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1,2-propanediol + NAD+
2-hydroxypropanal + NADH
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
1,3-propanediol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
1,3-propanediol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
1-butanol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
1-butanol + NAD+
NADH + butanal
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
1-propanol + NAD+
1-propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
NADH + propanal
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
2,3-butanediol + NAD+
? + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
2-butanol + NAD+
NADH + butanone
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADPH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NADP+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
acetaldehyde + NADH + H+
ethanol + NAD+
acetone + NADH + H+
?
-
25.3% activity compared to propionaldehyde
-
-
?
acetone + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
r
butyraldehyde + NADH + H+
butan-1-ol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
dihydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
r
ethanol + NAD+
acetaldehyde + NADH + H+
ethanol + NAD+
NADH + ethanal
ethylene glycol + NAD+
NADH + ?
-
-
-
-
r
formaldehyde + NADH + H+
methanol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
dihydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
glycerol + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
hydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
?
-
30.6% activity compared to propionaldehyde
-
-
?
hydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
? + NAD+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,2-diol + NAD+
2-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,2-diol + NAD+
2-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+ + H+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NADP+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADPH + H+
NADP+ is not substrate for wild-type, but for mutant D41G
-
-
r
propionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propan-1-ol + NAD+
valeraldehyde + NADH + H+
pentan-1-ol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
1,2-propanediol + NAD+

2-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
?
1,2-propanediol + NAD+
2-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
?
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+

? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,3-propanediol + NAD+

3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
activity with 1,3-propanediol is highly dependent on the presence of Ni2+
-
-
?
1,3-propanediol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
activity with 1,3-propanediol is highly dependent on the presence of Ni2+
-
-
?
1,4-butanediol + NAD+

4-hydroxybutanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
1,4-butanediol + NAD+

4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butanol + NAD+

NADH + butanal
-
-
-
-
r
1-butanol + NAD+
NADH + butanal
-
-
-
-
?
1-butanol + NAD+
NADH + butanal
-
-
-
-
?
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+

1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+

NADH + propanal
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
NADH + propanal
-
-
-
-
?
1-propanol + NAD+
NADH + propanal
-
-
-
-
?
1-propanol + NAD+
NADH + propanal
-
-
-
-
?
1-propanol + NAD+
NADH + propanal
-
-
-
-
?
1-propanol + NAD+

propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
2-butanol + NAD+

NADH + butanone
-
-
-
-
?
2-butanol + NAD+
NADH + butanone
-
-
-
-
?
2-butanol + NAD+
NADH + butanone
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
overexpression of PDOR does not affect the concentration of propane-1,3-diol, but it enhances the molar yield from 50.6 to 64.0% and reduces the concentration of by-products, among them, the concentrations of lactic acid, ethanol and succinic acid are decreased by 51.8, 50.6 and 47.4%, respectively. Activity of recombinant PDOR is 44fold higher than those of the wild-type. PDOR overexpression leads to a slower cell growth and lower productivity, and during the fed-batch fermentation in 3.7 l bioreactor, a growth stagnation is observed
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
overexpression of PDOR does not affect the concentration of propane-1,3-diol, but it enhances the molar yield from 50.6 to 64.0% and reduces the concentration of by-products, among them, the concentrations of lactic acid, ethanol and succinic acid are decreased by 51.8, 50.6 and 47.4%, respectively. Activity of recombinant PDOR is 44fold higher than those of the wild-type. PDOR overexpression leads to a slower cell growth and lower productivity, and during the fed-batch fermentation in 3.7 l bioreactor, a growth stagnation is observed
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
part of the conversion of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol, not the limiting step
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is an inhibitory intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway during fermentation of raw material required for the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalate and other polyester fibers, accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal in broth causes an irreversible cessation of the fermentation process
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
a key enzyme in the reductive pathway of anaerobic glycerol dissimilation converting glycerol to 1,3-propanediol in the human pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
activity of PDOR in KG1 (pUC18K-dhaT) is 44fold higher than that of the wild-type strain. In the resting cell system, overexpression of 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase leads to faster glycerol conversion and propane-1,3-diol production. After a 12 h conversion process, it improves the yield of propane-1,3-diol by 20.4% and enhances the conversion ratio of glycerol into propane-1,3-diol from 50.8% to 59.8%
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
in the cell exponential growth phase, the reaction catalyzed by 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase is the rate limiting step in 1,3-propanediol production
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
level of PDOR activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae/pETPkan-dhaT (1.64 U/mg) shows an increase of 0.9fold in PDOR activity with respect to the wild-type Klebsiella pneumoniae (0.85 U/mg). The recombinant strain Klebsiella pneumoniae/pETPkan-dhaT improves propane-1,3-diol production by 16.5% with respect to the wild-type strain
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
overexpression of PDOR increases activity by 3.2fold, enzyme activity ratio of PDOR/GDHt (glycerol dehydratase) also is increased. 3-hydroxypropanal accumulation is successfully decreased and the risk of fermentation cease is reduced at the same time by overexpression of PDOR and GDH (glycerol dehydrogenase)
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
under physiological conditions, DhaT mostly catalyzes the forward reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
under physiological conditions, DhaT mostly catalyzes the forward reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is an inhibitory intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway during fermentation of raw material required for the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalate and other polyester fibers, accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal in broth causes an irreversible cessation of the fermentation process
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
reduction of the aldehyde is the preferred reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
reduction of the aldehyde is the preferred reaction, 3-hydroxypropanal is the preferred substrate
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
reduction of the aldehyde is the preferred reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
reduction of the aldehyde is the preferred reaction, 3-hydroxypropanal is the preferred substrate
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADPH + H+

propane-1,3-diol + NADP+
-
improvement of propane-1,3-diol production by a novel propane-1,3-diol operon of three genes (dhaB1 and dhaB2 from Clostridium butyricum and YqhD from Escherichia coli) tandemly arrayed under the control of a constitutive, temperature-sensitive promoter in the vector pBV220 for heterologous expression in Escherichia coli
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADPH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NADP+
-
the Escherichia coli yqhD homolog can replace the function of DhaT in the Klebsiella pneumoniae AK mutant strain defective in 1,3-PD oxidoreductase activity (DhaT). The yqhD homolog restores propane-1,3-diol production and 1,3-PD oxidoreductase activity. Level of propane-1,3-diol production during batch fermentation in the recombinant strain is comparable to that of the parent strain
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADPH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NADP+
-
improvement of propane-1,3-diol production by a novel propane-1,3-diol operon of three genes (dhaB1 and dhaB2 from Clostridium butyricum and YqhD from Escherichia coli) tandemly arrayed under the control of a constitutive, temperature-sensitive promoter in the vector pBV220 for heterologous expression in Escherichia coli
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropanal + NADPH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NADP+
NADPH is not substrate for wild-type, but for mutant D41G
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
recombinant mutant Clostridium acetobutylicum strain DG1(pSPD5) expressing the enzyme from an introduced plasmid
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
recombinant mutant Clostridium acetobutylicum strain DG1(pSPD5) expressing the enzyme from an introduced plasmid
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
the enzyme is important in vivo for convertion of glycerol into propane-1,3-diol as second step after dehydration of glycerol by coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase
-
-
r
acetaldehyde + NADH + H+

ethanol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
acetaldehyde + NADH + H+
ethanol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
ethanol + NAD+

acetaldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
ethanol + NAD+
acetaldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
ethanol + NAD+

NADH + ethanal
-
-
-
-
r
ethanol + NAD+
NADH + ethanal
-
-
-
-
?
formaldehyde + NADH + H+

methanol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
formaldehyde + NADH + H+
methanol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
glycerol + NAD+

dihydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
-
24.1% activity compared to propane-1,3-diol
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
dihydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
-
24.1% activity compared to propane-1,3-diol
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
dihydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
dihydroxyacetone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+

glyceraldehyde + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+

glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NADH

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
glycerol + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,2-diol + NAD+

2-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
21.5% activity compared to propane-1,3-diol
-
-
r
propane-1,2-diol + NAD+
2-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
21.5% activity compared to propane-1,3-diol
-
-
r
propane-1,2-diol + NAD+
2-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+

3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
key enzyme of the 1,3-propanediol production pathway, high enzyme synthesis and activity in the anaerobic growth phase with increased use of glycerol
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
key enzyme of the 1,3-propanediol production pathway, high enzyme synthesis and activity in the anaerobic growth phase with increased use of glycerol
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+

3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
100% activity
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
100% activity
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propionaldehyde + NADH + H+

propan-1-ol + NAD+
-
100% activity
-
-
?
propionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propan-1-ol + NAD+
-
-
-
?
additional information

?
-
-
the enzyme can also use 1,4-butanediol, 1-butyl alcohol, 1-propanol, glycerol, or 1,2-propylene glycol as substrate. The optimal substrate is 3-hydroxypropanal in the catalytic reduction reaction, and the optimal substrate is propane-1,3-diol in the catalytic oxidation reaction
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme cannot oxidize 1-butanol, 1-propanol, and ethanol
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme can also use 1,4-butanediol, 1-butyl alcohol, 1-propanol, glycerol, or 1,2-propylene glycol as substrate. The optimal substrate is 3-hydroxypropanal in the catalytic reduction reaction, and the optimal substrate is propane-1,3-diol in the catalytic oxidation reaction
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme cannot oxidize 1-butanol, 1-propanol, and ethanol
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme can also use 1,4-butanediol, 1-butyl alcohol, 1-propanol, glycerol, or 1,2-propylene glycol as substrate. The optimal substrate is 3-hydroxypropanal in the catalytic reduction reaction, and the optimal substrate is propane-1,3-diol in the catalytic oxidation reaction
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme shows a broad substrate specificity, PDOR can help reduce a broad range of aldehydes and ketones including 3-HPA, propionaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, acetone, hydroxyacetone, and dihydroxyacetone. No activity with acrolein. PDOR can also help oxidize many kinds of alcohols to generate the corresponding aldehydes, and this enzyme is most active with diols containing two primary hydroxy groups separated by one or two carbon atoms. Structure modeling, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows a broad substrate specificity, PDOR can help reduce a broad range of aldehydes and ketones including 3-HPA, propionaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, acetone, hydroxyacetone, and dihydroxyacetone. No activity with acrolein. PDOR can also help oxidize many kinds of alcohols to generate the corresponding aldehydes, and this enzyme is most active with diols containing two primary hydroxy groups separated by one or two carbon atoms. Structure modeling, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme shows a broad substrate specificity, PDOR can help reduce a broad range of aldehydes and ketones including 3-HPA, propionaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, acetone, hydroxyacetone, and dihydroxyacetone. No activity with acrolein. PDOR can also help oxidize many kinds of alcohols to generate the corresponding aldehydes, and this enzyme is most active with diols containing two primary hydroxy groups separated by one or two carbon atoms. Structure modeling, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme additionally accepts ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-mercaptoethanol and their reduces their corresponding aldehydes. No substrates: methanol, 1-butanol, glycerol or 2-propanol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme additionally accepts ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-mercaptoethanol and their reduces their corresponding aldehydes. No substrates: methanol, 1-butanol, glycerol or 2-propanol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme additionally accepts ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-mercaptoethanol and their reduces their corresponding aldehydes. No substrates: methanol, 1-butanol, glycerol or 2-propanol
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
1,3-propanediol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
glycerol + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
additional information
?
-
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+

? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,2-propylene glycol + NAD+
? + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+

4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1,4-butanediol + NAD+
4-hydroxybutanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+

1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-butyl alcohol + NAD+
1-butanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+

propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
1-propanol + NAD+
propanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
part of the conversion of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol, not the limiting step
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is an inhibitory intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway during fermentation of raw material required for the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalate and other polyester fibers, accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal in broth causes an irreversible cessation of the fermentation process
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
a key enzyme in the reductive pathway of anaerobic glycerol dissimilation converting glycerol to 1,3-propanediol in the human pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
under physiological conditions, DhaT mostly catalyzes the forward reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
under physiological conditions, DhaT mostly catalyzes the forward reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is an inhibitory intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway during fermentation of raw material required for the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalate and other polyester fibers, accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal in broth causes an irreversible cessation of the fermentation process
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
reduction of the aldehyde is the preferred reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
reduction of the aldehyde is the preferred reaction
-
-
r
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADH + H+
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
the enzyme is important in vivo for convertion of glycerol into propane-1,3-diol as second step after dehydration of glycerol by coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+

glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NAD+
glyceraldehyde + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
glycerol + NADH

propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
glycerol + NADH
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+

3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
key enzyme of the 1,3-propanediol production pathway, high enzyme synthesis and activity in the anaerobic growth phase with increased use of glycerol
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
key enzyme of the 1,3-propanediol production pathway, high enzyme synthesis and activity in the anaerobic growth phase with increased use of glycerol
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+

3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
propane-1,3-diol + NAD+
3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
additional information

?
-
-
the enzyme can also use 1,4-butanediol, 1-butyl alcohol, 1-propanol, glycerol, or 1,2-propylene glycol as substrate. The optimal substrate is 3-hydroxypropanal in the catalytic reduction reaction, and the optimal substrate is propane-1,3-diol in the catalytic oxidation reaction
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme can also use 1,4-butanediol, 1-butyl alcohol, 1-propanol, glycerol, or 1,2-propylene glycol as substrate. The optimal substrate is 3-hydroxypropanal in the catalytic reduction reaction, and the optimal substrate is propane-1,3-diol in the catalytic oxidation reaction
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme can also use 1,4-butanediol, 1-butyl alcohol, 1-propanol, glycerol, or 1,2-propylene glycol as substrate. The optimal substrate is 3-hydroxypropanal in the catalytic reduction reaction, and the optimal substrate is propane-1,3-diol in the catalytic oxidation reaction
-
-
?
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evolution

enzyme PDOR shows high similarity with member of the family of type III alcohol dehydrogenases. PDOR requires NAD(H) as a cofactor, but the highly conserved NAD(H) binding fingerprint pattern G-X-G-X-X-G is not present in the amino acid sequence. This is also characteristic of most type III alcohol dehydrogenases
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
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PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
evolution
the enzyme belongs to the type III alcohol dehydrogenases
evolution
-
the enzyme belongs to the type III alcohol dehydrogenases
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evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
-
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
-
evolution
-
PDOR belongs to the Fe-NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase third family, and it is also a typical iron-ion activation-type dehydrogenase
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malfunction

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accumulation of 3-HPA can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
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accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
-
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
-
malfunction
-
accumulation of 3-hydroxypropanal can inhibit the activity of glycerol dehydratase to prevent the growth of bacteria and result in reducing the production of propane-1,3-diol, leading to a major influence in the production of propane-1,3-diol
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metabolism

1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (PDOR) is the rate-limiting enzyme in 1,3-propandiol synthesis biological pathway. 3-Hydroxypropanal is an intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway. It is also an inhibitor to the activity of glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) and PDOR. PDOR is the key rate-limiting enzyme of the 3-HPA transformation and 1,3-PD formation when high concentration of glycerol is used in fermentation
metabolism
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glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
-
metabolism
-
glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
-
metabolism
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glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and glycerol dehydrogenase are key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-propanediol and dihydroxyacetone
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physiological function

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growth behaviour on glucose is comparable between the wild type and a mutant strain lacking ORF lr0030. On glucose plus glycerol, the exponential growth rate of the lr_0030 mutant is lower compared to the wild type. Glycerol addition results in decreased ethanol production in the wild type, but not in lr_0030 mutant. Activity measurements using 3-hydrxypropanal as a substrate reveal lower activity of lr_0030 mutant extracts from exponential growing cells compared to wild type. During biotechnological 3-hydroxypropanal production using non-growing cells, the ratio 3-hydroxypropanal to 1,3-propanediol is approximately 7 in the wild type and lr_0030 mutant
physiological function
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growth behaviour on glucose is comparable between the wild type and a ORF lr1734 deletion mutant. On glucose + glycerol, the exponential growth rate of the wild type and the deletion mutant are similar. Glycerol addition results in decreased ethanol production both in the wild type and mutant. During biotechnological 3-hydroxypropanal production using non-growing cells, the ratio 3-hydroxypropanal to 1,3-propanediol is approximately 7 in the wild type, whereas this ratio is 12.5 in the mutant lacking lr_1734
physiological function
Klebsiella pneumoniae converts 3 hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) during microbial production of 1,3-PD from glycerol
physiological function
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Klebsiella pneumoniae converts 3 hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) during microbial production of 1,3-PD from glycerol
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additional information

enzyme homology modeling and docking studies
additional information
the active site of PDOR is composed of the following amino acid residues, Asp32, Gly92, Gly93, Ser94, Thr134, Thr135, Thr138, Val146, Lys155, Leu177, Asp189, Leu182, Gln193, His258, and His272, which include the binding sites of Fe2+ and the cofactor NAD(H)
additional information
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the active site of PDOR is composed of the following amino acid residues, Asp32, Gly92, Gly93, Ser94, Thr134, Thr135, Thr138, Val146, Lys155, Leu177, Asp189, Leu182, Gln193, His258, and His272, which include the binding sites of Fe2+ and the cofactor NAD(H)
additional information
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the active site of PDOR is composed of the following amino acid residues, Asp32, Gly92, Gly93, Ser94, Thr134, Thr135, Thr138, Val146, Lys155, Leu177, Asp189, Leu182, Gln193, His258, and His272, which include the binding sites of Fe2+ and the cofactor NAD(H)
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additional information
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enzyme homology modeling and docking studies
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D41A
mutation for relaxation of the coenzyme specificity, weakens the repulsion between Asp41 and the phosphate group esterified to the 2-hydroxyl group of the ribose at the adenine end of NADPH
D41G
mutation for relaxation of the coenzyme specificity, weakens the repulsion between Asp41 and the phosphate group esterified to the 2-hydroxyl group of the ribose at the adenine end of NADPH
nore

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expression of the Clostridumm butyricum enzyme in Clostridium acetobutylicum strain DG1(pSPD5) leads to functional reduction of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol in a two-step process, the first step of glycerol reduction to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, which is then reduced to 1,3-propanediol, is performed by the B12-independent glycerol dehydratase
nore
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expression of the Clostridumm butyricum enzyme in Clostridium acetobutylicum strain DG1(pSPD5) leads to functional reduction of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol in a two-step process, the first step of glycerol reduction to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, which is then reduced to 1,3-propanediol, is performed by the B12-independent glycerol dehydratase
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additional information

engineering of a strain for optimized elimination of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, an inhibitory intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway, from the broth during fermentation process of raw material required for the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalate and other polyester fibers, overview
additional information
-
engineering of a strain for optimized elimination of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, an inhibitory intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway, from the broth during fermentation process of raw material required for the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalate and other polyester fibers, overview
additional information
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Klebsiella pneumoniae AK mutant strain defective in 1,3-PD oxidoreductase activity (DhaT). The Escherichia coli yqhD homolog can replace the function of DhaT. The yqhD homolog restores propane-1,3-diol production and 1,3-PD oxidoreductase activity in the mutant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain defective in DhaT. Level of propane-1,3-diol production during batch fermentation in the recombinant strain is comparable to that of the parent strain
additional information
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Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant strain AK (dhaD and dhaK replaced with the lacZ promoter-apramycin resistance gene cassette, such that the lacZ promoter is inserted in front of dhaB) and mutant strain AR (deletion of the dhaR gene and replaced with the lacZ promoter-apramycin resistance gene cassette, defective in the oxidative branch and in the reductive branch due to the loss of the dhaT and orfWX). propane-1,3-diol is still produced at lower level in the mutant strains, even though dhaT is removed, thus a a putative oxidoreductase may catalyze the production of propane-1,3-diol at lower level compared to DhaT. Dramatic increase in the production of propane-1,3-diol in the recombinant strains harboring the plasmid pBR-dhaT or pBR-dhaT-orfWX, which contain dhaT. Amount of propane-1,3-diol produced is lower in the AK and AR strain, which is harboring pBR-dhaT-orfWX (5.2 g/l), than the corresponding Cu, which is harboring pBR-dhaT-orfWX (7.7 g/l). During fermentation, the production yield is higher in the AK strain (0.57 mol/mol) than the Cu strain (0.47 mol/mol) harboring pBR-dhaT-orfWX
additional information
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the PDOR isozyme activity increases 4.6times, when the yqhD gene is expressed in the Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant strains AK, which is a knockout mutant of the GDH and PDOR
additional information
-
Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant strain AK (dhaD and dhaK replaced with the lacZ promoter-apramycin resistance gene cassette, such that the lacZ promoter is inserted in front of dhaB) and mutant strain AR (deletion of the dhaR gene and replaced with the lacZ promoter-apramycin resistance gene cassette, defective in the oxidative branch and in the reductive branch due to the loss of the dhaT and orfWX). propane-1,3-diol is still produced at lower level in the mutant strains, even though dhaT is removed, thus a a putative oxidoreductase may catalyze the production of propane-1,3-diol at lower level compared to DhaT. Dramatic increase in the production of propane-1,3-diol in the recombinant strains harboring the plasmid pBR-dhaT or pBR-dhaT-orfWX, which contain dhaT. Amount of propane-1,3-diol produced is lower in the AK and AR strain, which is harboring pBR-dhaT-orfWX (5.2 g/l), than the corresponding Cu, which is harboring pBR-dhaT-orfWX (7.7 g/l). During fermentation, the production yield is higher in the AK strain (0.57 mol/mol) than the Cu strain (0.47 mol/mol) harboring pBR-dhaT-orfWX
-
additional information
-
the PDOR isozyme activity increases 4.6times, when the yqhD gene is expressed in the Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant strains AK, which is a knockout mutant of the GDH and PDOR
-
additional information
-
engineering of a strain for optimized elimination of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, an inhibitory intermediary metabolite in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway, from the broth during fermentation process of raw material required for the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalate and other polyester fibers, overview
-
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a synthetic pathway 1,3-propanediol production pathway is introduced in recombinant Escherichia coli consisting of glycerol dehydratase complex (dhaB123) and glycerol dehydratase reactivation factors (gdrAB) from Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase isoenzyme (yqhD) from Escherichia coli
all genes of the dha regulon, including the gene for 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase of Klebsiella pneumoniae mobilized by the plasmid RP4:mini Mu and transferred to Escherichia coli
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expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells
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expression in Clostridium acetobutylicum mutant strain DG1 from plasmid pSPD5, subcloning in Escherichia coli
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expression in Escherichia coli
gene dhaT, cloning from genomic DNA, DNA sequence determination, inducible high-level expression of the mostly soluble enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
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gene dhaT, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons
gene dhaT, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain JM109
gene dhaT, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in YqhD-deficient Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
gene dhaT, expression of the N-terminally His-tagged in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
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gene dhaT, high level co-expression of the 1,3-PD oxidoreductase with glycerol dehydratase, encoded by gene dhaB, and glycerol dehydratase reactivating factor, encoded by gene gdrAB, in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) using two incompatible plasmids, fed-batch fermentation of recombinant bacteria. The NADPH-linked alcohol dehydrogenase, which is encoded by yqhD, a gene from Escherichia coli, can non-specifically catalyze 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde converting to 1,3-propanediol with sufficient activity, overview
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gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, genetic structure, overview. Coexpressions of the PDOR and GDHt from gene dhaB in Klebsiella pneumoniae result in an increase of molar yield from 50.6-64.0% of 1,3-propanediol
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gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, genetic structure, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
gene dhaT, recombinant expression of His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
gene TM0920, expression of soluble N-terminally MGSDKIHHHHHH-tagged selenomethionine-labeled enzyme in Escherichia coli methionine auxotrophic strain DL41
genes for the production of propane-1,3-diol in Clostridium butyricum, dhaB1 and dhaB2, which encode the vitamin B12-independent glycerol dehydratase DhaB1 and its activating factor, DhaB2, respectively, tandemly arrayed with the Escherichia coli yqhD gene, which encodes the 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase isoenzyme YqhD. Heterologous expression of the propane-1,3-diol operon under the control of the temperature-sensitive lambda phage PLPR promoter regulated by the cIts857 repressor, from plasmid pDY220, in Escherichia coli K-12 ER2925
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overexpression in Escherichia coli
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overexpression of gene dhaT encoding PDOR (from vector pETPkan-dhaT) and transformed into Klebsiella pneumoniae
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plasmid including Escherichia coli yqhD introduced into Klebsiella pneumoniae AK mutant strain defective in in 1,3-PD oxidoreductase activity (DhaT)
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plasmid pUC18K-dhaT transformed into Klebsiella pneumoniae KG1
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plasmids pUC18 K-dhaT and pUC18 K-gdh, carrying the genes dhaT encoding PDOR and gdh encoding glycerol dehydrogenase, respectively, transformed into a propane-1,3-diol native producer Klebsiella pneumoniae KG1
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recombinant plasmids containing dhaT expressed in Klebsiella pneumoniae Cu, and the mutant strains AK and AR
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the dhaD gene encoding glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) and dhaT gene encoding 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (PDOR) inserted into pTD plasmid and overexpressed in Klebsiella pneumoniae ACCC 10082
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the dhaT gene coding for 1,3-PD dehydrogenase inserted into vector pET-YSBLIC and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
expression in Escherichia coli

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expression in Escherichia coli
-
expression in Escherichia coli
expression in Escherichia coli
gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, genetic structure, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli

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gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, genetic structure, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
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gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, genetic structure, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
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gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli

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gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
-
gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
-
gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
-
gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
-
gene dhaT, part of the dha regulon, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
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