Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
IUBMB CommentsThis cytochrome P-450 (heme thiolate) plant enzyme catalyses the lactonization of several brassinosteroids, including castasterone, teasterone, and typhasterol. The CYP85A2 enzyme of Arabidopsis thaliana also catalyses the activity of EC 1.14.14.179, brassinosteroid 6-oxygenase.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
castasterone,NADPHhemoprotein reductase:oxygen oxidoreductase (lactonizing, brassinolide-forming)
This cytochrome P-450 (heme thiolate) plant enzyme catalyses the lactonization of several brassinosteroids, including castasterone, teasterone, and typhasterol. The CYP85A2 enzyme of Arabidopsis thaliana also catalyses the activity of EC 1.14.14.179, brassinosteroid 6-oxygenase.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
evolution
in a phylogenetic tree, tomato CYP85A3 is placed on the same branch as the CYP85A family of tomato, Arabidopsis, and rice, and is closest to tomato CYP85A1
physiological function
no activity in Brachypodium distachyon
-
brassinolide is not identified in Brachypodium distachyon. Crude enzyme solutions cannot catalyze the conversion of castasterone to brassinolide, and the gene encoding an ortholog of CYP85A2 is not found
physiological function
CYP85A2 catalyzes the lactonization reactions of castasterone and also teasterone and typhasterol. A Pichia pastoris transformant that synchronously expresses Arabidopsis thaliana P450 reductase gene ATR1 and P450 gene CYP85A2 converts teasterone and typhasterol to 7-oxateasterone and 7-oxatyphasterol, respectively
physiological function
CYP85A2 shows castasterone synthase and also brassinolide synthase activity. Castasterone is the major active brassinosteroid during vegetative growth in tomato, whereas brassinolide may play an organ-specific role in fruit development. CYP85A2 T-DNA insertion mutants consistently exhibit a weak dwarf phenotype during early vegetative development and a reduced fertility after bolting. CYP85A1/CYP85A2 double mutants grow as severe dwarfs
physiological function
enzyme is a cytochrome P450 that mediates Baeyer-Villiger oxidation in plants. Castasterone isa bioactive brassinosteroid that controls the overall growth and development of Arabidopsis plants. Mutant studies also revealed that brassinolide may not always be necessary for normal growth and development but Arabidopsis plants acquire great benefit in terms of growth and development in the presence of brassinolide
physiological function
overexpression in seeds increases the levels of castasterone and brassinolide in seeds. Compared to the wild type, the overexpressing strains produces substantially larger seeds with a high concentration of nutrients due to an enhancement in brassinosteroids signaling. Additionally, it exhibits superior seed germination, seedling and rosette plant growth, and flower and silique formation
physiological function
seeds of transgenic Brachypodium distachyon expressing CYP85A2 synthesize castasterone. In comparison with wild-type B. distachyon, the transgenic plants show better growth and development during the vegetative growing stage. The flowers of the transgenic plants are remarkably larger, resulting in increments in the number, size, and height of seeds. The total starch, protein, and lipid contents in transgenic plants are higher than those in wild-type plants
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Katsumata, T.; Hasegawa, A.; Fujiwara, T.; Komatsu, T.; Notomi, M.; Abe, H.; Natsume, M.; Kawaide, H.
Arabidopsis CYP85A2 catalyzes lactonization reactions in the biosynthesis of 2-deoxy-7-oxalactone brassinosteroids
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
72
2110-2117
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q940V4)
brenda
Roh, J.; Moon, J.; Lee, Y.; Park, C.; Kim, S.
Seed-specific expression of Arabidopsis AtCYP85A2 produces biologically active brassinosteroids such as castasterone and brassinolide to improve grain yield and quality in seeds of Brachypodium distachyon
Front. Plant Sci.
12
639508
2021
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q940V4)
brenda
Roh, J.; Moon, J.; Youn, J.H.; Seo, C.; Park, Y.J.; Kim, S.K.
Establishment of biosynthetic pathways to generate castasterone as the biologically active brassinosteroid in Brachypodium distachyon
J. Agric. Food Chem.
68
3912-3923
2020
no activity in Brachypodium distachyon
brenda
Nomura, T.; Kushiro, T.; Yokota, T.; Kamiya, Y.; Bishop, G.J.; Yamaguchi, S.
The last reaction producing brassinolide is catalyzed by cytochrome P-450s, CYP85A3 in tomato and CYP85A2 in Arabidopsis
J. Biol. Chem.
280
17873-17879
2005
Solanum lycopersicum (Q50LE0), Solanum lycopersicum, Arabidopsis thaliana (Q940V4)
brenda
Yeon, M.; Park, C.; Lee, Y.; Roh, J.; Kim, S.
Seed-specifically overexpressed Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 85A2 promotes vegetative and reproductive growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana
J. Plant Biol.
65
75-86
2022
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q940V4)
-
brenda
Kim, T.W.; Hwang, J.Y.; Kim, Y.S.; Joo, S.H.; Chang, S.C.; Lee, J.S.; Takatsuto, S.; Kim, S.K.
Arabidopsis CYP85A2, a cytochrome P450, mediates the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of castasterone to brassinolide in brassinosteroid biosynthesis
Plant Cell
17
2397-2412
2005
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q940V4)
brenda
Jamshed, M.; Liang, S.; M N Hickerson, N.; Samuel, M.A.
Farnesylation-mediated subcellular localization is required for CYP85A2 function
Plant Signal. Behav.
12
e1382795
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q940V4)
brenda