This is an abbreviated version! For detailed information about glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (phosphorylating), go to the full flat file.
several GAPDH isozymes are targets of persulfidation, including NAD- and NADP-dependent GAPDH (GAPC1, GAPC2, GAPA1, and ALDH11A3). The in vitro assay of Arabidopsis leaf extracts in the presence of NaHS show an activity increase of 60% which is reversed by DTT
Diatom plastids lack of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, and so cannot produce NADPH in the dark. The observed downregulation of GAPDH in the dark may allow NADPH to be rerouted towards other reductive processes contributing to their ecological success
posttranslational modifications promoted by NO (tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosation), H2S (persulfidation), and glutathione (glutathionylation), affect the cellular redox status through regulation of the NADP-dependent dehydrogenases. Major regulatory mechanisms of the NADPH-generating enzymes by NO and H2S in higher plants, with particular focus on the PTMs mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and and reactive sulfide species (RSS), overview
posttranslational modifications promoted by NO (tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosation), H2S (persulfidation), and glutathione (glutathionylation), affect the cellular redox status through regulation of the NADP-dependent dehydrogenases. Major regulatory mechanisms of the NADPH-generating enzymes by NO and H2S in higher plants, with particular focus on the PTMs mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive sulfide species (RSS), overview
the limited availability of nitrogen (N) is a fundamental challenge for many crop plants. The relative crop photosynthetic rate (P) is exponentially constrained by certain plant-specific enzyme activities, such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP-G3PDH), 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA) kinase, and chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (cpFBPase), in Oryza sativa
the limited availability of nitrogen (N) is a fundamental challenge for many crop plants. The relative crop photosynthetic rate (P) is exponentially constrained by certain plant-specific enzyme activities, such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP-G3PDH), 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA) kinase, and chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (cpFBPase), in Triticum aestivum
with the aid of the gapC gene, NADPH-dependent production of lycopene and epsilon-caprolactone is enhanced by 150 and 95%, respectively. Especially, overexpression of gapC significantly reduces the carbon flux to the pentose phosphate pathway (80% decrease)
GAPDH has a strategic position within cell metabolism because GAP is an intermediate in many metabolic pathways, and therefore GAPDH needs to be highly regulated. In cyanobacteria, green and red algae and higher plants, GAPDH and phosphoribulokinase (PRK, EC 2.7.1.19) are downregulated by forming a ternary complex with CP12. Regulation of the key Calvin cycle enzymes of diatom algae differs from that of the Plantae. Enzyme GAPDH interacts with ferredoxin-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) reductase (FNR) from the primary phase of photosynthesis, and the small chloroplast protein, CP12
the enzyme has different isozymes located in diverse subcellular compartments (chloroplasts, cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes) which contribute to the NAPDH cellular pool. The NADPH/NADP+ ratio is a key indicator of cellular redox status. It is also a cofactor involved in many anabolic pathways and it supports some mechanisms of defense involved in ROS and RNS metabolism. The NADPH pool in cellular compartments is provided by several families of NADP-DHs located in different compartments which guarantee the stability and functioning of the cells. Regulation mechanisms, overview