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Information on EC 1.14.20.4 - anthocyanidin synthase

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
The enzyme requires Fe(II) and ascorbate. It is involved in the pathway by which many flowering plants make anthocyanin flower pigments (glycosylated anthocyandins). The enzyme hydroxylates the C-3 carbon, followed by a trans diaxial elimination, forming a C-2,C-3 enol. The product loses a second water molecule to form anthocyanidins. When assayed in vitro, non-enzymic epimerization of the product can lead to formation of dihydroflavanols. Thus when the substrate is leucocyanidin, a mixture of (+)-taxifolin and (+)-epitaxifolin are formed. The enzyme can also oxidize the formed (+)-taxifolin to quercetin (cf. EC 1.14.20.6, flavonol synthase) [2,3].
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Word Map
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
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Synonyms
anthocyanidin synthase, mdans, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase, ibans, anthocyanin synthase, gbans, rtldox, ans-1, ans-2, anthocyanidin synthase 1, more
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a (4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol + succinate + CO2 + H2O
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(1a)
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a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = an anthocyanidin + succinate + CO2 + 2 H2O
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a (4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol = an anthocyanidin + H2O
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(1b)
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