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Information on EC 1.14.16.4 - tryptophan 5-monooxygenase
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EC Tree
1.14.16.4 tryptophan 5-monooxygenaseIUBMB Comments
The active centre contains mononuclear iron(II). The enzyme is activated by phosphorylation, catalysed by a Ca2+-activated protein kinase. The 4a-hydroxytetrahydropteridine formed can dehydrate to 6,7-dihydropteridine, both spontaneously and by the action of EC 4.2.1.96, 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase. The 6,7-dihydropteridine must be enzymically reduced back to tetrahydropteridine, by EC 1.5.1.34, 6,7-dihydropteridine reductase, before it slowly rearranges into the more stable but inactive compound 7,8-dihydropteridine.
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Word Map
- 1.14.16.4
- serotonin
-
serotonergic
-
raphe
- 5-hydroxytryptamine
-
monoamine
-
dorsal
- dopamine
-
neurotransmitter
- hippocampus
-
antidepressant
-
reuptake
- 5-hydroxytryptophan
-
anxiety
-
psychiatric
- midbrain
- striatum
- hypothalamus
-
neurochemical
-
5-hydroxyindoleacetic
-
mood
-
enterochromaffin
-
neurotransmission
-
5-hiaa
- p-chlorophenylalanine
- fluoxetine
-
pineal
- brainstem
- alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine
-
monoaminergic
-
5,7-dihydroxytryptamine
- analysis
- methamphetamine
-
autoreceptors
-
slc6a4
-
immobility
- pargyline
- n-acetylserotonin
- neostriatal
-
5-httlpr
- medicine
- citalopram
-
antidepressant-like
- carcinoid
- biopterins
-
impulsivity
-
oxidase-a
- tetrahydropterins
- fenfluramine
-
impulsive
-
8-oh-dpat
- 5-hydroxyindole
- drug development
- 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
+
+
=
+
+
+
=
+
a 4a-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine
Synonyms
tryptophan hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylase 2, tryptophan hydroxylase 1, tph-1, tryptophan hydroxylase-2, tryptophan hydroxylase-1, tph-2, tryptophan-5-hydroxylase, tryptophan 5-monooxygenase, htph2, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
indoleacetic acid-5-hydroxylase
-
-
-
-
L-tryptophan hydroxylase
-
-
-
-
oxygenase, tryptophan 5-mono-
-
-
-
-
TPH
TPH-1
TPH-2
TPH1
TPH2
TRpOH
tryptophan 5-hydroxylase
-
-
-
-
tryptophan hydroxylase
tryptophan hydroxylase 1
tryptophan hydroxylase 2
tryptophan hydroxylase type I
tryptophan hydroxylase-1
tryptophan hydroxylase-2
TPH2
-
-
TPH2
-
tryptophan hydroxylase
-
-
-
-
tryptophan hydroxylase 2
-
-
tryptophan hydroxylase 2
-
tryptophan hydroxylase-2
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
L-tryptophan + a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + a 4a-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine
L-tryptophan + a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + a 4a-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine
hydroxylation regiospecificity
-
L-tryptophan + a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + a 4a-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine
phenylalanine hydroxylase, EC 1.14.16.1 also catalyzes this reaction
-
L-tryptophan + a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + a 4a-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
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-
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redox reaction
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reduction
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-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating)
The active centre contains mononuclear iron(II). The enzyme is activated by phosphorylation, catalysed by a Ca2+-activated protein kinase. The 4a-hydroxytetrahydropteridine formed can dehydrate to 6,7-dihydropteridine, both spontaneously and by the action of EC 4.2.1.96, 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase. The 6,7-dihydropteridine must be enzymically reduced back to tetrahydropteridine, by EC 1.5.1.34, 6,7-dihydropteridine reductase, before it slowly rearranges into the more stable but inactive compound 7,8-dihydropteridine.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9037-21-2
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-azaisotryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-2-azaisotryptophan + 6-hydroxy-2-azaisotryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
-
?
4-azatryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-4-azatryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
-
?
4-methyltryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-4-methyltryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
-
?
5-methyltryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxymethyltryptophan + 5-hydroxy-4-methyltryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
more than 99% 5-hydroxymethyltryptophan
?
6-azatryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-6-azatryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
-
?
6-methyltryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-6-methyltryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
-
?
7-azatryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-7-azatryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
-
?
7-methyltryptophan + 6-methyltetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-7-methyltryptophan + 6-methyldihydropterin + H2O
-
recombinant N- and C-terminal truncated enzyme
-
?
L-methionine + ? + O2
?
-
relative high activity with pronase-treated PTMO
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine + (7R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterine + O2
L-tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
L-tyrosine + dihydropterin + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydropteridine + O2
L-tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
purified PTMO shows no activity, relative high activity with pronase-treated PTMO
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-tetrahydropterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-4a-hydroxytetrahydropterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydropteridine + O2
tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
at a comparable rate of L-tryptophan hydroxylation
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydropteridine + O2
tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydropteridine + O2
tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
at a comparable rate of L-tryptophan hydroxylation
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydropteridine + O2
tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydropteridine + O2
tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
28.8% of the rate observed with L-tryptophan
-
?
L-phenylalanine + tetrahydropteridine + O2
tyrosine + dihydropteridine + H2O
-
tryptophan hydroxylase form I, 39% of activity with L-tryptophan
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erytho-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + ?
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erytho-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + ?
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
over 300 single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified and are associated with symptoms ranging from mild hyperphenylalaninemia to severe phenylketonuria
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
1.3fold activity compared to the human tryptophan hydroxylase 2
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
L-tryptophan + 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
L-tryptophan + 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
L-tryptophan + 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropteridine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
L-tryptophan + 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropteridine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 6-methyl-4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin synthesis
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
the enzyme is required for serotonin, i.e. 5-hydroxytryptamine, biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
first and rate-determining step in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
brain-specific isozyme TPH2 is the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis, a truncated enzyme version occurs in brain tissues being the cause of impaired serotonin transmission
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
differences in the regulation of isozyme TPH2 versus isozyme TPH1, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
first and rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
low tryptophan levels are associated with depression and may arise because of stress, the hypothalamic and peripheral serotonin, i.e.5-hydroxytryptamine-system has a significant role in appetite regulation, possibly a homeostatic mechanism in regulating peripheral TRP levels, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of serotonin, regulation of isozymes TPH1 and TPH2, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
rate-limiting step in the synthesis of serotonin
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
the enzyme is rate limiting in serotonin biosynthesis and important in serotonergic neurotransmission, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
the enzyme is rate-limiting in neuronal serotonin biosynthesis, disturbances of the central serotonergic system, due to genetic variations in the TPH2 gene, are involved in the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence and suicidal behavior
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
the enzyme is rate-limiting in serotonin biosynthesis, deficient levels of serotonin are associated with suicide and depression
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
the enzyme is responsible for serotonin biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH catalyzes the first step and rate-limiting reaction in the biosynthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine, i.e. serotonin, and plays a role in brain development, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
TPH is rate-limiting in serotonin biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH is rate-limiting in serotonin biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
TPH is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine, i.e. serotonin, possible involvement of the TPH1 218A allele in susceptibility to schizophrenia, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH1 is the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH2 control 5-hydroxytryptamine, i.e. serotonin, biosynthesis and its deficiency is involved in affective disorders, pathophysiological mechanism, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH2 is involved in serotonin biosynthesis, which is involved in behavioural processes, e.g. working memory, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH2 is rate-limiting in serotonin, i.e. 5-hydroxytryptamine, biosynthesis, serotonin is involved in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders including major depression, MD, overview
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH2 is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the serotonin biosynthetic pathway
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH2 is the rate-limiting enzyme during 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis in the brain
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
TPH2 is the rate-limiting enzyme in brain serotonin/5-hydroxytryptamine biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
TPH2 is the rate-limiting enzyme in raphe serotonin biosynthesis, and polymorphisms of TPH2 are implicated in vulnerability to psychiatric disorders
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
-
?
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
the enzyme is involved in neuronal serotonin, i.e. 5-hydroxytryptamine, biosynthesis, genetic variance is associated with numerous behavioral traits and psychiatric disorders
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L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin
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