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Information on EC 1.14.13.82 - vanillate monooxygenase
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1.14.13.82 vanillate monooxygenaseIUBMB Comments
Forms part of the vanillin degradation pathway in Arthrobacter sp.
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Word Map
- 1.14.13.82
- protocatechuate
- lignin
-
ferulic
- syringate
- veratrate
-
o-demethylation
-
lignin-derived
-
3,4-dioxygenase
- 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
- dehalogenans
- corrinoid
-
acetobacterium
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
vanab, vanillate demethylase, vanillate o-demethylase, vanillate-o-demethylase, vanillate monooxygenase, vanillate o-demethylase oxygenase, vanillic acid o-demethylase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate demethylase
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-
-
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EC 1.2.3.12
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-
formerly
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IvaAB
VAN
VanA
vanAB
vanillate demethylase
vanillate O-demethylase
vanillate O-demethylase oxygenase
vanillate-O-demethylase
vanillic acid O-demethylase
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-
-
-
additional information
vanAB
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VanA is an oxygenase subunit and VanB is a NAD(P)H reductase subunit of vanillate monooxygenase
vanillate demethylase
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-
-
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vanillate O-demethylase
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additional information
the enzyme belongs to the phthalate family oxygenases
additional information
the enzyme belongs to the phthalate family oxygenases
additional information
the enzyme belongs to the phthalate family oxygenases
additional information
the enzyme belongs to the phthalate family oxygenases
-
additional information
the enzyme belongs to the phthalate family oxygenases
-
additional information
the enzyme belongs to the phthalate family oxygenases
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+ = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Forms part of the vanillin degradation pathway in Arthrobacter sp.
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-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
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-
-
-
redox reaction
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-
-
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reduction
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-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
vanillate:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating)
Forms part of the vanillin degradation pathway in Arthrobacter sp.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
39307-11-4
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
3-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoate + NADH + H+ + ?
4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoate + NAD+ + ?
4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)benzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
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-
-
?
4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
?
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
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-
-
?
syringate + NADH + H+ + O2
3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate + gallate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate, and gallate are produced from syringate, one of the two methoxy groups in the meta-position of syringate is demethylated first, and then the second methoxy group is demethylated at a slower rate
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?
vanillate + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillic acid + NADH + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
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?
3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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70% of the activity compared to vanillate
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?
3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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70% of the activity compared to vanillate
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?
3,4-dimethoxybenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
isovanillate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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-
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?
3,4-dimethoxybenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
isovanillate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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-
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?
3-(hydroxymethyl)-benzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
m-toluate + O2 + NADH + H+
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-
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?
3-(hydroxymethyl)-benzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
m-toluate + O2 + NADH + H+
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?
3-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoate + NADH + H+ + ?
4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoate + NAD+ + ?
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85% of the activity compared to vanillate
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?
3-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoate + NADH + H+ + ?
4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoate + NAD+ + ?
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85% of the activity compared to vanillate
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?
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
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?
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by IvaAB
procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
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?
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
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?
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by IvaAB
procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
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?
m-anisate + O2 + NADH + H+
m-hydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
m-anisate + O2 + NADH + H+
m-hydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
m-anisate + O2 + NADH + H+
m-hydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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able to demethylate one methoxy group or to monohydroxylate one methyl group in the meta position
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r
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q8FRX4; Q8FRX3
i.e. protocatechiuc acid
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-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q8FRX4; Q8FRX3
i.e. protocatechiuc acid
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Pseudomonas sp. NGC7
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
i.e. protocatechiuc acid
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?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
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?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by VanA
procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
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?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
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?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by VanA
procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
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?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
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?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
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functional coupling between vanillate-O-demethylase and formaldehyde detoxification pathway, formaldehyde is further converted to formate by glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase, encoded by gene frmA
procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
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?
veratrate + NADH + H+ + O2
isovanillate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
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?
veratrate + NADH + H+ + O2
isovanillate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
demethylation product of veratrate is isovanillate rather than vanillate, 1H-NMR analysis. O-Demethylation of veratrate by Streptomyces vanillate demethylase occurs only at the meta-position relative to the carboxyl group
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by VanA
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by VanA
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
vanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
vanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by IvaAB
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
vanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
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?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
vanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
i.e. 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate, O-demethylation by IvaAB
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?
additional information
?
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to detect fungal demethylation and release of catechol-like structures, these are demonstrated using catechol, gallic acid and caffeic acid as standard model compounds to forms mono, bis- and/or tris-catechol-Fe3+ complexes. The catechol-Fe3+ complexes formation controlled by pH via the deprotonation of the catechol hydroxyls is investigated at pH 2.5, 8.0 and 10.0 and demonstrates that catechol formed mono, bis- and/or tris-catechol-Fe3+ complexes, and show maximum absorbance at 547 nm. Lignin demethylation (O-demethylase) and formation of dicatecholic structures is detected. The produced aromatic vicinal diol groups in lignin model compounds (LMCs) and KL are determined using different catecholic-binding reagents with the influence of H2O2, along with 4-antiaminopyrine reagent, and are analyzed by the following: 1. Fe3+-catechol complexation method, 2. HNO2 method, 3. FAS (ferric ammonium-sulfate) method, and 4. Ti(III)-NTA (titanium (III)-nitrilotriacetate) method for hydrolytic zone formation. Among the tested methods, Fe3+-catechol complexation shows lytic zone formation, mechanism, overview
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additional information
?
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to detect fungal demethylation and release of catechol-like structures, these are demonstrated using catechol, gallic acid and caffeic acid as standard model compounds to forms mono, bis- and/or tris-catechol-Fe3+ complexes. The catechol-Fe3+ complexes formation controlled by pH via the deprotonation of the catechol hydroxyls is investigated at pH 2.5, 8.0 and 10.0 and demonstrates that catechol formed mono, bis- and/or tris-catechol-Fe3+ complexes, and show maximum absorbance at 547 nm. Lignin demethylation (O-demethylase) and formation of pyrocatecholic structures is detected. The produced aromatic vicinal diol groups in lignin model compounds (LMCs) and KL are determined using different catecholic-binding reagents with the influence of H2O2, along with 4-antiaminopyrine reagent, and are analyzed by the following: 1. Fe3+-catechol complexation method, 2. HNO2 method, 3. FAS (ferric ammonium-sulfate) method, and 4. Ti(III)-NTA (titanium (III)-nitrilotriacetate) method for hydrolytic zone formation. Among the tested methods, Fe3+-catechol complexation shows lytic zone formation, mechanism, overview
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additional information
?
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the enzyme forms a vanillate demethylase complex of VanA, a terminal oxygenase subunit, with VanB, a ferredoxin-like subunit, performing demethylation of vanillic acid and veratric acid
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?
additional information
?
-
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
substrate specificity for vanillate analogues by an in vivo assay using recombinant whole cells: among aromatic methyl ethers, vanillate, syringate, m-anisate, and veratrate are good substrates, whereas ferulate, vanillin, and guaiacol are not recognized by Streptomyces vanillate demethylase. Besides vanillate, 4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoate is a better substrate than m-anisate and veratrate, and the 3-methyl group is efficiently oxidized to a hydroxymethyl group. The combination of a carboxyl group on the benzene ring and a hydroxyl group in the para-position relative to the carboxyl group may be preferable for substrate recognition by the enzyme. Demethylation by Streptomyces vanillate demethylase occurs only at the 3-position of veratrate and not at the 4-position
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoate + O2 + NADH + H+
?
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
-
-
-
?
m-anisate + O2 + NADH + H+
m-hydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + NADH + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
-
?
veratrate + NADH + H+ + O2
isovanillate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme forms a vanillate demethylase complex of VanA, a terminal oxygenase subunit, with VanB, a ferredoxin-like subunit, performing demethylation of vanillic acid and veratric acid
-
-
?
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
-
-
?
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
able to demethylate one methoxy group or to monohydroxylate one methyl group in the meta position
-
r
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q8FRX4; Q8FRX3
i.e. protocatechiuc acid
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q8FRX4; Q8FRX3
i.e. protocatechiuc acid
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Pseudomonas sp. NGC7
-
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
vanillate + O2 + NADH + H+
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O + formaldehyde
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
i.e. protocatechiuc acid
-
-
?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
-
-
?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
-
-
?
vanillic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
protocatechuic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
-
functional coupling between vanillate-O-demethylase and formaldehyde detoxification pathway, formaldehyde is further converted to formate by glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase, encoded by gene frmA
procatechuic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
-
?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
-
-
?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
isovanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by VanA
-
-
?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
vanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
-
-
?
veratric acid + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2
vanillic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
O-demethylation by IvaAB
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
m-anisate
-
15-77.5% competitive inhibition of vanillate demethylation between 1-3 mM
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
the enzyme is inducible by vanillic acid and veratric acid
-
additional information
the enzyme is inducible by vanillic acid and veratric acid
-
additional information
the enzyme is inducible by vanillic acid and veratric acid
-
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Scabies
The Plant Pathogenic Bacterium Streptomyces scabies Degrades the Aromatic Components of Potato Periderm via the ?-Ketoadipate Pathway.
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.003 - 0.88
-
recombinant whole cell activities with both cofactors NADPH or NADH
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
vanillate O-demethylase oxygenase subunits A and B
Q8FRX4; Q8FRX3
UniProt
brenda
vanillate O-demethylase oxygenase subunits A and B
Q8FRX4; Q8FRX3
UniProt
brenda
vanillate O-demethylase oxygenase subunits A and B
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
UniProt
brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
-
the cells grow in vanillate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, syringate, ferulate, p-coumarate, and 3-O-methylgallate, but not on vanillin and syringaldehyde. Maximum specific growth rates, uptake rates and yields on lignin model compounds by Microbacterium sp. RG1, overview. When strain is cultivated with 5 mM each of the aldehydes vanillin or syringaldehyde no growth is observed for more than 200 h
brenda
additional information
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes van, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
brenda
additional information
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes van, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
brenda
additional information
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes van, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
brenda
additional information
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes vanA, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
brenda
additional information
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes vanA, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
brenda
additional information
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes vanA, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
brenda
additional information
-
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes vanA, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
-
brenda
additional information
-
in succinate- and procatechuic acid-grown cells, there is negligible degradative activity towards vanillic acid, veratric acid, and isovanillic acid and little to no expression of genes van, ivaA, and ivaB, growth on vanillic acid or veratric acid results in production of active oxygenases and expression of vanA, ivaA, and ivaB
-
brenda
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
metabolism
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lignin demethylation (O-demethylases) activity strips-off methyl groups in LMCs and KL and produces vicinal diols that covalently bind with Fe3+ to form Fe3+-catechol complexes
metabolism
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lignin demethylation (O-demethylases) activity strips-off methyl groups in LMCs and KL and produces vicinal diols that covalently bind with Fe3+ to form Fe3+-catechol complexes
metabolism
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softwood lignin is a polymer composed of mainly guaiacyl (G) units, and thus the most reported aromatic compounds generated from pretreatment of softwood-based lignin are guaiacyl-derivates such as vanillin and guaiacol. Hardwood lignin, on the other hand, contains both guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) units and its depolymerization results, apart from the guaiacyl-derivates, in S-derivates such as syringaldehyde, syringate and syringol. Yet, only a few organisms are reported to metabolize compounds from syringyl-based (S) lignin. Microbacterium sp. RG1 can grow on syringate and vanillate
metabolism
Pseudomonas sp. NGC7
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the enzyme is involved in the proposed catabolic pathways of lignin-derived phenols in Pseudomonas sp. strain NGC7 and engineered route for ccMA production. Gene pcaHG is essential for strain NGC7 to grow on vanillate, hydroxybenzoate (HBA), and protocatechuate (PCA), and the former two compounds are suggested to be catabolized via PCA while an aromatic ring cleavage enzyme gene different from pcaHG is involved in syringate catabolism
Show AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices (859 entries)
Please use the AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices Search for a specific query.
Please use the AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices Search for a specific query.
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
dimer
Q08KC3; Q08KC3
1 x 40000, subunit A + 1 * 33000, subunit B, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
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several amino acid substitutions give indications of the extent to which amino acid substitutions can be tolerated at specified positions
additional information
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several amino acid substitutions give indications of the extent to which amino acid substitutions can be tolerated at specified positions
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additional information
Q8FRX4; Q8FRX3
generation of recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum strain F, overexpression of vanillate O-demethylase (VanAB) to increase the production of protocatechiuc acid from ferulic acid. The strain FVan produces vanillate from ferulic acid and the enzyme converts it to protocatechiuc acid, a precursor of polymers and plastics and a constituent of food, fed-batch biotransformation, protocatechiuc acid is secreted to the medium, overview
additional information
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generation of recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum strain F, overexpression of vanillate O-demethylase (VanAB) to increase the production of protocatechiuc acid from ferulic acid. The strain FVan produces vanillate from ferulic acid and the enzyme converts it to protocatechiuc acid, a precursor of polymers and plastics and a constituent of food, fed-batch biotransformation, protocatechiuc acid is secreted to the medium, overview
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