Tso, M.Y.W.
Some properties of the nitrogenase proteins from Clostridium pasteurianum. Molecular weight, subunit structure, isoelectric point and EPR spectra
Arch. Microbiol.
99
71-80
1974
Clostridium pasteurianum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zumft, W.G.; Mortenson, L.E.
The nitrogen-fixing complex of bacteria
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
416
1-52
1975
Azotobacter vinelandii, Chromatium sp., Clostridium pasteurianum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Rhizobium sp.
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Erickson, J.A.; Nyborg, A.C.; Johnson, J.L.; Truscott, S.M.; Gunn, A.; Nordmeyer, F.R.; Watt, G.D.
Enhanced efficiency of ATP hydrolysis during nitrogenase catalysis utilizing reductants That form the all-ferrous redox state of the Fe protein
Biochemistry
38
14279-14285
1999
Azotobacter vinelandii, Clostridium pasteurianum, Azotobacter vinelandii OP
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kim, J.; Rees, D.C.
Nitrogenase and biological nitrogen fixation
Biochemistry
33
389-397
1994
Azotobacter vinelandii, Azotobacter chroococcum, Clostridium pasteurianum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Morrison, C.N.; Hoy, J.A.; Zhang, L.; Einsle, O.; Rees, D.C.
Substrate pathways in the nitrogenase MoFe protein by experimental identification of small molecule binding sites
Biochemistry
54
2052-2060
2015
Klebsiella pneumoniae (P00466 and P09772), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Clostridium pasteurianum (P00467 and P11347), Clostridium pasteurianum, Azotobacter vinelandii (P07328 and P07329), Azotobacter vinelandii
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Morrison, C.N.; Spatzal, T.; Rees, D.C.
Reversible protonated resting state of the nitrogenase active site
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
139
10856-10862
2017
Azotobacter vinelandii, Clostridium pasteurianum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Hu, Y.; Ribbe, M.W.
A journey into the active center of nitrogenase
J. Biol. Inorg. Chem.
19
731-736
2014
Azotobacter vinelandii, Clostridium pasteurianum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team