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11-cis-retinal + NADPH + H+
11-cis-retinol + NADP+
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11-cis-retinol + NADP+
11-cis-retinal + NADPH + H+
possibly involved in the production of 11-cis-retinal from 11-cis-retinol during regeneration of the cone visual pigments
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r
9-cis-retinol + NADP+
9-cis-retinal + NADPH + H+
possibly involved in the first step of 9-cis-retinoic acid production
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r
all-trans retinal + NADPH + H+
all-tans-retinol + NADP+
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all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-tans-retinol + NADP+
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?
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
n-nonanal + NADPH + H+
n-nonanol + NADP+
might play a role in detoxification of lipid peroxidation products
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r
retinol + NAD+
retinal + NADH + H+
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retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
additional information
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all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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?
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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r
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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?
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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?
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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?
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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r
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
involved in the regeneration of bleached visual pigments in photoreceptor cells, involved in retinol metabolism outside of photoreceptor cells
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all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
greater catalytic efficiency in the reductive than in the oxidative direction. Localization of RDH13 at the entrance to the mitochondrial matrix suggests that it may function to protect mitochondria against oxidative stress associated with the highly reactive retinaldehyde produced from dietary beta-carotene
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all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
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?
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
RDH12 is dispensable in support of the visual cycle but appears to be a key component in clearance of free all-trans-retinal, thereby preventing accumulation of N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (a toxic substance known to contribute to retinal degeneration) and photoreceptor cell death
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all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
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r
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
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r
all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
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the enzyme plays a role in retinoid metabolism
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all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
involved in retinoid homeostasis in the prostate
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all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
possibly involved in the first step of all-trans-retinoic acid production
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all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
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all-trans-retinol + NADP+
all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+
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retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
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retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
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retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
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?
retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
important for the maintenance of retinoid homeostasis
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retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
important for the maintenance of retinoid homeostasis, low activity of the NRDRB1 splice variant possibly contributes to a disturbed retinoid homeostasis leading to abnormal differentiation and high susceptibility to human papilloma virus in the cervical epithelium
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retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
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?
retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
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retinol + NADP+
retinal + NADPH + H+
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?
additional information
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although bi-directional in vitro, in living cells, RDH12 acts exclusively as a retinaldehyde reductase, shifting the retinoid homeostasis toward the increased levels of retinol and decreased levels of bioactive retinoic acid. The retinaldehyde reductase activity of RDH12 protects the cells from retinaldehyde-induced cell death
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additional information
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RDH10 is essential for retinoic acid biosynthesis during embryogenesis
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additional information
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it is unlikely that 11-cis retinal is metabolised by RDH12 in vivo, as according to the visual cycle, 11-cis retinal that enters the photoreceptors is likely to be sequestered by opsins. Binding of cellular-retinol-binding-protein, CRBP1, to all-trans retinol prevents its oxidation by RDH12
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additional information
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it is unlikely that 11-cis retinal is metabolised by RDH12 in vivo, as according to the visual cycle, 11-cis retinal that enters the photoreceptors is likely to be sequestered by opsins. Binding of cellular-retinol-binding-protein, CRBP1, to all-trans retinol prevents its oxidation by RDH12
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additional information
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the low and constant expression of RDH11 suggests a housekeeping function for this enzyme in retina
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additional information
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the low and constant expression of RDH11 suggests a housekeeping function for this enzyme in retina
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additional information
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the low and constant expression of RDH11 suggests a housekeeping function for this enzyme in retina
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additional information
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the onset of RDH12 expression during the maturation of photoreceptor cells suggests a function related to the visual process. The light-induced rapid decrease of RDH12 protein, preceding the decrease of the mRNA, suggested a specific degradation of the protein rather than a regulation of gene expression
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additional information
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the onset of RDH12 expression during the maturation of photoreceptor cells suggests a function related to the visual process. The light-induced rapid decrease of RDH12 protein, preceding the decrease of the mRNA, suggested a specific degradation of the protein rather than a regulation of gene expression
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?
additional information
?
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the onset of RDH12 expression during the maturation of photoreceptor cells suggests a function related to the visual process. The light-induced rapid decrease of RDH12 protein, preceding the decrease of the mRNA, suggested a specific degradation of the protein rather than a regulation of gene expression
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