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Information on EC 1.13.99.1 - inositol oxygenase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q8H1S0
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1.13.99.1 inositol oxygenaseIUBMB Comments
An iron protein.
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Word Map
- 1.13.99.1
- d-glucuronate
-
glucaric
-
diiron
-
ambience
-
mixed-valent
-
four-electron
-
glucuronate-xylulose
- medicine
- diagnostics
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Synonyms
myo-inositol oxygenase, miox4, inositol oxygenase, osmiox, rsor/miox, gsmiox1a, miox2, renal-specific oxidoreductase, ppmiox, mmiox, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
Inositol oxygenase
-
-
-
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Kidney-specific protein 32
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-
-
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meso-Inositol oxygenase
-
-
-
-
MIOX
MIOX1
MIOX2
MIOX5
MOO
-
-
-
-
Myo-inositol oxygenase
Oxygenase, inositol
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-
-
-
Renal-specific oxidoreductase
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-
-
-
MIOX
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-
-
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Myo-inositol oxygenase
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-
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-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
redox reaction
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-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
myo-Inositol:oxygen oxidoreductase
An iron protein.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9029-59-8
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
myo-inositol + H2O
D-glucuronate + H2O
-
-
-
?
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronic acid + H2O
-
-
-
?
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronate + H2O
-
-
-
?
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronate + H2O
-
-
-
?
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronic acid + H2O
-
-
-
?
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronate + H2O
-
-
-
?
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronate + H2O
-
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronate + H2O
-
-
-
?
myo-inositol + O2
D-glucuronate + H2O
-
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7 - 8.5
the enzyme keeps more than 70% of the highest activity at a range from pH 7.0-8.5. When the pH is lower than 6.0, the activity decreases rapidly
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
20 - 37
enzyme maintains approximately 75% of its highest activity at a broad range from 20°C to 37°C. The activity decreases rapidly when the temperature is higher than 50°C
pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
MIOX4 is highly expressed in pollen
high MIOX4 expression level in syncytia, induced in roots by attack through the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, metabolome analysis of syncytium, overview
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MIOX4 and MIOX5 expression is largely restricted to flowers, particularly maturing pollen
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MIOX1 and MIOX2 are expressed in almost all tissues of the plant
MIOX5 is highly expressed in pollen
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genes encoding the enzyme are strongly expressed in syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots
MIOX1 is expressed preferentially in seedlings
MIOX2 is expressed preferentially in seedlings
high MIOX1 expression level in syncytia, induced in roots by attack through the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, metabolome analysis of syncytium, overview
high MIOX2 expression level in syncytia, induced in roots by attack through the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, metabolome analysis of syncytium, overview
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
the quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. Except for MIOX2, transcripts for the other three MIOX genes are still detected at a level of 2-14% of their abundance in the wild-type, the mutant does not show any visible phenotype and produced viable pollen, but the incorporation of myo-inositol-derived sugars into cell walls is strongly inhibited by over 90% with no change in the ultrastructure of syncytial cell walls
physiological function
malfunction
physiological function
physiological function
control level of myoinositol, no influence on ascorbic acid
physiological function
the enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase is the key enzyme of a pathway leading from myo-inositol to UDP-glucuronic acid. The primary function of myo-inositol oxygenase for syncytium development after infection with Heterodera schachtii is probably not the production of UDP-glucuronic acid as a precursor for cell wall polysaccharides, but the reduction of myo-inositol levels and thereby a reduction in the galactinol level to avoid the induction of defence-related genes
malfunction
-
a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant that incorporates T-DNA insertions in all four MIOX genes is generated. This mutant shows a severe reduction in transcripts for all four MIOX genes. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1
malfunction
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loss-of-function mutants in MIOX genes contain alterations in myo-inositol levels and growth changes in the root
malfunction
-
loss-of-function mutants in MIOX genes contain alterations in myo-inositol levels and growth changes in the root. Miox2 mutants can be complemented with a MIOX2:green fluorescent protein fusion
malfunction
the quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. Except for MIOX2, transcripts for the other three MIOX genes are still detected at a level of 2-14% of their abundance in the wild-type, the mutant does not show any visible phenotype and produced viable pollen, but the incorporation of myo-inositol-derived sugars into cell walls is strongly inhibited by over 90% with no change in the ultrastructure of syncytial cell walls
malfunction
the T-DNA insertion mutant atmiox1 is sensitive to alkaline stress, the phenotype can be complemented by expression of Glycine soja MIOX1 under constitutive CaMV35S promoter control
physiological function
control level of myoinositol, no influence on ascorbic acid
physiological function
-
the importance of MIOX in syncytium development is the removal of excess myo-inositol from syncytia
physiological function
the enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase is the key enzyme of a pathway leading from myo-inositol to UDP-glucuronic acid. The primary function of myo-inositol oxygenase for syncytium development after infection with Heterodera schachtii is probably not the production of UDP-glucuronic acid as a precursor for cell wall polysaccharides, but the reduction of myo-inositol levels and thereby a reduction in the galactinol level to avoid the induction of defence-related genes
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). MIOX4_ARATH
317
0
36904
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
delta miox 4+5
double mutant, smaller syncytia, less female nematodes per plant
delta miox5
single knockout mutant of one allele of MIOX
DELTA miox 1+2
double mutant, smaller syncytia, less female nematodes per plant
delta miox 4+5
double mutant, smaller syncytia, less female nematodes per plant
DELTA miox1
single knockout mutant of one allele of MIOX
delta miox2
single knockout mutant of one allele of MIOX
delta miox5
single knockout mutant of one allele of MIOX
additional information
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
construction of a quadruple (miox1/2/4/5) mutant by mutation of all four MIOX isozymes via T-DNA insertion, metabolite profiling of syncytia induced in roots of the myo-inositol oxygenase quadruple mutant, overview. The quadruple myo-inositol oxygenase mutant shows a significant reduction in susceptibility to Heterodera schachtii, and syncytia have elevated myo-inositol and galactinol levels and an elevated expression level of the antimicrobial thionin gene Thi2.1. This reduction in susceptibility can also be achieved by exogenous application of galactinol to wild-type seedlings. The miox1/2/4/5 plants show a similar reduction in the number of females to miox double mutants
additional information
generation of an AtMIOX1 gene T-DNA insertion mutant atmiox1, the AtMIOX1 gene is efficiently silenced by the T-DNA insertion in the atmiox1 mutant. Constitutive overepression of Glycine soja MIOX1 under constitutive CaMV35S promoter control can recover the phenotype leading to alkaline stress tolerance in the atmiox1 mutant plants, overview
pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
6 - 8
the enzyme retains more than 70% activity after 30 min at pH 6.0-8.0. After 30 min at pH 9.0, the enzyme activity drops to 50% of the original value
764595
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
37
the enzyme shows less than 40% of its activity at 37 °C for 40 min
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
in Arabidpsis thaliana, myo-inositol oxygenase is encoded by four genes, gene MIOX4, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis
gene AtMIOX1, phylogenetic tree, semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase enzyme expression analysis
in Arabidpsis thaliana, myo-inositol oxygenase is encoded by four genes, gene MIOX1, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis
in Arabidpsis thaliana, myo-inositol oxygenase is encoded by four genes, gene MIOX2, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
445.7fold gene induction in syncytia induced by nematode Heterodera schachtii
all MIOX genes are strongly expressed in syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis thaliana roots
445.7fold gene induction in syncytia induced by nematode Heterodera schachtii
7.64fold gene induction in syncytia induced by nematode Heterodera schachtii
all MIOX genes are strongly expressed in syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis thaliana roots
gene induction in syncytia induced by nematode Heterodera schachtii
genes encoding the enzyme are strongly expressed in syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots
-
MIOX2 expression is suppressed by exogenous glucose addition in the shoot, but not in the root
-
MIOX4 expression is suppressed by exogenous glucose addition in the shoot,but not in the root
-
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Lorence, A.; Chevone, B.I.; Mendes, P.; Nessler, C.L.
myo-Inositol oxygenase offers a possible entry point into plant ascorbate biosynthesis
Plant Physiol.
134
1200-1205
2004
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8H1S0)
Kanter, U.; Usadel, B.; Guerineau, F.; Li, Y.; Pauly, M.; Tenhaken, R.
The inositol oxygenase gene family of Arabidopsis is involved in the biosynthesis of nucleotide sugar precursors for cell-wall matrix polysaccharides
Planta
221
243-254
2005
Arabidopsis thaliana
Siddique, S.; Endres, S.; Atkins, J.M.; Szakasits, D.; Wieczorek, K.; Hofmann, J.; Blaukopf, C.; Urwin, P.E.; Tenhaken, R.; Grundler, F.M.; Kreil, D.P.; Bohlmann, H.
Myo-inositol oxygenase genes are involved in the development of syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots
New Phytol.
184
457-472
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana (O82200), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8H1S0), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8L799), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FJU4)
Endres, S.; Tenhaken, R.
Myoinositol oxygenase controls the level of myoinositol in Arabidopsis, but does not increase ascorbic acid
Plant Physiol.
149
1042-1049
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana (O82200), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8H1S0), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8L799), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FJU4)
Alford, S.R.; Rangarajan, P.; Williams, P.; Gillaspy, G.E.
myo-Inositol oxygenase is required for responses to low energy conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana
Front. Plant Sci.
3
69
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana
Siddique, S.; Endres, S.; Sobczak, M.; Radakovic, Z.; Fragner, L.; Grundler, F.; Weckwerth, W.; Tenhaken, R.; Bohlmann, H.
Myo-inositol oxygenase is important for the removal of excess myo-inositol from syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots
New Phytol.
201
476-85
2014
Arabidopsis thaliana
Siddique, S.; Endres, S.; Sobczak, M.; Radakovic, Z.; Fragner, L.; Grundler, F.; Weckwerth, W.; Tenhaken, R.; Bohlmann, H.
Myo-inositol oxygenase is important for the removal of excess myo-inositol from syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots
New Phytol.
201
476-485
2014
Arabidopsis thaliana (O82200), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8H1S0), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8L799), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FJU4), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (O82200), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q8H1S0), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q8L799), Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (Q9FJU4)
Chen, C.; Sun, X.; Duanmu, H.; Yu, Y.; Liu, A.; Xiao, J.; Zhu, Y.
Ectopic expression of a Glycine soja myo-inositol oxygenase gene (GsMIOX1a) in Arabidopsis enhances tolerance to alkaline stress
PLoS ONE
10
e0129998
2015
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8L799), Glycine soja (A0A0B2PCG9), Glycine soja, Glycine soja 07256 (A0A0B2PCG9)
Teng, F.; You, R.; Hu, M.; Liu, W.; Wang, L.; Tao, Y.
Production of D-glucuronic acid from myo-inositol using Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalyst overexpressing a novel myo-inositol oxygenase from Thermothelomyces thermophile
Enzyme Microb. Technol.
127
70-74
2019
Arabidopsis thaliana (A0A178V136), Arabidopsis thaliana, Mus musculus (Q9QXN5), Mus musculus, Thermothelomyces thermophilus (G2QA66), Thermothelomyces thermophilus, Thermothelomyces thermophilus ATCC 42464 (G2QA66)
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