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Information on EC 1.14.14.24 - vitamin D 25-hydroxylase
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1.14.14.24 vitamin D 25-hydroxylaseIUBMB Comments
A microsomal enzyme isolated from human and mouse liver that bioactivates vitamin D3. While multiple isoforms (CYP27A1, CYP2J2/3, CYP3A4, CYP2D25 and CYP2C11) are able to catalyse the reaction in vitro, only CYP2R1 is thought to catalyse the reaction in humans in vivo . The direct electron donor to the enzyme is EC 1.6.2.4, NADPH---hemoprotein reductase.
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Word Map
- 1.14.14.24
-
25-hydroxyvitamin
- cyp27b1
- cyp2j2
-
arachidonic
-
25-hydroxylation
-
epoxyeicosatrienoic
- epoxygenase
- rickets
-
d-related
-
male-specific
- 7-dehydrocholesterol
- cholecalciferol
- astemizole
- ebastine
- terfenadine
-
d-associated
- medicine
-
1alpha-hydroxylation
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
cyp2r1, cyp2j3, vitamin d 25-hydroxylase, cytochrome p450 2c11, cytochrome p450 2j2, cyp2d25, vitamin d-25-hydroxylase, cytochrome p450 2r1, cytochrome p450 2j3, vitamin d2 25-hydroxylase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
CYP2R1
-
-
-
-
CYP2R1
cytochrome P450 2R1
EC 1.14.13.159
-
-
formerly
-
VDH
vitamin D 25-hydroxylase
vitamin D2 25-hydroxylase
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-
-
-
vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase
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-
-
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vitamin D3 hydroxylase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
calciol,NADPH-hemoprotein reductase:oxygen oxidoreductase (25-hydroxylating)
A microsomal enzyme isolated from human and mouse liver that bioactivates vitamin D3. While multiple isoforms (CYP27A1, CYP2J2/3, CYP3A4, CYP2D25 and CYP2C11) are able to catalyse the reaction in vitro, only CYP2R1 is thought to catalyse the reaction in humans in vivo [4]. The direct electron donor to the enzyme is EC 1.6.2.4, NADPH---hemoprotein reductase.
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H+
1alpha,25,26-trihydroxyvitamin D2 + [oxidized NADPHhemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H+
1alpha,25,26-trihydroxyvitamin D3 + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D2 + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D2 + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D3 + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
additional product: 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
-
?
calciferol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
25-hydroxy-vitamin D2 + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
enzyme CYP2R1 hydroxylates vitamin D2 at position C-25 position
-
-
?
calciferol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
25-hydroxyergocalciferol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
enzyme CYP2R1 hydroxylates vitamin D2 at position C-25 position
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
cholecalciferol + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxycholecalciferol + NADP+ + H2O
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at about 20% of the rate with 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol
-
-
?
ebastin + O2 + NADPH + H+
? + NADP+ + H2O
histamine H1-recepter antagonist
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D2 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D2 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
enzyme CYP2R1 hydroxylates vitamin D3 at position C-25 position
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
enzyme CYP2R1 hydroxylates vitamin D3 at position C-25 position
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-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
the microsomal enzyme CYP2R1 catalyzes C-25 hydroxylation of vitamin D3 to an active vitamin D receptor ligand in the liver and other organs
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-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
calciol i.e. cholecalciferol i.e. vitamin D3. Calcidiol i.e. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
?
vitamin D2 + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxyvitamin D2 + NADP+ + H2O
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-
-
?
vitamin D2 + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxyvitamin D2 + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
vitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
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major products are 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and 1alpha, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, plus minor amounts of 26-hydroxy-vitamin D3
-
?
vitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
1alpha, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
major products are 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and 1alpha, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, plus minor amounts of 26-hydroxy-vitamin D3
-
?
vitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
major products are 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and 1alpha, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, plus minor amounts of 26-hydroxy-vitamin D3. Data indicate that Vdh first hydroxylates the C-25 position of vitamion D3 and subsequently hydroxylates the C1alpha position of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3
-
?
vitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
-
major products are 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and 1alpha, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, plus minor amounts of 26-hydroxy-vitamin D3. Data indicate that Vdh first hydroxylates the C-25 position of vitamion D3 and subsequently hydroxylates the C1alpha position of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3
-
?
vitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
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-
-
?
vitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
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-
-
?
vitamin D3 + O2 + NADPH + H+
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 + NADP+ + H2O
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-
plus some 26-hydroxyvitamin D3
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?
additional information
?
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-
CYP2R1 shows no detectable 1alpha-hydroxylation activity
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-
?
additional information
?
-
no substrates: 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol
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-
?
additional information
?
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no substrates: benzphetamine, 7-ethoxycoumarin, and benzo[a]pyrene
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-
?
additional information
?
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the descending order of 25-hydroxylation by CYP2C11 is 1-hydroxyvitamin D3, 1-hydroxyvitamin D2, vitamin D, vitamin D3. 24-Hydroxylation of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 is very low and does not occur with 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D2
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-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
calciferol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
25-hydroxy-vitamin D2 + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
enzyme CYP2R1 hydroxylates vitamin D2 at position C-25 position
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
enzyme CYP2R1 hydroxylates vitamin D3 at position C-25 position
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
enzyme CYP2R1 hydroxylates vitamin D3 at position C-25 position
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
the microsomal enzyme CYP2R1 catalyzes C-25 hydroxylation of vitamin D3 to an active vitamin D receptor ligand in the liver and other organs
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
?
calciol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
calcidiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
activity is completely lost when the electron-transferring system is replaced by that of microsomes, i.e. NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase purified from rat liver microsomes. The omission of cytochrome P-450, adrenodoxin, or NADPH-adrenodoxin reductase results in complete loss of enzyme activity
-
heme
-
addition of NAD+ in presence of 1alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D2 to CYP2R1 induces a typical type I spectrum, indicating a change of the heme iron of CYP2R1 from a low-spin state to a high-spin state
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Iron
-
addition of NAD+ in presence of 1alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D2 to CYP2R1 induces a typical type I spectrum, indicating a change of the heme iron of CYP2R1 from a low-spin state to a high-spin state
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
not inhibitory: aminoglutethimide. The enzyme activity was markedly inhibited in an atmosphere of CO:Os:Nz, 40:20:40
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
partially methylated beta-cyclodextrin
activity increases approximately 10fold when partially methylated beta-cyclodextrin is present in the reaction at a final concentration of 0.05%
-
additional information
-
stimulation by addition of cytosolic protein, which remains after boiling the cytosolic protein
-
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Abortion, Spontaneous
SNP rs12794714 of CYP2R1 is associated with serum vitamin D levels and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA): a case-control study.
Adenocarcinoma
Strategies and limitations associated with in vitro characterization of vitamin D receptor activators.
Adenoma
Vitamin D Receptor Genotype, Vitamin D3 Supplementation, and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Asthma
Association of T-regulatory cells and CD23/CD21 expression with vitamin D in children with asthma.
Asthma
Associations Between Genetic Variants in Vitamin D Metabolism and Asthma Characteristics in Young African Americans: A Pilot Study.
Asthma
Associations of Genetic Polymorphisms Relevant to Metabolic Pathway of Vitamin D3 with Development and Prognosis of Childhood Bronchial Asthma.
Asthma
Asthma families show transmission disequilibrium of gene variants in the vitamin D metabolism and signalling pathway.
Asthma
Childhood asthma and spirometric indices are associated with polymorphic markers of two vitamin D 25-hydroxylase genes.
Autoimmune Diseases
Polymorphisms in genetics of vitamin D metabolism confer susceptibility to ocular Behçet disease in a Chinese Han population.
Autoimmune Diseases
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the vitamin D pathway associating with circulating concentrations of vitamin D metabolites and non-skeletal health outcomes: Review of genetic association studies.
Brain Diseases
Genetic variants underlying vitamin D metabolism and VDR-TGF?-1-SMAD3 interaction may impact on HCV progression: a study based on dbGaP data from the HALT-C study.
Brain Injuries
A novel role for P450 eicosanoids in the neurogenic control of cerebral blood flow.
Brain Ischemia
Cytochrome P450 2J2 is protective against global cerebral ischemia in transgenic mice.
Carcinoma
1?,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Modulates CYP2R1 Gene Expression in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumor Cells.
Carcinoma
Cytochrome P450 2J2 promotes the neoplastic phenotype of carcinoma cells and is up-regulated in human tumors.
Carcinoma
Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2J2 by tanshinone IIA induces apoptotic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.
Carcinoma, Endometrioid
Role of local bioactivation of vitamin D by CYP27A1 and CYP2R1 in the control of cell growth in normal endometrium and endometrial carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
CYP2J2 promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by increasing the EETs production to improve HIF-1? stability.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Genetic variants underlying vitamin D metabolism and VDR-TGF?-1-SMAD3 interaction may impact on HCV progression: a study based on dbGaP data from the HALT-C study.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2J2 by tanshinone IIA induces apoptotic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Role of cytochrome P450 2J2 on cell proliferation and resistance to an anticancer agent in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Role of VDR, GC, and CYP2R1 Polymorphisms in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
Vitamin D hydroxylases CYP2R1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 in renal cell carcinoma.
Cardiomegaly
Alterations in cytochrome P450-derived arachidonic acid metabolism during pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Cardiomegaly
Naringenin exhibits the protective effect on cardiac hypertrophy via EETs-PPARs activation in streptozocin-induced diabetic mice.
Cardiomegaly
Ophiopogonin D alleviates cardiac hypertrophy in rat by upregulating CYP2J3 in vitro and suppressing inflammation in vivo.
Cardiovascular Diseases
Association between polymorphisms of CYP2J2 and EPHX2 genes and risk of coronary artery disease.
Cardiovascular Diseases
Ophiopogonin D maintains Ca(2+) homeostasis in rat cardiomyocytes in vitro by upregulating CYP2J3/EETs and suppressing ER stress.
Chlamydia Infections
Specific polymorphisms in the vitamin D metabolism pathway are not associated with susceptibility to Chlamydia trachomatis infection in humans.
Cholestasis
Hepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Role of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and functions in development of ulcerative colitis.
Colonic Neoplasms
Association of common gene variants in vitamin D modulating genes and colon cancer recurrence.
Colonic Neoplasms
Genetic Predictors of Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Colorectal Cancer.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Association of Polymorphisms in Vitamin D-Metabolizing Enzymes DHCR7 and CYP2R1 with Cancer Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Associations between common polymorphisms in CYP2R1 and GC, Vitamin D intake and risk of colorectal cancer in a prospective case-cohort study in Danes.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Characterisation of the oxysterol metabolising enzyme pathway in mismatch repair proficient and deficient colorectal cancer.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Dysregulation of vitamin D synthesis pathway genes in colorectal cancer: A case-control study.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Genetic Predictors of Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Colorectal Cancer.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Lack of associations between Vitamin D metabolism-related gene variants and risk of colorectal cancer.
Coronary Artery Disease
Triangular relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CYP2R1 gene (rs10741657 and rs12794714), 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels, and coronary artery disease incidence.
COVID-19
Association of Vitamin D, Zinc and Selenium Related Genetic Variants With COVID-19 Disease Severity.
Diabetes Mellitus
Cytochrome P450 2J2 polymorphism in healthy Caucasians and those with diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A rare haplotype of the vitamin D receptor gene is protective against diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
CYP2R1 (vitamin D 25-hydroxylase) gene is associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and vitamin D levels in Germans.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
CYP2R1-, CYP27B1- and CYP24-mRNA expression in German type 1 diabetes patients.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Inherited Variation in Vitamin D Genes Is Associated With Predisposition to Autoimmune Disease Type 1 Diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Synergism of CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Egyptian children.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Vitamin D level and gene polymorphisms in Korean children with type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Vitamin D Pathway Genetic Variation and Type 1 Diabetes: A Case-Control Association Study.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
[Vitamin D3 availability and functional activity of peripheral blood phagocytes in experimental type 1 diabetes].
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and incident type 2 diabetes: a mendelian randomisation study.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Evaluation of the Associations of GC and CYP2R1 Genes and Gene-Obesity Interactions with Type 2 Diabetes Risk in a Chinese Rural Population.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes: Genetic Susceptibility and the Response to Supplementation.
Diabetes, Gestational
Gestational diabetes mellitus and vitamin D deficiency: genetic contribution of CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 polymorphisms.
Diabetes, Gestational
Variants in Vitamin D Binding Protein Gene Are Associated With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
Encephalomyelitis
Development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice requires vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice requires vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor.
Endometrial Neoplasms
Role of local bioactivation of vitamin D by CYP27A1 and CYP2R1 in the control of cell growth in normal endometrium and endometrial carcinoma.
Endometriosis
Relative expression of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor, vitamin D 1 alpha-hydroxylase, vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, and vitamin D 25-hydroxylase in endometriosis and gynecologic cancers.
Endometritis
Genomic breeding values, SNP effects and gene identification for disease traits in cow training sets.
Essential Hypertension
A common polymorphism G-50T in cytochrome P450 2J2 gene is associated with increased risk of essential hypertension in a Russian population.
Essential Hypertension
A comprehensive study revealed SNP-SNP interactions and a sex-dependent relationship between polymorphisms of the CYP2J2 gene and hypertension risk.
Fatty Liver
Association between Subclinical Low Serum 25(OH)D in Donors and Fatty Liver Disease in Recipients after Living Donor Liver Transplantation.
Fatty Liver
Effects of Gene Variants Controlling Vitamin D Metabolism and Serum Levels on Hepatic Steatosis.
Fatty Liver
Genetic Polymorphism of Vitamin D Family Genes CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 Are Associated With a High Risk of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study.
Genetic Diseases, Inborn
Genetic evidence that the human CYP2R1 enzyme is a key vitamin D 25-hydroxylase.
Genetic Diseases, Inborn
Prolonged 25-OH Vitamin D Deficiency Does Not Impair Bone Mineral Density in Adult Patients With Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency (CYP2R1).
Graves Disease
The functional polymorphisms of VDR, GC and CYP2R1 are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Hashimoto Disease
The functional polymorphisms of VDR, GC and CYP2R1 are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Heart Failure
Endothelium-specific CYP2J2 overexpression improves cardiac dysfunction by promoting angiogenesis via Jagged1/Notch1 signaling.
Heart Failure
Ophiopogonin D Increases SERCA2a Interaction with Phospholamban by Promoting CYP2J3 Upregulation.
Hematologic Neoplasms
Cytochrome P450 2J2, a new key enzyme in cyclophosphamide bioactivation and a potential biomarker for hematological malignancies.
Hepatitis
Antigenic targets in tienilic acid hepatitis. Both cytochrome P450 2C11 and 2C11-tienilic acid adducts are transported to the plasma membrane of rat hepatocytes and recognized by human sera.
Hepatitis
Liver VDR, CYP2R1 and CYP27A1 expression: Relationship with liver histology and vitamin D3 levels in patients with NASH or HCV hepatitis.
Hepatitis B, Chronic
Genetic variation in the vitamin D pathway CYP2R1 gene predicts sustained HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon: A multicenter study.
Hepatitis C
Impact of CYP2R1, CYP27A1 and CYP27B1 genetic polymorphisms controlling vitamin D metabolism on susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection in a high-risk Chinese population.
Hepatitis C
Role of VDR, GC, and CYP2R1 Polymorphisms in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients.
Hypercalcemia
Vitamin D: Metabolism, Molecular Mechanism of Action, and Pleiotropic Effects.
Hypercholesterolemia
High Fat Diet and High Cholesterol Diet Reduce Hepatic Vitamin D-25-Hydroxylase Expression and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Level through Elevating Circulating Cholesterol, Glucose, and Insulin Levels.
Hyperglycemia
High Fat Diet and High Cholesterol Diet Reduce Hepatic Vitamin D-25-Hydroxylase Expression and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Level through Elevating Circulating Cholesterol, Glucose, and Insulin Levels.
Hyperlipidemias
CYP2J2 overexpression ameliorates hyperlipidemia via increased fatty acid oxidation mediated by the AMPK pathway.
Hypertension
Associations of genetic polymorphisms of the vitamin D pathway with blood pressure in a Han Chinese population.
Hypertension
CYP2J2 -50 G/T and ADRB2 G46A Gene Polymorphisms in Saudi Subjects with Hypertension.
Hypertension
CYP2J3 Gene Delivery Reduces Insulin Resistance via Upregulation of eNOS in Fructose-treated Rats.
Hypertension
Increased CYP2J3 expression reduces insulin resistance in fructose-treated rats and db/db mice.
Hypertriglyceridemia
High Fat Diet and High Cholesterol Diet Reduce Hepatic Vitamin D-25-Hydroxylase Expression and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Level through Elevating Circulating Cholesterol, Glucose, and Insulin Levels.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Hyperbaric oxygenation and 20-HETE inhibition reduce stroke volume in female diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats.
Infections
Altered decidual and placental catabolism of vitamin D may contribute to the aetiology of spontaneous miscarriage.
Infections
Genetic variation in the vitamin D pathway CYP2R1 gene predicts sustained HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon: A multicenter study.
Infections
Impact of CYP2R1, CYP27A1 and CYP27B1 genetic polymorphisms controlling vitamin D metabolism on susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection in a high-risk Chinese population.
Infections
Vitamin D-related gene polymorphism predict treatment response to pegylated interferon-based therapy in Thai chronic hepatitis C patients.
Insulin Resistance
CYP2J3 Gene Delivery Reduces Insulin Resistance via Upregulation of eNOS in Fructose-treated Rats.
Insulin Resistance
CYP2J3 Gene Delivery Up-regulated Adiponectin Expression via Reduced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Adipocytes.
Insulin Resistance
Increased CYP2J3 expression reduces insulin resistance in fructose-treated rats and db/db mice.
Ischemic Stroke
Genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D3 metabolizing CYP24A1 and CYP2R1 enzymes in Turkish patients with ischemic stroke.
Ischemic Stroke
Genetic variation in cytochrome P450 2J2 and soluble epoxide hydrolase and risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese population.
Kidney Failure, Chronic
A rare haplotype of the vitamin D receptor gene is protective against diabetic nephropathy.
Liver Cirrhosis
Association of vitamin D serum levels and its common genetic determinants, with severity of liver fibrosis in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients.
Liver Diseases
Association between Subclinical Low Serum 25(OH)D in Donors and Fatty Liver Disease in Recipients after Living Donor Liver Transplantation.
Liver Diseases
Genetic Polymorphism of Vitamin D Family Genes CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 Are Associated With a High Risk of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study.
Lung Neoplasms
No Association of Vitamin D Pathway Genetic Variants with Cancer Risks in a Population-Based Cohort of German Older Adults.
Mastitis
Genomic breeding values, SNP effects and gene identification for disease traits in cow training sets.
Melanoma
Antiproliferative Activity of Non-Calcemic Vitamin D Analogs on Human Melanoma Lines in Relation to VDR and PDIA3 Receptors.
Melanoma
Differential biological effects of 1,25-dihydroxyVitamin D3 on melanoma cell lines in vitro.
Melanoma
In vitro comparison of the vitamin D endocrine system in 1,25(OH)2D3-responsive and -resistant melanoma cells.
Multiple Sclerosis
Association between age at onset of multiple sclerosis and vitamin D level-related factors.
Multiple Sclerosis
Development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice requires vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor.
Multiple Sclerosis
Low-Frequency Synonymous Coding Variation in CYP2R1 Has Large Effects on Vitamin D Levels and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis.
Myocardial Infarction
Genetic Variants of CYP2R1 Are Key Regulators of Serum Vitamin D Levels and Incidence of Myocardial Infarction in Middle-Aged Egyptians.
Neoplasms
1?,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Modulates CYP2R1 Gene Expression in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumor Cells.
Neoplasms
Activation of ALDH1A1 in MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells that over-express CYP2J2 protects against paclitaxel-dependent cell death mediated by reactive oxygen species.
Neoplasms
Association between Vitamin D Genetic Risk Score and Cancer Risk in a Large Cohort of U.S. Women.
Neoplasms
Association of Polymorphisms in Vitamin D-Metabolizing Enzymes DHCR7 and CYP2R1 with Cancer Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Neoplasms
CYP2J2 is highly expressed in hematologic malignant diseases and promotes tumor cell growth.
Neoplasms
Cytochrome P450 2J2 promotes the neoplastic phenotype of carcinoma cells and is up-regulated in human tumors.
Neoplasms
Differential Expression of Prostaglandin I2 Synthase Associated with Arachidonic Acid Pathway in the Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Neoplasms
Expression of the vitamin D receptor, 25-hydroxylases, 1alpha-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase in the human kidney and renal clear cell cancer.
Neoplasms
Gene expression of vitamin D metabolic enzymes at baseline and in response to vitamin D treatment in thyroid cancer cell lines.
Neoplasms
Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2J2 by tanshinone IIA induces apoptotic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.
Neoplasms
No Association of Vitamin D Pathway Genetic Variants with Cancer Risks in a Population-Based Cohort of German Older Adults.
Neoplasms
Plant natural product plumbagin presents potent inhibitory effect on human cytochrome P450 2J2 enzyme.
Neoplasms
Relative expression of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor, vitamin D 1 alpha-hydroxylase, vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, and vitamin D 25-hydroxylase in endometriosis and gynecologic cancers.
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Neuroinflammation is able to downregulate cytochrome P450 epoxygenases 2J3 and 2C11 in the rat brain.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Association of vitamin D levels and vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms with liver fibrosis in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Genetic Polymorphism of Vitamin D Family Genes CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 Are Associated With a High Risk of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study.
Obesity
Effects of Gene Variants Controlling Vitamin D Metabolism and Serum Levels on Hepatic Steatosis.
Obesity
Evaluation of the Associations of GC and CYP2R1 Genes and Gene-Obesity Interactions with Type 2 Diabetes Risk in a Chinese Rural Population.
Obesity
Obesity Decreases Hepatic 25-Hydroxylase Activity Causing Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D.
Obesity
Obesity Represses CYP2R1, the Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase, in the Liver and Extrahepatic Tissues.
Obesity
Serum 25OHD3 of Obese Mice Is Affected by Liver Injury and Correlates with Testosterone Levels and Sperm Motility.
Oligospermia
Bone mineral density and testicular failure: evidence for a role of vitamin d 25-hydroxylase in human testis.
Ovarian Neoplasms
Profiling cytochrome P450 expression in ovarian cancer: identification of prognostic markers.
Overweight
CYP2R1 polymorphisms are important modulators of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in elderly females with vitamin insufficiency, but not of the response to vitamin D supplementation.
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Genetic variants in vitamin d pathway genes and risk of pancreas cancer; results from a population-based case-control study in ontario, Canada.
Parkinson Disease
Genetic variants of vitamin D metabolism-related DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and CYP2R1 gene are associated with clinical features of Parkinson's disease.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Association of VDBP and CYP2R1 gene polymorphisms with vitamin D status in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a north Indian study.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Genetic Variation in the Vitamin D Pathway in Relation to Risk of Prostate Cancer - Results from the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3).
Prostatic Neoplasms
The roles of cytochrome P450 enzymes in prostate cancer development and treatment.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Vitamin D Pathway and Other Related Polymorphisms and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Results from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.
Reperfusion Injury
Higher Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids in Cardiomyocytes-Specific CYP2J2 Transgenic Mice Are Associated with Improved Myocardial Remodeling.
Rhinitis, Allergic
Association of VDR and CYP2R1 Polymorphisms with Mite-Sensitized Persistent Allergic Rhinitis in a Chinese Population.
Rickets
A genetic variant of CYP2R1 identified in a cat with type 1B vitamin D-dependent rickets: a case report.
Rickets
Absence of Mutation in Coding Regions of CYP2R1 Gene in Apparent Autosomal Dominant Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency Rickets.
Rickets
Bone mineral density and testicular failure: evidence for a role of vitamin d 25-hydroxylase in human testis.
Rickets
CYP2R1 Mutations Impair Generation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Cause an Atypical Form of Vitamin D Deficiency.
Rickets
Genetic Expression Profile of Vitamin D Metabolizing Enzymes in the First Trimester.
Rickets
Mutation of the CYP2R1 Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase in a Saudi Arabian Family with Severe Vitamin D Deficiency.
Rickets
Prolonged 25-OH Vitamin D Deficiency Does Not Impair Bone Mineral Density in Adult Patients With Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency (CYP2R1).
Rickets
Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets Type 1B (25-Hydroxylase Deficiency): A Rare Condition or a Misdiagnosed Condition?
Sarcoidosis
Genes and metabolic pathway of sarcoidosis: identification of key players and risk modifiers.
Spondylitis, Ankylosing
Polymorphisms in genetics of vitamin D metabolism confer susceptibility to ocular Behçet disease in a Chinese Han population.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
1?,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Modulates CYP2R1 Gene Expression in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumor Cells.
Stroke
Genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D3 metabolizing CYP24A1 and CYP2R1 enzymes in Turkish patients with ischemic stroke.
Stroke
Hypoxic preconditioning and tolerance via hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1alpha-linked induction of P450 2C11 epoxygenase in astrocytes.
Testicular Neoplasms
Altered bone status in unilateral testicular cancer survivors: role of CYP2R1 and its LH-dependency.
Thyroid Diseases
The functional polymorphisms of VDR, GC and CYP2R1 are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Tuberculosis
Vitamin D deficiency associates with susceptibility to tuberculosis in Pakistan, but polymorphisms in VDR, DBP and CYP2R1 do not.
Uveitis
Polymorphisms in genetics of vitamin D metabolism confer susceptibility to ocular Behçet disease in a Chinese Han population.
Uveitis, Anterior
Polymorphisms in genetics of vitamin D metabolism confer susceptibility to ocular Behçet disease in a Chinese Han population.
Virus Diseases
Impact of CYP2R1, CYP27A1 and CYP27B1 genetic polymorphisms controlling vitamin D metabolism on susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection in a high-risk Chinese population.
Vitamin A Deficiency
Suppression of the constitutive microsomal cytochrome P450 2C11 in male rat liver during dietary vitamin A deficiency.
vitamin d 25-hydroxylase deficiency
Absence of Mutation in Coding Regions of CYP2R1 Gene in Apparent Autosomal Dominant Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency Rickets.
vitamin d 25-hydroxylase deficiency
Lack of mutations in CYP2D6 and CYP27 in patients with apparent deficiency of vitamin D 25-hydroxylase.
vitamin d 25-hydroxylase deficiency
Prolonged 25-OH Vitamin D Deficiency Does Not Impair Bone Mineral Density in Adult Patients With Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency (CYP2R1).
Vitamin D Deficiency
25-Hydroxylase vitamin D deficiency in 27 Saudi Arabian subjects: a clinical and molecular report on CYP2R1 mutations.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Association of rs7041 and rs4588 Polymorphisms of the Vitamin D Binding Protein and the rs10741657 Polymorphism of CYP2R1 with Vitamin D Status Among Jordanian Patients.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Association of VDBP and CYP2R1 gene polymorphisms with vitamin D status in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a north Indian study.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Association of vitamin D levels and vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms with liver fibrosis in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Bone mineral density and testicular failure: evidence for a role of vitamin d 25-hydroxylase in human testis.
Vitamin D Deficiency
CYP2R1 Mutations Impair Generation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Cause an Atypical Form of Vitamin D Deficiency.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Effects of CYP2R1 gene variants on vitamin D levels and status: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Family-based Association between Allele T of rs4646536 in CYP27B1 and vitamin D deficiency.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Genetic Variants of CYP2R1 Are Key Regulators of Serum Vitamin D Levels and Incidence of Myocardial Infarction in Middle-Aged Egyptians.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Genetic Variation in CYP2R1 and GC Genes Associated With Vitamin D Deficiency Status.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Genetic Variation in Cytochrome P450 2R1 and Vitamin D Binding Protein Genes are associated with Vitamin D Deficiency in Adolescents.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Gestational diabetes mellitus and vitamin D deficiency: genetic contribution of CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 polymorphisms.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Mutation of the CYP2R1 Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase in a Saudi Arabian Family with Severe Vitamin D Deficiency.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Obesity Represses CYP2R1, the Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase, in the Liver and Extrahepatic Tissues.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Prolonged 25-OH Vitamin D Deficiency Does Not Impair Bone Mineral Density in Adult Patients With Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency (CYP2R1).
Vitamin D Deficiency
Serum 25(OH)D and vitamin D status in relation to VDR, GC and CYP2R1 variants in Chinese.
Vitamin D Deficiency
The CYP2R1 Enzyme: Structure, Function, Enzymatic Properties and Genetic Polymorphism.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D Binding Protein Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Vitamin D Deficiency in Thais.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D deficiency associates with susceptibility to tuberculosis in Pakistan, but polymorphisms in VDR, DBP and CYP2R1 do not.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D Deficiency in Uygurs and Kazaks Is Associated with Polymorphisms in CYP2R1 and DHCR7/NADSYN1 Genes.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D level and gene polymorphisms in Korean children with type 1 diabetes.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D Status in Russian Children and Adolescents: Contribution of Genetic and Exogenous Factors.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0071
25-hydroxy-vitamin D3
30°C, pH not specified in the publication