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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 1.14.13.8 - flavin-containing monooxygenase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.14.13.8
Word Map on EC 1.14.13.8
- 1.14.13.8
- methimazole
-
xenobiotics
-
orbit
- trimethylamine
-
fenna-matthews-olson
- sulfoxide
-
n-oxygenation
-
s-oxidation
-
excitonic
- n-octylamine
- cyp3a4
-
initio
-
n-demethylation
- tepidum
-
antenna
- bacteriochlorophyll
- thioureas
- phenobarbital
-
cdna-expressed
- imipramine
-
drug-metabolizing
- cyp2d6
-
pigment-protein
-
frontier
-
light-harvesting
- metyrapone
-
p-450-dependent
- chlorobium
- cyp2c19
-
sulfenic
-
yucca
- aestuarii
-
monooxygenation
-
baeyer-villiger
-
hamiltonians
-
n-hydroxylation
- 1-aminobenzotriazole
-
prochiral
-
nitrone
-
butoxide
- albendazole
-
piperonyl
-
diels-alder
-
hartree-fock
- drug development
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
1.14.13.8
-
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
flavin-containing monooxygenase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
ordered ter-bi mechanism with an irreversible step between the second and third substrate, NADPH is added first, followed by O2 and the oxidizable organic substrate last
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
reaction mechanism of S-oxygenation of N-substituted thioureas
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
reaction mechanism of S-oxygenation of N-substituted thioureas
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic reaction mechanism, structure-function relationship, FMO oxygenates soft nucleophiles, and converts lipophilic compounds into more hydrophilic metabolites, the first step for FMO is reduction of the FAD by NADPH, the next step is formation of a C4a-hydroperoxy flavin by addition of molecular oxygen to the reduced FAD, when the substrate is accepted by FMO the enzyme is already in an active form, the protein environment of FMO apparently protects the hydroperoxy flavin from decomposing, conserving NADPH, and affording an effcient two-electron oxygenating agent for nucleophiles with the appropriate size and shape
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic cycle and catalytic reaction mechanism, structure-function relationship, FMO oxygenates drugs and xenobiotics containing a soft nucleophile, usually nitrogen or sulfur, utilizing the reducing equivalents of NADPH to reduce 1 atom of molecular oxygen to water, while the other atom is used to oxidize the substrate, FMO does not require a reductase to transfer electrons from NADPH, substrate binding has no effect on velocity, formation of a peroxyflavin intermediate
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic cycle and catalytic reaction mechanism, structure-function relationship, FMO oxygenates drugs and xenobiotics containing a soft nucleophile, usually nitrogen or sulfur, utilizing the reducing equivalents of NADPH to reduce 1 atom of molecular oxygen to water, while the other atom is used to oxidize the substrate, FMO does not require a reductase to transfer electrons from NADPH, substrate binding has no effect on velocity, formation of a peroxyflavin intermediate
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic cycle and catalytic reaction mechanism, structure-function relationship, FMO oxygenates drugs and xenobiotics containing a soft nucleophile, usually nitrogen or sulfur, utilizing the reducing equivalents of NADPH to reduce 1 atom of molecular oxygen to water, while the other atom is used to oxidize the substrate, FMO does not require a reductase to transfer electrons from NADPH, substrate binding has no effect on velocity, formation of a peroxyflavin intermediate
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic cycle and catalytic reaction mechanism, structure-function relationship, FMO oxygenates drugs and xenobiotics containing a soft nucleophile, usually nitrogen or sulfur, utilizing the reducing equivalents of NADPH to reduce 1 atom of molecular oxygen to water, while the other atom is used to oxidize the substrate, FMO does not require a reductase to transfer electrons from NADPH, substrate binding has no effect on velocity, formation of a peroxyflavin intermediate
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic reaction mechanism via 4alpha-hydroperoxyflavin transient intermediate
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic cycle, reaction mechanism via C4a-hydroperoxyflavin intermediate and structure-function relationship, overview
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic cycle, reaction mechanism and structure-function relationship, overview; catalytic cycle, reaction mechanism and structure-function relationship, overview; catalytic cycle, reaction mechanism and structure-function relationship, overview
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
catalytic cycle, reaction mechanism via C4a-hydroperoxyflavin intermediate and structure-function relationship, overview
-
-
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
N,N-dimethylaniline,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-oxide-forming)
A flavoprotein. A broad spectrum monooxygenase that accepts substrates as diverse as hydrazines, phosphines, boron-containing compounds, sulfides, selenides, iodide, as well as primary, secondary and tertiary amines [3,4]. This enzyme is distinct from other monooxygenases in that the enzyme forms a relatively stable hydroperoxy flavin intermediate [4,5]. This microsomal enzyme generally converts nucleophilic heteroatom-containing chemicals and drugs into harmless, readily excreted metabolites. For example, N-oxygenation is largely responsible for the detoxification of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) [2,6]
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
117910-56-2
-
148848-55-9
-
37256-73-8
-
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
348504, 348508, 348510, 348511, 348512, 658461, 659823, 659829, 659969, 660547, 684678, 686355, 686357, 703320, 703411, 705314, 706824, 710837, 711741, 711837, 741593, 741760, 741863, 742335, 742356, 742463, 743293, 743616, 743624
-
-
Europian-, Latin-, African-, and Asian-American schizophrenia patients
UniProt
isozymes FMO1-FMO5, FMOs exist as a multi-gene family consisting of individual members that are expressed in a tissue-, developmental-, and sex-specific fashion
-
-
-
-
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FMOs exist as a multi-gene family consisting of individual members that are expressed in a tissue-, developmental-, and sex-specific fashion
-
-
FMOs exist as a multi-gene family consisting of individual members that are expressed in a tissue-, developmental-, and sex-specific fashion
-
-
-
348485, 348486, 348487, 348488, 348490, 348491, 348492, 348494, 348497, 348498, 348499, 348500, 348505, 348507, 659828, 676315, 703320, 712902
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-
FMOs exist as a multi-gene family consisting of individual members that are expressed in a tissue-, developmental-, and sex-specific fashion
-
-
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
malfunction
-
mutations in isoform FMO3 are causative of the disorder trimethylaminuria
malfunction
-
enzyme-deficient mice are resistant to age-related changes in glucose homeostasis and maintain the higher glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity characteristic of young animals
metabolism
-
FMOs are involved in Phase I metabolism catalyzing the NADPH-dependent oxygenation of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds containing a soft nucleophilic heteroatom, typically nitrogen or sulfur, but in some cases also selenium or phosphorous
metabolism
-
the enzyme is involved in metabolism of the anti-tuberculosis drug ethionamide in lung and liver, overview
metabolism
the enzyme is involved in metabolism of the anti-tuberculosis drug ethionamide in lung and liver, overview
metabolism
the flavin monooxygenase FMO1 contributes to metabolism of anti-tumor triazoloacridinone, C-1305 (5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one), in liver microsomes and Hep-G2 cells
metabolism
-
the flavin monooxygenase FMO1 contributes to metabolism of anti-tumor triazoloacridinone C-1305 (5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one) in liver microsomes
metabolism
-
isoform FMO3 contribute a major part in busulphan metabolic pathway
metabolism
-
isoform FMO3 contribute a major part in busulphan metabolic pathway
physiological function
-
FMO3 plays an important role in kidney metabolism of xenobiotics containing sulfur and selenium atoms
physiological function
-
FMO catalyzes the oxidation at nucleophilic, heteroatom centers and is important for drug, xenobiotic, and endogenous substrate metabolism
physiological function
-
FMO catalyzes the oxidation at nucleophilic, heteroatom centers and is important for drug, xenobiotic, and endogenous substrate metabolism
physiological function
-
the flavin-containing monooxygenase family of enzymes oxygenates nucleophilic xenobiotics and endogenous substances
physiological function
-
the enzyme plays a role in sensing or responding to gut bacteria and is a regulator of body weight and of glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity
physiological function
-
flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress in palmitate-treated hepatocytes. The enzyme can contribute to the regulation of glucose metabolism in the liver by reducing lipid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, independently of insulin signal transduction
physiological function
-
flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress in palmitate-treated hepatocytes. The enzyme can contribute to the regulation of glucose metabolism in the liver by reducing lipid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, independently of insulin signal transduction
additional information
-
although maltose-binding-protein-FMO enzymes afford lower rates of turnover than the corresponding commercial recombinant FMOs, both types of FMO show identical substrate dependencies and similar responses to changes in assay conditions. Comparison of commercial recombinant enzymes with recombinant MBP-FMOs expressed in Escherichia coli, overview
additional information
chromatin immunoprecipitation assays do not detect recruitment of aryl hydrocarbon receptor or ARNT to Fmo3 regulatory elements after exposure to 3-methylcholanthrene in liver or in Hepa-1 cells. However, in Hepa-1, 3-methylcholanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene , but not 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, cause recruitment of p53 protein to a p53 response element in the 5'-flanking region of the Fmo3 gene. Although FMO3 mRNA is highly induced by 3-methylcholanthrene or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mouse liver and in Hepa-1 cells, FMO protein levels and FMO catalytic function show only modest elevation
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(R)-metamphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R)-metamphetamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1
-
-
?
(S)-metamphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
(S)-metamphetamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
(S)-nicotine + NADPH + O2
(S)-nicotine N1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
(S)-nicotine N-1'-oxygenation
-
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]ethanone + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]ethanone S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
10-(N,N-dimethylaminooctyl)2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazene + NADPH + H+ + O2
? + NADP+ + H2O
10-([N,N-dimethylaminopentyl]-2-trifluoromethyl)phenothiazine + NADPH + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
10-N-(n-octylamino)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazine + NADPH + O2
10-N-(n-octylamino)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
10-[(N,N-dimethylaminooctyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)]phenothiazine + NADPH + H+ + O2
10-[(N,N-dimethylaminooctyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)]phenothiazine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
10-[(N,N-dimethylaminopentyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)]phenothiazine + NADPH + O2
?
-
i.e. 5-DPT or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
-
-
?
2 bicyclo[4.2.0]octan-7-one + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 O2
(3aS,7aS)-hexahydro-1-benzofuran-2(3H)-one + (3aR,7aS)-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one + 2 NAD+ + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophene + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophene S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
2-acetylsulfanylmethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyric acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-2-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
2-[(methylsulfanyl)methyl]furan + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-[(methylsulfanyl)methyl]furan S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-acrylic acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
a synthetic 10-(N,N-dimethylaminoalkyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazine analogue
-
-
?
3-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-3-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 15% R-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfanylmethyl-4-oxobutyric acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
FMO1, poor activity with FMO3 and FMO5
-
-
?
4-(4-methylphenyl)-2-methylsulfanylmethyl-4-oxobutyric acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
FMO1 and FMO5, no activity with FMO3
-
-
?
4-(methylsulfanyl)benzonitrile + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-4-(methylsulfanyl)benzonitrile S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 22% S-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
4-(methylsulfanyl)phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-4-(methylsulfanyl)phenol S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 81% S-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
4-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-4-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 95% S-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
substrate of isoform FMO3, methyl hydroxylation
-
-
?
5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADPH + H+ + O2
5-[[3-(dimethylnitroryl)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADP+ + H2O
5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADPH + H+ + O2
5-[[3-(dimethylnitroryl)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADP+ + H2O
9-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-6H-pyrido(4,3-B)-carbazole-1-carboxamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-(9-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-1-carboxamido)-N,N-dimethylethan-1-amine oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
albendazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
albendazole S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
almotriptan + NADPH + H+ + O2
almotriptan N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
amphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
amphetamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
i.e. 3-(1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yloxy)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine
-
-
?
benzyl ethyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzyl ethyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
benzyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
butyl ethyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
butyl ethyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
butyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
butyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
clomiphene + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
i.e. 2-[4-[2-chloro-1,2-diphenylethenyl]phenoxy]-N,N-diethylethanamine
-
-
?
contezolid + NADPH + H+ + O2
contezolid N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO5
-
-
?
cyclohexyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
cyclohexyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
danusertib + NADPH + H+ + O2
danusertib N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
dasatinib + NADPH + H+ + O2
4-(6-((5-((2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)carbamoyl)thiazol-2-yl)amino)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine 1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
deprenyl + NADPH + H+ + O2
deprenyl N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
E-7016 + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
substrate of isoform FMO5, Bayer Villiger oxidation
-
-
?
esonarimod + NADPH + H+ + O2
S-methyl esonarimod + NADP+ + H2O
a antirheumatic drug, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
ethyl phenyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethyl phenyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
etionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
etionamide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of FMO1, FMO3, and FMO2.1
-
-
?
GSK5182 + NADPH + H+ + O2
(Z)-2-(4-(5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylpent-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethylethan-1-amine oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
L-775,606 + NADPH + H+ + O2
4-(3-(5-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl)propyl)-1-(3-fluorophenethyl)piperazine 1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
L-methionine + NADPH + H+ + O2
methionine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
stereochemistry, overview
formation of 80% D-isomer
-
?
L-Phe-Met + NADPH + O2
(L-Met-S-oxide)-Phe + NADP+ + H2O
-
liver microsomes
-
-
?
lorcaserin + NADPH + H+ + O2
lorcaserin N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1
-
-
?
loxapine + NADPH + H+ + O2
4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)-1-methylpiperazine 1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
mercaptoimidazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
FMO1 and FMO3, no activity with FMO5
-
-
?
mercaptoimidazole + NADPH + O2
mercaptoimidazole S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methamphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
methamphetamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
a psychostimulant, is converted to the hydroxylamine
-
-
?
methyl 2-phenylethyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
methyl 2-phenylethyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
methyl 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl ether + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-methyl 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl ether S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 70% S-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
methyl 4-methylphenyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-methyl 4-methylphenyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 92% S-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
methyl 4-nitrophenyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-methyl 4-nitrophenyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 37% S-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
methyl phenyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-methyl phenyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 35% S-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
methylthioalkyl glucosinolate + NADPH + H+ + O2
methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolate S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
MK-0457 + NADPH + H+ + O2
MK-0457 N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
moclobemide + NADPH + H+ + O2
moclobemide N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
N,N,N-trimethylamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
N,N,N-trimethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-diallyltryptamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
N,N-diallyltryptamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
N,N-dimethyl-3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl]propan-1-amine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
3-DPT, a phenothiazine analogue, N-oxygenation by FMO1 and FMO3, no activity with FMO5
-
-
?
N,N-dimethyl-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl]pentan-1-amine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
5-DPT, a phenothiazine analogue, N-oxygenation by FMO1, FMO3, and FMO5
-
-
?
N,N-dimethyl-8-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl]octan-1-amine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
8-DPT, a phenothiazine analogue, N-oxygenation by FMO1, FMO3, and FMO5
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylamphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
N,N-dimethylamphetamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
N-oxygenation mainly by isozyme FMO1, low activity with isozyme FMO3
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADH + H+ + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NAD+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N-(3R)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R)-3-(furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamido)quinuclidine 1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
N-deacetyl ketoconazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
an antifungal agent, is converted to the N-hydroxyl
-
-
?
N-deacetyloxoconazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
N-deacetyl ketoconazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
N-methyl-tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
N-methyl-tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
recombinant isozymes FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
nicotine + NADPH + H+ + O2
(S)-nicotine N1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
NSC645809 + NADPH + H+ + O2
N,N-diethyl-2-((8-hydroxy-6-oxo-6H-imidazo[4,5,1-de]acridin-5-yl)amino)ethan-1-amine oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
olanzapine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-(2-methyl-10H-benzo[b]thieno[2,3-e][1,4]diazepin-4-yl)piperazine 1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
orphenadrine + NADPH + H+ + O2
orphenadrine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an anticholinergic drug
-
-
?
pargyline + NADPH + H+ + O2
pargyline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
phenethylamine + NADPH + O2
phenethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozyme FMO3
-
-
?
phenyl propyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
phenyl propyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
phorate + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a thioether-containing organophosphate insecticide
-
-
?
phospho-sulindac + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1, FMO3, and FMO5
-
-
?
quazepam + NADPH + H+ + O2
7-chloro-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-2-one + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1
-
-
?
S-allyl-L-cysteine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
-
-
?
S-allyl-L-cysteine + NADPH + H+ + O2
? + NADP+ + H2O
stereochemmistry, overview
-
-
?
S-benzyl-L-cysteine + NADPH + O2
S-benzyl-L-cysteine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozyme FMO1
-
-
?
S-farnesylcysteine + NADPH + O2
S-farnesylcysteine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
S-farnesylcysteine methyl ester + NADPH + O2
S-farnesylcysteine S-oxide methyl ester + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
S-methyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate + NADPH + H+ + O2
(diethylnitroryl)(methylsulfanyl)methanethione + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
S16020 + NADPH + H+ + O2
S16020 N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
a topoisomerase II inhibitor and antitumor drug, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
secondary amine + NADPH + O2
secondary nitrone + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
first oxidation to the N-hydroxy amine and then to the corresponding nitrone
?
selegiline + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
i.e. (2R)-N-methyl-1-phenyl-N-prop-2-ynylpropan-2-amine
-
-
?
seleno-L-methionine + NADPH + H+ + O2
seleno-L-methionine Se-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
selenomethionine + NADPH + H+ + O2
seleno-L-methionine Se-oxideoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
SNI-2011 + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a muscarinic receptor antagonist, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
SNI-2011 + NADPH + H+ + O2
SNI-2011 N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1
-
-
?
sulindac sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
tazarotenic acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a retinoic acid receptor modulator, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
TG100435 + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-(2-(4-((7-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methylbenzo[e][1,2,4]triazin-3-yl)amino)phenoxy)ethyl)pyrrolidine 1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
thiacetazone + 2 NADPH + 2 O2
(E)-{(2E)-[4-(acetylamino)benzylidene]hydrazinylidene}(amino)methanesulfinic acid + 2 NADP+ + H2O
-
bioactivation by EtaA
-
-
?
thiobenzamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
thiobenzamide N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
N-oxidation
-
-
?
trifluoroperazine + NADPH + H+ + O2
2,3,4-trifluoropyridine 1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
trimethylamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
trimethylamine N-oxide + NADPH + H+ + O2
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
[7-(2,6-dichloro-phenyl)-5-methyl-benzo[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl]-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-amine + NADPH + H+ + O2
[7-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-benzo[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl]-(4-[2-(1-oxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-phenyl)-amine + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. TG100435, a multitargeted Src family kinase inhibitor with anticancer activity, FMO3 is the primary enzyme responsible for TG100855 formation, enzyme-mediated retroreduction of TG100855 back to TG100435 is observed catalyzed by a cytochrome P450 reductase, overview
i.e. TG100855, the N-oxide product is also a multitargeted Src family kinase inhibitor with anticancer activity
-
?
1,1-dimethylhydrazine + NADPH + O2
formaldehyde + CH3N2H3 + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1,1-dimethylhydrazine + NADPH + O2
formaldehyde + CH3N2H3 + NADP+
-
possibly, and other 1,1-disubstituted hydrazines
-
?
1,1-dimethylhydrazine + NADPH + O2
formaldehyde + CH3N2H3 + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1,1-dimethylhydrazine + NADPH + O2
formaldehyde + CH3N2H3 + NADP+
-
possibly, and other 1,1-disubstituted hydrazines
-
?
1,1-dimethylhydrazine + NADPH + O2
formaldehyde + CH3N2H3 + NADP+
-
possibly, and other 1,1-disubstituted hydrazines
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
reaction in microsomal detoxification pathway of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, a neurotoxin to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons
-
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
reaction in microsomal detoxification pathway of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, a neurotoxin to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons
-
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
one of the predominant enzmyes responsible for the oxygenation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
-
-
?
1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]ethanone + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]ethanone S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 21% R-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]ethanone + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]ethanone S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 21% R-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
10-(N,N-dimethylaminoalkyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazines + NADPH + O2
?
-
with the alkyl side chain varying in length from 5 to 7 carbons, no activity with shorter side chains by isozyme FMO2
-
-
?
10-(N,N-dimethylaminoalkyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazines + NADPH + O2
?
-
with the alkyl side chain varying in length from 2 to 7 carbons, liver isozyme FMO1
-
-
?
10-(N,N-dimethylaminooctyl)2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazene + NADPH + H+ + O2
? + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
10-(N,N-dimethylaminooctyl)2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazene + NADPH + H+ + O2
? + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
10-(N,N-dimethylaminopentyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazine + NADPH + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
10-(N,N-dimethylaminopentyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazine + NADPH + O2
?
-
isozyme FMO3
-
-
?
10-N-(n-octylamino)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazine + NADPH + O2
10-N-(n-octylamino)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
10-N-(n-octylamino)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazine + NADPH + O2
10-N-(n-octylamino)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenothiazine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
formation of the cis-oxime
-
-
?
2,4,5-trichlorphenol + O2
2,5-dichlorohydroquinone + H2O + Cl-
-
100% conversion
-
-
?
2,4,5-trichlorphenol + O2
2,5-dichlorohydroquinone + H2O + Cl-
-
100% conversion
-
-
?
2,4,6-trichlorphenol + O2
2,6-dichlorohydroquinone + H2O + Cl-
-
72% conversion
-
-
?
2,4,6-trichlorphenol + O2
2,6-dichlorohydroquinone + H2O + Cl-
-
72% conversion
-
-
?
2,4-dichlorphenol + O2
chlorohydroquinone + H2O + Cl-
-
100% conversion
-
-
?
2,4-dichlorphenol + O2
chlorohydroquinone + H2O + Cl-
-
100% conversion
-
-
?
2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophene + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophene S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophene + NADPH + H+ + O2
2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophene S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein
-
-
?
2-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-2-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 75% R-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
2-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
(R,S)-2-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
sulfoxidation of the thioanisole derivative by recombinant PTDH-mFMO fusion protein. Enantiomeric reaction with 75% R-enantiomer as product
-
-
?
4-chlorphenol + O2
hydroquinone + H2O + Cl-
-
100% conversion
-
-
?
5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADPH + H+ + O2
5-[[3-(dimethylnitroryl)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADP+ + H2O
i.e. C-1305
-
-
?
5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADPH + H+ + O2
5-[[3-(dimethylnitroryl)propyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. C-1305
-
-
?
5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADPH + H+ + O2
5-[[3-(dimethylnitroryl)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADP+ + H2O
i.e. C-1299
-
-
?
5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADPH + H+ + O2
5-[[3-(dimethylnitroryl)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADP+ + H2O
i.e. C-1305
-
-
?
5-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADPH + H+ + O2
5-[[3-(dimethylnitroryl)propyl]amino]-8-methoxy-6H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. C-1299
-
-
?
amphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
an antipsychotic agent, is converted to the hydroxylamine
-
-
?
amphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
an antipsychotic agent, is converted to the hydroxylamine
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
N-oxidation
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
N-oxidation
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
KC734478, KC734481, KC734482, KC734486
-
-
-
?
benzydamine + NADPH + O2
benzydamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
KC734478, KC734481, KC734482, KC734486
highest activity of all isoforms tested
-
-
?
chlorpromazine + NADPH + H+ + O2
chlorpromazine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
a dopemaine D2 antagonist
-
-
?
chlorpromazine + NADPH + H+ + O2
chlorpromazine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
a dopemaine D2 antagonist
-
-
?
cimetidine + NADPH + H+ + O2
cimetidine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
S-oxygenation of cimetidine, i.e. CIM, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist of therapeutic utility in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and gastric hypersecretory syndromes. Development of in-line screening and an off-line chiral CE method for determination of the stereoselectivity of flavin-containing monooxygenase isoforms FMO1, FMO3, and FMO5 using chiral specific selectors, overview
-
-
?
cimetidine + NADPH + H+ + O2
cimetidine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
clozapine + NADPH + H+ + O2
clozapine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
N-oxidation
-
-
?
clozapine + NADPH + H+ + O2
clozapine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an antipsychotic agent, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
clozapine + NADPH + H+ + O2
clozapine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
an antipsychotic agent, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
clozapine + NADPH + H+ + O2
clozapine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
dapsone + NADPH + O2
?
bioactivation by isozyme FMO3, not FMO1, results in covalent adduct formation
-
-
?
demeton-O + NADPH + O2
demeton-O sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. O,O-diethyl O-2-ethylthioethyl phosphorothioate, isozymes FMO1 and FMO3, higher activity by FMO1
-
-
?
deprenyl + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor, is converted to the hydroxylamine
-
-
?
deprenyl + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
a monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor, is converted to the hydroxylamine
-
-
?
dimethylsulfone + NADH + H+ + O2
methanesulfinate + NAD+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dimethylsulfone + NADH + H+ + O2
methanesulfinate + NAD+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
disulfoton + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a thioether-containing organophosphate insecticide
-
-
?
ethiofencarb + NADPH + O2
ethiofencarb sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. alpha-ethylthio-o-tolyl methylcarbamate, isozymes FMO1 and FMO3, higher activity by FMO1
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
an antibiotic agent
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethionamide N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an antibiotic agent
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethionamide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
ethionamide is a pro-drug requiring bioactivation to exert toxicity
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethionamide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. ETA, S-oxygenation by isozymes FMO1, FMO2, and FMO3
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethionamide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1, FMO2, and FMO3
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethionamide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethionamide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
ethionamide is a pro-drug requiring bioactivation to exert toxicity
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + H+ + O2
ethionamide S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
i.e. ETA, S-oxygenation by isozymes FMO1, FMO2, and FMO3
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + O2 + H+
2-ethyl-N-hydroxypyridine-4-carbothioamide + NADP+ + H2O
-
bioactivation by isozymes FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + O2 + H+
2-ethyl-N-hydroxypyridine-4-carbothioamide + NADP+ + H2O
-
a thioamide-containing second line antitubercular prodrug
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + O2 + H+
2-ethyl-N-hydroxypyridine-4-carbothioamide + NADP+ + H2O
-
bioactivation by EtaA
-
-
?
ethionamide + NADPH + O2 + H+
2-ethyl-N-hydroxypyridine-4-carbothioamide + NADP+ + H2O
-
a thioamide-containing second line antitubercular prodrug
-
-
?
fenthion + NADPH + O2
fenthion sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
more than 95% (+)-sulfoxide
-
?
fenthion + NADPH + O2
fenthion sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. O,O-dimethyl O-4-methylthio-m-tolyl phosphorothioate, isozymes FMO1 and FMO3, stereospecifc product formation, overview
-
-
?
imipramine + NADPH + H+ + O2
imipramine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an antidepressant, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
imipramine + NADPH + H+ + O2
imipramine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
an antidepressant, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
imipramine + NADPH + H+ + O2
imipramine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1
-
-
?
imipramine + NADPH + H+ + O2
imipramine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1
-
-
?
indole + NADPH + H+ + O2
indole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
indole + NADPH + H+ + O2
indole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
indole + NADPH + H+ + O2
indole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
indole + NADPH + H+ + O2
indole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
indole + NADPH + H+ + O2
indoxyl + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
itopride + NADPH + H+ + O2
itopride N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
itopride + NADPH + H+ + O2
itopride N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
itopride + NADPH + H+ + O2
itopride N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
K11777 + NADPH + H+ + O2
K11777 N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
a cysteine protease inhibitor against Trypanosoma cruzi, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
K11777 + NADPH + H+ + O2
K11777 N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
L-Met-Phe + NADPH + O2
(L-Met-S-oxide)-Phe + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozymes FMO1-FMO4
-
-
?
L-Met-Phe + NADPH + O2
(L-Met-S-oxide)-Phe + NADP+ + H2O
-
liver microsomes
-
-
?
L-Met-Val + NADPH + O2
(L-Met-S-oxide)-Val + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozymes FMO1-FMO4, low activity by isozyme FMO1
-
-
?
L-Met-Val + NADPH + O2
(L-Met-S-oxide)-Val + NADP+ + H2O
-
liver microsomes
-
-
?
L-methionine + NADPH + O2
L-methionine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
free and N-terminally peptide-bound L-methionine, no activity with modified peptide-bound methionine and with N-acetyl-L-methionine, isozymes FMO1-FMO4
stereospecificity for formation of the D-isomer, especially by isozyme FMO3
-
?
L-methionine + NADPH + O2
L-methionine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-methionine + NADPH + O2
L-methionine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
free and N-terminally peptide-bound L-methionine, no activity with modified peptide-bound methionine and with N-acetyl-L-methionine, isozymes FMO1-FMO4
stereospecificity for formation of the D-isomer, especially by isozyme FMO3
-
?
L-methionine + NADPH + O2
L-methionine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
free and N-terminally peptide-bound L-methionine, no activity with modified peptide-bound methionine and with N-acetyl-L-methionine, isozymes FMO1-FMO4
stereospecificity for formation of the D-isomer, especially by isozyme FMO3
-
?
L-seleno-methionine + NADPH + O2
L-methionine seleno-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
liver microsomes
-
-
?
L-seleno-methionine + NADPH + O2
L-methionine seleno-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
purified liver isozymes FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
methamphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a psychostimulant, is converted to the hydroxylamine
-
-
?
methamphetamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
a psychostimulant, is converted to the hydroxylamine
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a thyroperoxidase inhibitor
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a thyroperoxidase inhibitor, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
an thyroperoxidase inhibitor, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an thyroperoxidase inhibitor, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
N-oxidation
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
KC734478, KC734481, KC734482, KC734486
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
KC734478, KC734481, KC734482, KC734486
about 25% of the activityy with substrate benzydamine
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
low activity with FMO2.1, moderate activity with FMO3, high activity with FMO1
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1, FMO2, and FMO3
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
methimazole S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
i.e. N-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
recombinant protein expressed in E. coli
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
recombinant protein expressed in E. coli
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
FMO3 5000 times more efficient than FMO5
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
recombinant protein expressed in E. coli
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
methimazole + NADPH + O2
N-methylmethimidazole-2-sulfinic acid + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methiocarb + NADPH + O2
methiocarb sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. 4-methylthio-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate, isozyme FMO1 acts stereospecifically, no activity by isozyme FMO3
-
-
?
methyl 4-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + O2
methyl 4-tolyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methyl 4-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + O2
methyl 4-tolyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methyl p-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
FMO1, FMO2, but poor substrate of FMO3
-
-
?
methyl p-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + O2
methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methyl p-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + O2
methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
stereochemistry: product 49% R-enantiomer
?
methyl p-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + O2
methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
26% R
-
?
MK-0767 methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a peroxisome proliferator receptor activator, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
MK-0767 methyl sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
348485, 348486, 348487, 348488, 348490, 348491, 348492, 348494, 348497, 348498, 348499, 348505, 676315
-
-
?
N-aminopiperidine + NADPH + O2
tetrazene + NADP+ + H2O + ?
-
-
-
?
N-deacetyl ketoconazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
N-deacetyl ketoconazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an antifungal agent, is converted to the N-hydroxyl
-
-
?
N-deacetyl ketoconazole + NADPH + H+ + O2
N-deacetyl ketoconazole N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO1
-
-
?
n-decylamine + NADPH + O2
1-nitrosodecane + NADP+ + H2O
-
lung enzyme active, liver enzyme not
-
-
?
n-decylamine + NADPH + O2
1-nitrosodecane + NADP+ + H2O
-
lung enzyme active, liver enzyme not
-
-
?
n-octylamine + NADPH + O2
1-nitrosooctane + NADP+ + H2O
-
recombinant protein expressed in E. coli
-
-
?
n-octylamine + NADPH + O2
1-nitrosooctane + NADP+ + H2O
-
recombinant protein expressed in E. coli
-
-
?
n-octylamine + NADPH + O2
1-nitrosooctane + NADP+ + H2O
-
lung enzyme active, liver enzyme not
-
-
?
n-octylamine + NADPH + O2
1-nitrosooctane + NADP+ + H2O
-
lung enzyme active, liver enzyme not
-
-
?
naphthylthiourea + NADPH + O2
naphthylthiourea S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozyme FMO2
-
-
?
naphthylthiourea + NADPH + O2
naphthylthiourea S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozyme FMO2
-
-
?
nicotine + NADPH + H+ + O2
nicotine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
a stimulant, is converted to the trans-N-oxide
-
-
?
nicotine + NADPH + H+ + O2
nicotine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
olopatadine + NADPH + H+ + O2
olopatadine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an antihistamininc drug, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
olopatadine + NADPH + H+ + O2
olopatadine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
an antihistamininc drug, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
olopatadine + NADPH + H+ + O2
olopatadine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
p-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + O2
p-tolyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
S-oxidase activity
-
-
?
p-tolyl sulfide + NADPH + O2
p-tolyl sulfoxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
S-oxidase activity
-
-
?
phenylthiourea + NADPH + O2
phenylthiourea S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozyme FMO2
-
-
?
phenylthiourea + NADPH + O2
phenylthiourea S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
isozyme FMO2
-
-
?
pyrazolacridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
pyrazolacridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an antitumor drug, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
pyrazolacridine + NADPH + H+ + O2
pyrazolacridine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoform FMO3
-
-
?
ranitidine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
an antihistamininc drug, is converted to the N-oxide and/or S-oxide
-
-
?
ranitidine + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
substrate of isoforms FMO3 and FMO5, S-oxygenation and N-oxygenation
-
-
?
S-methyl esonarimod + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a cytokine production inhbitor, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
S-methyl esonarimod + NADPH + H+ + O2
S-methyl esonarimod S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an cytokine production inhbitor, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
S-methyl esonarimod + NADPH + H+ + O2
S-methyl esonarimod S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1, FMO3, and FMO5
-
-
?
sulfamethoxazole + NADPH + O2
?
bioactivation by isozyme FMO3, not FMO1, results in covalent adduct formation
-
-
?
sulindac sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
sulindac + NADP+ + H2O
-
S-oxidation, low activity
-
-
?
sulindac sulfide + NADPH + H+ + O2
sulindac + NADP+ + H2O
a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
i.e. (Z)-2-[4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + H+ + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an estrogen receptor modulator, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + H+ + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
an estrogen receptor modulator, is converted to the N-oxide
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + H+ + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
tamoxifen metabolism pathways involving FMOs and CYP450s, tamoxifen N-oxide is reconverted into tamoxifen by reduced hemoglobin and NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase, a metabolic cycle in vivo, overview
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
tamoxifen N-oxygenation represents a detoxication pathway, low level of tamoxifen N-oxide production in human liver microsomes may be explained by the kinetics of FMO1 versus FMO3
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. (Z)-(1-[4-(2-dimethyl-aminoethoxy)phenyl]-1,2-diphenyl-1-butene), a drug used in breast cancer therapy, isozymes FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. Z-(1-[4-(2-dimethyl-aminoethoxy)phenyl]-1,2-diphenyl-1-butene)
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
tamoxifen N-oxygenation represents a detoxication pathway, high activity by isozyme FMO1
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. Z-(1-[4-(2-dimethyl-aminoethoxy)phenyl]-1,2-diphenyl-1-butene)
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
tamoxifen N-oxygenation represents a detoxication pathway
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. Z-(1-[4-(2-dimethyl-aminoethoxy)phenyl]-1,2-diphenyl-1-butene)
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
tamoxifen N-oxygenation represents a detoxication pathway
-
-
?
tamoxifen + NADPH + O2
tamoxifen N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
i.e. (Z)-(1-[4-(2-dimethyl-aminoethoxy)phenyl]-1,2-diphenyl-1-butene)
-
-
?
tazarotenic acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
tazarotenate N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an retinoic acid receptor modulator, is converted to the S-oxide
-
-
?
tazarotenic acid + NADPH + H+ + O2
tazarotenate N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1 and FMO3
-
-
?
thiacetazone + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + 2 O2
thiacetazone carbodiimide + 2 NADP+ + 2 H2O
-
bioactivation by isozymes FMO1 and FMO3, two-step process
-
-
?
thiacetazone + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + 2 O2
thiacetazone carbodiimide + 2 NADP+ + 2 H2O
-
a thiourea-containing second line antitubercular prodrug
-
-
?
thiacetazone + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + 2 O2
thiacetazone carbodiimide + 2 NADP+ + 2 H2O
-
bioactivation by EtaA
-
-
?
thiacetazone + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + 2 O2
thiacetazone carbodiimide + 2 NADP+ + 2 H2O
-
a thiourea-containing second line antitubercular prodrug
-
-
?
thiacetazone + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
a anti-tubercular drug, high activity
-
-
?
thiacetazone + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
an antibiotic agent, is converted to the sulfinic acid/carbodiimide
-
-
?
thiacetazone + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
an antibiotic agent, is converted to the sulfinic acid/carbodiimide
-
-
?
thiacetazone + NADPH + H+ + O2
thiacetazone N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
an antibiotic agent, is converted to the sulfinic acid/carbodiimide
-
-
?
thiacetazone + NADPH + H+ + O2
thiacetazone N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
an antibiotic agent, is converted to the sulfinic acid/carbodiimide
-
-
?
thiacetazone + NADPH + H+ + O2
thiacetazone S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
low activity with FMO1 and FMO3, high activity with FMO2.1
-
-
?
thiacetazone + NADPH + H+ + O2
thiacetazone S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
substrate of isoforms FMO1, FMO2, and FMO3
-
-
?
tigecycline + NADPH + O2
11a-hydroxytigecycline + NADP+ + H2O
-
detoxification, the organism is resistant against the antibiotic
-
-
?
tigecycline + NADPH + O2
11a-hydroxytigecycline + NADP+ + H2O
-
a glycylcycline derivative containing a 9-tert-butylglycylamido group belonging to the tetracyline antibiotic compounds
product identification by LC-MS
-
?
tozasertib + NADPH + H+ + O2
?
-
i.e. N-[4-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-[(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino]pyrimidin2yl]sulfanylphenyl]cyclopropane carboxamide
-
-
?
trimethylamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
trimethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
trimethylamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
trimethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
?
trimethylamine + NADPH + H+ + O2
trimethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
-
mutations of FMO3 are involved in trimethylaminuria, primary trimethylaminuria is multifactorial in origin in that enzyme