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Information on EC 1.14.19.1 - stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase and Organism(s) Bos taurus and UniProt Accession Q2KIA4
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1.14.19.1 stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturaseIUBMB Comments
An iron protein. The rat liver enzyme is an enzyme system involving cytochrome b5 and EC 1.6.2.2, cytochrome-b5 reductase. The ferricytochrome b5 produced is reduced by NADH and cytochrome-b5 reductase (EC 1.6.2.2).
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Word Map
- 1.14.19.1
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sickle
- cardiac
- children
- ventricular
- pain
- hemoglobin
- arrhythmia
-
vaso-occlusive
-
transfusion
- anemia
- infarct
- cardiomyopathy
- episode
- cardiovascular
- coronary
- myocardial
- artery
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stratification
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polyunsaturated
-
ejection
- hydroxyurea
- stroke
-
monounsaturated
- crises
- chest
-
defibrillator
-
desaturation
-
lipogenesis
-
arrhythmogenic
- tachycardia
- hemoglobinopathy
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all-cause
-
cardioverter
-
pufas
-
cardioverter-defibrillator
-
desaturases
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electrocardiogram
-
lipogenic
-
transfused
- pharmacology
- thalassemia
-
12-lead
-
palmitoleic
- agriculture
- tachyarrhythmias
-
caregiver
-
out-of-hospital
-
resynchronization
- medicine
-
transcranial
- syncope
- drug development
-
holter
-
alloimmunization
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Bos taurus
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
scd, stearoyl-coa desaturase, fatty acid desaturase, scd-1, stearoyl-coa desaturase 1, stearoyl-coa desaturase-1, stearoyl coa desaturase, stearoyl-coenzyme a desaturase, delta9-desaturase, delta9 desaturase, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
acyl coenzyme A desaturase
-
-
-
-
acyl-CoA desaturase
-
-
-
-
DELTA9-acyl CoA desaturase
-
-
-
-
DELTA9-desaturase
eicosatrienoyl-CoA desaturase
-
-
-
-
fatty acid 9-desaturase
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-
-
-
fatty acid DELTA9-desaturase
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-
-
-
fatty acid desaturase
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-
-
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fatty acyl CoA DELTA9-desaturase
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-
-
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fatty acyl DELTA9-desaturase
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-
-
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fatty acyl-CoA desaturase
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-
-
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long-chain fatty acid DELTA9-desaturase
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-
-
-
palmitoyl CoA desaturase
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-
-
-
palmitoyl-CoA desaturase
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-
-
-
SCD
SCD1
stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase
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-
-
-
stearoyl-CoA (DELTA8) desaturase
-
-
-
-
stearoyl-CoA desaturase
stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1
stearyl coenzyme A desaturase
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-
-
-
stearyl-CoA desaturase
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-
-
-
DELTA9-desaturase
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-
-
-
stearoyl-CoA desaturase
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-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
redox reaction
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-
-
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oxidation
-
-
-
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reduction
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-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
-
-, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
stearoyl-CoA,ferrocytochrome-b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (9,10-dehydrogenating)
An iron protein. The rat liver enzyme is an enzyme system involving cytochrome b5 and EC 1.6.2.2, cytochrome-b5 reductase. The ferricytochrome b5 produced is reduced by NADH and cytochrome-b5 reductase (EC 1.6.2.2).
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9014-34-0
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
palmitoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + NADPH + O2
palmitoleoyl-CoA + NADP+ + H2O
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Angus and American Wagyu steers, corn-fed steers for 8 mo (short-fed) or 16 mo (long-fed), and hay-fed steers fed for 12 mo (short-fed) and 20 mo (long-fed)
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
oleoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
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-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + H+ + O2
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
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-
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + NADH + O2
palmitoleoyl-CoA + NAD+ + H2O
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SCD activity of microsomal fraction
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-
?
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
rate-limiting enzyme involved in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme also produces cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and palmitoleoyl-CoA
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-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme also produces cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and palmitoleoyl-CoA
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme also produces cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and palmitoleoyl-CoA
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Angus and Wagyu steers consuming high-roughage diets exhibit large differences in adipose tissue fatty acid composition, but there are no differences in terminal measures of CD activity or gene expression, overview
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
palmitoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
oleoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Angus and Wagyu steers consuming high-roughage diets exhibit large differences in adipose tissue fatty acid composition, but there are no differences in terminal measures of CD activity or gene expression, overview
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
oleoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
rate-limiting enzyme involved in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, overview
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
administering CoEDTA, ytterbium acetate and chromium-mordanted straw decrease in milk cis-9 10:1/10:0, cis-9 12:1/12:0, cis-9 14:1/14:0, cis-9 16:1/16:0, cis-9 17:1/17:0, cis-9 18:1/18:0 and cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid/trans-11 18:1 concentration rations of 44.6,52.7, 58.7, 36.8, 37.2, 44.3 and 43.0%, cows are fed with incremental levels of fish oil
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additional information
-
Co2+ has a reducing effect on the DELTA9-desaturase indices [(product of DELTA9-desaturase)/(product of DELTA9-desaturase + substrate of DELTA9-desaturase)] of milk for myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, and rumenic acid, there are no differences in DELTA9-desaturase indices between Co2+-EDTA and Co2+-acetate
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
-
administering CoEDTA, ytterbium acetate and chromium-mordanted straw decrease in milk cis-9 10:1/10:0, cis-9 12:1/12:0, cis-9 14:1/14:0, cis-9 16:1/16:0, cis-9 17:1/17:0, cis-9 18:1/18:0 and cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid/trans-11 18:1 concentration rations of 44.6,52.7, 58.7, 36.8, 37.2, 44.3 and 43.0%, cowsare fed with incremental levels of fish oil
additional information
-
enzyme activities of 33 to 39 nmol/g tissue/7 min in subcutaneous adipose tissue, 61 to 89 nmol/g tissue/7 min in interfascicular adipose tissue, 118 to 141 nmol/g tissue/7 min in duodenal mucosal cells and 9 to 21 nmol/g tissue/7 min in liver of Angus steers fed with whole cottonseed or grain source, respectively
additional information
-
enzyme activity in interfascicular adipose tissue ranges from 14.4 to 23.9, in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 32.5 to 44.4, in duodenal mucosal cells from 4.34 to 5.29 and in liver from 0.342 to 0.786 nmol/mg protein/7 min under diets based on corn, flaxseed, sorghum or whole cotton seed, respectively
additional information
-
enzyme activity in interfascicular and subcutaneous adipose tissues, or in duodendal mucosal cells and liver is not affected by diets based on corn, flaxseed, sorghum or whole cottonseed
additional information
-
higher enzyme activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue from long-fed than in short-fed steers
additional information
-
SCD enzyme activities in interfascicular and subcutaneous adipose tissue, duodenal mucosal cells and liver are not affected by dietary whole cottonseed or grain source
additional information
-
Angus and Wagyu steers consuming high-roughage diets exhibit large differences in adipose tissue fatty acid composition, but there are no differences in terminal measures of SCD activity or gene expression
additional information
enzyme activity and fatty acid composition in response to different feeding conditions, overview, stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity in the s.c. adipose from the tail-head region do not differ among corn oil supplementation levels. Similarly, SCD mRNA level do not differ among oilsupplementation levels
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
5.5 - 9
-
pH 5.5: about 80% of maximum activity, pH 9.0: about 45% of maximum activity
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
specific high expression level of isozyme SCD5, equally distributed between white and gray matter
the level of SCD protein expression in cumulus cells does not change when cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) are exposed to saturated stearic acid during maturation
additional information
-
subcutaneous, gene expression very low in tissue from the short-fed steers fed the corn-based diet
-
Angus and Wagyu steers consuming high-roughage diets exhibit large differences in adipose tissue fatty acid composition, but there are no differences in terminal measures of SCD activity or gene expression
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
chemical SCD1 inhibition in the presence of stearic acid results in a significant induction of apoptosis in cumulus cells of matured cumulus-oocyte complexes. SCD1 inhibition does not affect the levels of palmitic acid and its desaturated form, palmitoleic acid
physiological function
cumulus cells can desaturate the potentially toxic stearic acid into oleic acid via stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity, cumulus cells protect the oocyte against toxicity by saturated fatty acids. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 activity is related with increased lipid storage in cumulus cells. The level of SCD protein expression in cumulus cells does not change when cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) are exposed to saturated stearic acid during maturation
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). SCD5_BOVIN
335
4
38215
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-30°C, freeze-dried microsomal preparation, 12 months stable, activity is retained
-
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene SCD5, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic tree, sequence comparisons with other isozymes and enzymes from other organisms, overview
gene SCD1, phylogenetic tree, sequence comparisons with other isozymes and enzymes from other organisms, overview
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
agriculture
-
higher enzymic acitivity in Jersey-sired cattle than in Limousin-sired cattle, positive relationship between adipose tissue beta-carotene and desaturation
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
McDonald, T.M.; Kinsella, J.E.
Stearyl-CoA desaturase of bovine mammary microsomes
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
156
223-231
1973
Bos taurus
Siebert, B.D.; Pitchford, W.S.; Kruk, Z.A.; Kuchel, H.; Deland, M.P.; Bottema, C.D.
Differences in DELTA9 desaturase activity between Jersey- and Limousin-sired cattle
Lipids
38
539-543
2003
Bos taurus
Archibeque, S.L.; Lunt, D.K.; Gilbert, C.D.; Tume, R.K.; Smith, S.B.
Fatty acid indices of stearoyl-CoA desaturase do not reflect actual stearoyl-CoA desaturase enzyme activities in adipose tissues of beef steers finished with corn-, flaxseed-, or sorghum-based diets
J. Anim. Sci.
83
1153-1166
2005
Bos taurus
Chung, K.Y.; Lunt, D.K.; Kawachi, H.; Yano, H.; Smith, S.B.
Lipogenesis and stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene expression and enzyme activity in adipose tissue of short- and long-fed Angus and Wagyu steers fed corn- or hay-based diets
J. Anim. Sci.
85
380-387
2007
Bos taurus
Shingfield, K.J.; Toivonen, V.; Vanhatalo, A.; Huhtanen, P.; Griinari, J.M.
Short communication: indigestible markers reduce the mammary DELTA9-desaturase index and alter the milk fatty acid composition in cows
J. Dairy Sci.
89
3006-3010
2006
Bos taurus
Pavan, E.; Duckett, S.K.
Corn oil supplementation to steers grazing endophyte-free tall fescue. II. Effects on longissimus muscle and subcutaneous adipose fatty acid composition and stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity and expression
J. Anim. Sci.
85
1731-1740
2007
Bos taurus (Q9TT94)
Lengi, A.J.; Corl, B.A.
Identification and characterization of a novel bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase isoform with homology to human SCD5
Lipids
42
499-508
2007
Bos taurus (Q2KIA4), Bos taurus (Q9TT94), Bos taurus
Taugbol, O.; Karlengen, I.J.; Bolstad, T.; Aastveit, A.H.; Harstad, O.M.
Cobalt supplied per os reduces the mammary DELTA9-desaturase index of bovine milk
J. Anim. Sci.
86
3062-3068
2008
Bos taurus
Soyeurt, H.; Dehareng, F.; Mayeres, P.; Bertozzi, C.; Gengler, N.
Variation of DELTA9-desaturase activity in dairy cattle
J. Dairy Sci.
91
3211-3224
2008
Bos taurus
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