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IUBMB CommentsForms part of the oxidative pyrimidine-degrading pathway in some microorganisms, along with EC 3.5.2.1 (barbiturase) and EC 3.5.1.95 (N-malonylurea hydrolase). Mammals, plants and other microorganisms utilize the reductive pathway, comprising EC 1.3.1.1 [dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD+)] or EC 1.3.1.2 [dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+)], EC 3.5.2.2 (dihydropyrimidinase) and EC 3.5.1.6 (beta-ureidopropionase), with the ultimate degradation products being an L-amino acid, NH3 and CO2 .
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5-aminouracil + acceptor
?
thymine + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
thymine + H2O + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
uracil + H2O + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
5-aminouracil + acceptor

?
Aerobic soil bacterium
-
-
-
-
?
5-aminouracil + acceptor
?
Aerobic soil bacterium U-1
-
-
-
-
?
thymine + acceptor

5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
Aerobic soil bacterium
-
-
-
?
thymine + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
Aerobic soil bacterium U-1
-
-
-
?
thymine + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
?
thymine + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
?
thymine + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
?
thymine + H2O + acceptor

5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
thymine + H2O + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
thymine + H2O + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
thymine + H2O + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
uracil + acceptor

barbiturate + reduced acceptor
Aerobic soil bacterium
-
barbiturate, isobarbiturate, 5-methylbarbiturate, 6-methyluracil, dihydrothymine, dihydrouracil, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine, 2-thio-5-methyluracil and cytosine are no substrates
-
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
Aerobic soil bacterium
-
acceptor: 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol or methylene blue act as artificial electron acceptors, O2 only in the presence of methylene blue
-
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
Aerobic soil bacterium U-1
-
barbiturate, isobarbiturate, 5-methylbarbiturate, 6-methyluracil, dihydrothymine, dihydrouracil, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine, 2-thio-5-methyluracil and cytosine are no substrates
-
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
Aerobic soil bacterium U-1
-
acceptor: 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol or methylene blue act as artificial electron acceptors, O2 only in the presence of methylene blue
-
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
barbiturate, isobarbiturate, 5-methylbarbiturate, 6-methyluracil, dihydrothymine, dihydrouracil, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine, 2-thio-5-methyluracil and cytosine are no substrates
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
barbiturate, isobarbiturate, 5-methylbarbiturate, 6-methyluracil, dihydrothymine, dihydrouracil, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine, 2-thio-5-methyluracil and cytosine are no substrates
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
barbiturate, isobarbiturate, 5-methylbarbiturate, 6-methyluracil, dihydrothymine, dihydrouracil, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine, 2-thio-5-methyluracil and cytosine are no substrates
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
reaction in two-step oxidative catabolism of uracil in prokaryotes
-
?
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
barbiturate, isobarbiturate, 5-methylbarbiturate, 6-methyluracil, dihydrothymine, dihydrouracil, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine, 2-thio-5-methyluracil and cytosine are no substrates
-
?
uracil + H2O + acceptor

barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
uracil + H2O + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
uracil + H2O + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
uracil + H2O + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
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thymine + H2O + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
uracil + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
reaction in two-step oxidative catabolism of uracil in prokaryotes
-
?
uracil + H2O + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
thymine + H2O + acceptor

5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
thymine + H2O + acceptor
5-methylbarbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
uracil + H2O + acceptor

barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
uracil + H2O + acceptor
barbiturate + reduced acceptor
-
involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
?
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Patel, B.N.; West, T.P.
Oxidative catabolism of uracil by Enterobacter aerogenes
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
40
33-36
1987
Klebsiella aerogenes
-
brenda
Hayaishi, O.; Kornberg, A.
Metabolism of cytosine, thymine, uracil, and barbituric acid by bacterial enzymes
J. Biol. Chem.
197
717-732
1952
Corynebacterium sp., Corynebacterium sp. 161, Mycobacterium sp.
brenda
Wang, T.P.; Lampen, J.O.
Uracil oxidase and the isolation of barbituric acid from uracil oxidation
J. Biol. Chem.
194
785-791
1952
Aerobic soil bacterium, Aerobic soil bacterium U-1
brenda
Soong, C.L.; Ogawa, J.; Shimizu, S.
Novel amidohydrolytic reactions in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism: analysis of the barbiturase reaction and discovery of a novel enzyme, ureidomalonase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
286
222-226
2001
Rhodococcus erythropolis, Rhodococcus erythropolis JCM 3132
brenda