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Information on EC 1.14.99.1 - prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase
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1.14.99.1 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthaseIUBMB Comments
This enzyme acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase.
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Word Map
- 1.14.99.1
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arachidonic
- indomethacin
- necrosis
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nsaid
- tnf
- lipopolysaccharide
- endothelial
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nonsteroidal
- celecoxib
- artery
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thromboxane
- aspirin
- lps
- lipoxygenase
- pain
- cardiovascular
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lps-induced
- platelet
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prostanoids
- agonist
- gastrointestinal
- mapks
- phospholipase
- gastric
- carcinogenesis
-
eicosanoids
-
leukotriene
- ulcer
- arthritis
-
analgesic
- prostacyclin
- nf-kappab
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lps-stimulated
- colorectal
- angiogenesis
- edema
- tnf-alpha
- ibuprofen
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vasodilator
- il-1beta
- osteoarthritis
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nonselective
- factor-alpha
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chemopreventive
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lipopolysaccharide-induced
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factor-kappa
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endothelium-dependent
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vasoconstriction
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l-name
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endothelium-derived
- medicine
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
cox-2, cyclooxygenase, cyclooxygenase-2, cox-1, cyclooxygenase 2, ptgs2, pghs-2, cyclooxygenase-1, prostaglandin synthetase, pghs-1, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
(PG)H synthase
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COX
COX-1
COX-2
cyclooxygenase
cyclooxygenase 2
cyclooxygenase-1b
cyclooxygenase-2
fatty acid cyclooxygenase
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-
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hPGHS-2
PG synthetase
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-
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PGHS
PGHS-1
PGHS-2
PHS
PHS-1
prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase
prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-1
prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2
prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1
prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2
prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase
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prostaglandin G/H synthase
prostaglandin H synthase
prostaglandin H synthase-1
prostaglandin H synthase-2
prostaglandin H2 synthase
prostaglandin synthase
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prostaglandin synthase-2
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-
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prostaglandin synthetase
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prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
prostaglandin-H-synthase
PTGS1
PTGS2
synthase, prostaglandin
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cyclooxygenase
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PGHS-1
one of two isoforms found in mammalian cells, always present and provides their normal functioning
PGHS-2
one of two isoforms found in mammalian cells, produced in response to certain stimuli, such as cytokines and growth factors
PHS-1
PHS is a dual-function enzyme, having a cyclooxygenase and a hydroperoxidase component
prostaglandin G/H synthase
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-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
arachidonate + reduced acceptor + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O
mechanism, enzyme acts both as dioxygenase and as peroxidase
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arachidonate + reduced acceptor + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
redox reaction
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reduction
oxidation
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reduction
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase
This enzyme acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
39391-18-9
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9055-65-6
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoic acid + AH2 + O2
? + A + H2O
substrate binding structure and nonproductive conformation, overview
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-
?
arachidonate + reduced N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylenediamine + 2 O2
prostaglandin G2 + oxidized N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylenediamine + ?
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-
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?
arachidonate + reduced N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylenediamine + 2 O2
prostaglandin H2 + oxidized N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylenediamine + H2O
arachidonic acid + 2 O2
prostaglandin G2
cyclooxygenase reaction, arachidonic acid as electron donor
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?
arachidonic acid + 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
?
-
postulated bioactivation to a neurodegenerative free radical intermediate that can initiate the formation of reactive oxygen species
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?
arachidonic acid + 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
?
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postulated bioactivation to a neurodegenerative free radical intermediate that can initiate the formation of reactive oxygen species
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?
arachidonic acid + AH2 + 2 O2
15-hydroperoxy-9alpha,11alpha-peroxidoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid + A + H2O
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-
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?
arachidonic acid + AH2 + 2 O2
6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha + A + H2O
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activity assay
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-
?
arachidonic acid + methamphetamine
?
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postulated bioactivation to a neurodegenerative free radical intermediate that can initiate the formation of reactive oxygen species
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?
arachidonic acid + reduced acceptor + O2
prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O
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-
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-
r
H2O2 + N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine
?
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peroxidase activity
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-
?
linoleic acid + AH2 + O2
9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid + 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid + ?
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid + AH2 + O2
? + A + H2O
the substrate is bound in the cyclooxygenase channel of COX-2, binding structure, overview. The carboxylate of docosahexaenoate interacts with Arg120 and Tyr355 at the base of the channel and the omega-end abuts the side chain of Ile377 near Gly533 in the hydrophobic groove above Ser530
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?
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid + AH2 + O2
? + A + H2O
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-
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?
8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid + O2
prostaglandin G1 + ?
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bis-dioxygenase activity, cyclooxygenase activity, presence of hematin
9alpha,11alpha-epidioxy-15(S)-hydroperoxy-13-trans-prostenoic acid
?
8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid + O2
prostaglandin H1 + ?
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hydroperoxidase activity, presence of hematin and tryptophan
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?
arachidonate + AH2 + 2 O2
prostaglandin G2 + A + ?
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?
arachidonate + AH2 + 2 O2
prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
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?
arachidonate + AH2 + O2
prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
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-
-
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?
arachidonate + AH2 + O2
prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
the reaction comprises two steps: dioxygenation of arachidonate to yield prostaglandin G2 containing both a 9-11 endoperoxide and a 15-peroxide group, and a peroxidase reaction, which converts prostaglandin G2 to prostaglandin H2 where the 15-peroxide is reduced to an alcohol
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?
arachidonate + AH2 + O2
prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
substrate binding structure and nonproductive conformation, overview
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-
?
arachidonate + AH2 + O2
prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
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-
-
-
?
arachidonate + AH2 + O2
prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
the reaction comprises two steps: dioxygenation of arachidonate to yield prostaglandin G2 containing both a 9-11 endoperoxide and a 15-peroxide group, and a peroxidase reaction, which converts prostaglandin G2 to prostaglandin H2 where the 15-peroxide is reduced to an alcohol
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?
arachidonate + AH2 + O2
prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
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?