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Information on EC 1.17.7.2 - 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q8GS60

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IUBMB Comments
Contains FAD and an iron-sulfur center. This enzyme, which is present in plant chloroplasts, carries out the second step in the conversion of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a. It similarly reduces chlorophyllide a.
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This record set is specific for:
Arabidopsis thaliana
UNIPROT: Q8GS60
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Synonyms
7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase, hmchl reductase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase
-
-
HMChl reductase
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
71-hydroxychlorophyll a:ferredoxin oxidoreductase
Contains FAD and an iron-sulfur center. This enzyme, which is present in plant chloroplasts, carries out the second step in the conversion of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a. It similarly reduces chlorophyllide a.
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
71-hydroxychlorophyll a + reduced ferredoxin + H+
chlorophyll a + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
ir
7-hydroxymethyl-chlorophyll a + reduced ferredoxin + H+
chlorophyll a + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
ir
7-hydroxymethylchlorophyll a + reduced ferredoxin + H+
chlorophyll a + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
-
HCAR interacts with LHCII in in vivo pull-down assays, and with SGR, NYC1, NOL and RCCR in yeast two-hybrid assays
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
71-hydroxychlorophyll a + reduced ferredoxin + H+
chlorophyll a + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
ir
7-hydroxymethyl-chlorophyll a + reduced ferredoxin + H+
chlorophyll a + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
ir
7-hydroxymethylchlorophyll a + reduced ferredoxin + H+
chlorophyll a + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O
show the reaction diagram
-
HCAR reduces 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a but not 7-hydroxymethyl pheophytin a or 7-hydroxymethyl pheophorbide a
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
HCAR interacts with LHCII in in vivo pull-down assays, and with SGR, NYC1, NOL and RCCR in yeast two-hybrid assays
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
[4Fe-4S]-center
-
FAD
-
the enzyme contains FAD
reduced ferredoxin
-
-
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
metabolism
the enzyme is required for the degradation of light-harvesting complexes and is necessary for efficient photosynthesis by balancing the chlorophyll a/b ratio
malfunction
physiological function
-
HCAR functions in Chl degradation as a component of the SGRCCE-LHCII complex during leaf senescence
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
HCAR_ARATH
462
0
51661
Swiss-Prot
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
195000
gel filtration
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
trimer
3 * 49000, SDS-PAGE
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
sitting drop vapor diffusion method, using 0.2 M MgCl2, 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.5, 25% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350, 3% (v/v) ethylene glycol
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
E262A
the mutant loses its catalytic activity, probably for its impaired FAD binding capacity
H417A
the mutant formes inclusion bodies during expression, and hence its activity is not measureable
Q332A
the mutant aggregates and its activity is not measureable
additional information
-
the activity of HMChl reductase is partially down-regulated in mutant hmc1
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Ni-NTA column chromatography and Superdex 200 gel filtration
nickel affinity column chromatography
-
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells
-
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
HCAR is expressed throughout leaf development and is drastically down-regulated during dark-induced senescence
-
HCAR is highly up-regulated during greening of etiolated seedlings
-
the enzyme activity is induced upon senescence
-
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Tanaka, R.; Tanaka, A.
Chlorophyll cycle regulates the construction and destruction of the light-harvesting complexes
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1807
968-976
2011
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Meguro, M.; Ito, H.; Takabayashi, A.; Tanaka, R.; Tanaka, A.
Identification of the 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase of the chlorophyll cycle in Arabidopsis
Plant Cell
23
3442-3453
2011
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Nagane, T.; Tanaka, A.; Tanaka, R.
Involvement of AtNAP1 in the regulation of chlorophyll degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Planta
231
939-949
2010
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sakuraba, Y.; Kim, Y.S.; Yoo, S.C.; Hoertensteiner, S.; Paek, N.C.
7-Hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase functions in metabolic channeling of chlorophyll breakdown intermediates during leaf senescence
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
430
32-37
2013
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shimoda, Y.; Ito, H.; Tanaka, A.
Conversion of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a precedes magnesium dechelation for protection against necrosis in Arabidopsis
Plant J.
72
501-511
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wang, X.; Liu, L.
Crystal structure and catalytic mechanism of 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase
J. Biol. Chem.
291
13349-13359
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8GS60)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team