EC Number   |
Recommended Name  |
Application |
|---|
   1.14.14.137 | (+)-abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase |
agriculture |
introduction of drought tolerance in apple seedlings, the 3R-isomer of the abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase inhibitor abscinazole-F1 (3R-(E)-6-tert-butyl-5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-6,8-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazin-8-ol) has no growth-retardant effect on apple seedlings but induces stomatal closure and drought tolerance during dehydration at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 microM (spray treatment) |
| 4.2.3.13 | (+)-delta-cadinene synthase |
agriculture |
RNAi is used to disrupt gossypol biosynthesis in cotton seed tissue by interfering with the expression of the delta-cadinene synthase gene during seed development. It is possible to significantly reduce cottonseed-gossypol levels in a stable and heritable manner. The levels of gossypol and related terpenoids in the foliage and floral parts are not diminished, and thus their potential function in plant defense against insects and diseases remains untouched. A targeted genetic modification, applied to an underutilized agricultural byproduct, provides a mechanism to open up a new source of nutrition for hundreds of millions of people |
| 1.14.14.143 | (+)-menthofuran synthase |
agriculture |
increasing Cd level in the soil is followed by a reduction in the expression of menthone reductase and pulegone reductase genes, while an increase in the expression of menthofuran synthase is observed |
| 4.2.3.57 | (-)-beta-caryophyllene synthase |
agriculture |
flowers of plant lines lacking (E)-beta-caryophyllene emission show greater bacterial growth on their stigmas than wild-type flowers, and their seeds are lighter and misshapen. Plant lines with ectopic (E)-beta-caryophyllene emission from vegetative parts are more resistant than wild-type plants to pathogen infection of leaves, and show reduced cell damage and higher seed production. (E)-beta-caryophyllene seems to act by direct inhibition of bacterial growth |
| 1.1.1.207 | (-)-menthol dehydrogenase |
agriculture |
transcript level of menthol dehydrogenase/menthone reductase is highly upregulated in plants treated with calliterpenone, leading to increased content of menthone and menthol in oil |
| 1.1.1.207 | (-)-menthol dehydrogenase |
agriculture |
water stress decreases the gene expression levels of pulegone reductase and menthol dehydrogenase, but increases the expression of trans-isopiperitenol dehydrogenase, isopiperitenone reductase and menthofuran synthase. The most of essential oil components (menthol, menthofuran, and plugene) are positively correlated with genes expression. Drought stress induces increasing contents of pulegone and menthofuran and reduces menthol percentages |
| 4.2.3.48 | (3S,6E)-nerolidol synthase |
agriculture |
introduction of the mitochondrial nerolidol synthase gene to Arabidopsis thaliana mediates de novo emission of (E)-nerolidol and linalool. Co-expression of the nerolidol synthase FPS1 and cytosolic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase 1 increases the number of emitting transgenic plants (incidence rate) and the emission rate of both volatiles. No association between the emission rate of transgenic volatiles and their growth inhibitory effect can be established.(E)-Nerolidol is to a large extent metabolized to non-volatile conjugates |
| 4.2.3.16 | (4S)-limonene synthase |
agriculture |
putative production of transgenic aromatic plants overexpressing monoterpene synthases |
| 4.2.3.16 | (4S)-limonene synthase |
agriculture |
UV-B irradiation differentially modulates the expression of genes involved in peppermint essential oil biogenesis and the content of UV-B absorbing flavonoids. Plants grown in field are better adapted to increasing UV-B irradiation than plants cultivated in growth chambers |
| 4.2.3.106 | (E)-beta-ocimene synthase |
agriculture |
when lima bean plants that have previously been placed downwind of transgenic tobacco plants that are constitutively overexpressing (E)-beta-ocimene synthase are infested by spider mites in an open-flow tunnel, they are more defensive to spider mites and more attractive to predatory mites, in comparison to the infested plants that have been placed downwind of wild-type tobacco plants. Similarly, when the transgenic tobacco-downwind maize plants are infested with Mythimna separata larvae, this results in reduced larval growth and greater attraction of parasitic wasps Cotesia kariyai. In a greenhouse experiment, lima bean plants placed near the transgenic tobacco plants are more attractive when damaged by spider mites, in comparison to the infested plants that have been placed near the wild-type plants. Volatile organic compounds emitted from infested receiver plants affect their conspecific neighboring plants to prime indirect defenses in response to herbivory |
| 1.14.14.43 | (methylsulfanyl)alkanaldoxime N-monooxygenase |
agriculture |
loss of CYP83A1 function leads to dramatically reduced parasitic growth of the biotrophic powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe cruciferarum on Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 4.1.2.10 | (R)-mandelonitrile lyase |
agriculture |
hydroxynitrile lyases are involved in the synthesis of enantiomerically pure cyanohydrins which are important intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. The enzyme synthesizes (R)-mandelonitrile in both, batch reaction and fed-batch reaction and can be effectively used in the synthesis of (R)-mandelonitrile |
| 4.1.2.10 | (R)-mandelonitrile lyase |
agriculture |
the enzyme has very high potential for synthesis of cyanohydrins and can be used for the production of enantiopure cyanohydrins. Cyanohydrins are important intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals |
 1.1.3.15 | (S)-2-hydroxy-acid oxidase |
agriculture |
inoculation of plants with Pseudomonas syringae increases photorespiration rate and expression of glycolate oxidase (GOX2), serine glyoxylate aminotransferase (SGT) and serine hydroxyl methyltransferase (SHMT1). Silencing of GOX2, SGT or SHMT1 genes in tomato decreases photorespiration but increases susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae, whereas transient overexpression of GOX2, SGT or SHMT1 in tobacco increases basal defence. Salicylic acid signalling is involved in GOX2-mediated, SGT-mediated and SHMT1-mediated defence. H2O2 pretreatment remarkably alleviates the GOX2 silencing-induced depression in basal defence and salicylic acid signalling |
| 4.1.2.47 | (S)-hydroxynitrile lyase |
agriculture |
enantiomerically pure cyanohydrins produced by enzyme-catalyzed synthesis are important synthetic intermediates for agrochemicals |
| 1.14.14.99 | (S)-limonene 3-monooxygenase |
agriculture |
cosuppression of limonene-3-hydroxylase in peppermint promotes accumulation of limonene in the essential oil. Pathway engineering can be employed to significantly alter essential oil composition without adverse metabolic consequences |
| 1.14.13.212 | 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid 5-monooxygenase |
agriculture |
treatment of coffee waste with caffeine-degrading microorganisms (either wild type or recombinant) may transform the waste into a valuable by-product, rather than a waste stream, because a caffeine concentration in the waste greater than 1% makes it unsuitable as animal feed or as a biofuel feedstock |
| 2.4.1.34 | 1,3-beta-glucan synthase |
agriculture |
silencing of enzyme genes GSL5, GSL6, GSL11 with RNAi: both wound callose and papillary callose are absent in lines transformed with GSL5 dsRNAi, but unaffected in GSL6 and GSL11 RNAi lines. Absence of callose in palpillae or haustorial complexes correlates with effective growth cessation of several normally virulent powdery mildew species and of Peronospora parasitica |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
- |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
in presence of enzyme-containing bacteria, growth of canola seedlings is enhanced and the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid levels in these roots are lowered |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
increase of root elongation by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid using bacteria depends significantly on nutrient status of the plant |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
ability of transgenic tomato plants expressing the enzyme under different promoters to grow in the presence of metal ions |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
development of tomato plants with delayed fruit ripening by Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transfer of a gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, the enzyme delays fruit ripening by decreasing ethylene synthesis |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
rapid procedure for isolation of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase-containig bacteria |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
Burkholderia phytofirmans sp. nov. isolated from surface-sterilized onion roots, shows high enzyme activity and is able to establish rhizosphere and endophytic populations associated with various plants |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
expression of enzyme in Brassica napus provides the transgenic calona lines with tolerance to the inhibitory effects of salt stress, with the root-specific promoter rolD being the most effective. Improved salt tolerance is most likely due to decreased synthesis of stress ethylene |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
expression of enzyme in Lycopersicon esculentum yields plant showing a very healthy and more productive phenotype compared to wild-type. Transgenic plants have a higher chlorophyll content, and transgenic fruits show higher lycopene and beta-carotene content. Expression using promoters rolD or 35S is most effective, leading to larger roots, higher chlorophyll leaf and protein content, and increased average fruit weight |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
expression of enzyme in Pisum sativum stimulates root growth and increases root and shoot biomass in non-polluted soils, depending on genotype of host plant. No effect in presence of Cd2+ |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
inoculation of Brassica campestris with Methylobacterium fujisawaense results in lower levels of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate in the tissues of seeds due to bacterial enzyme activity. Activity of plant 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate remains lower in treated seedlings leading to lowered ethylene in plants and preventing ethylene inhibition of root elongation |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
inoculation of Pisum sativum with bacteria expressing enzyme increases shoot biomass in non-polluted soil and root and shoot biomass in non-polluted and Cd-supplemented soils, depending on genotype of host plant |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
inoculation of Pisum sativum with bacteria expressing enzyme stimulates root growth and increases shoot biomass in non-polluted and Cd-supplemented soils, depending on genotype of host plant |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
inoculation of Zea mays or Vigna radiata with isolate of Pseudomonas fluorescens showing high enzymic activity results in 1.6fold increase in fresh biomass of seedling, root and shoot growth as well as nodulation are promoted |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
inoculation of Zea mays or Vigna radiata with isolate of Pseudomonas putida showing high enzymic activity results in 2fold increase in fresh biomass of seedling, root and shoot growth as well as nodulation are promoted |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
bacterial strains that contain ACC deaminase confer salt tolerance to plants by lowering salt induced ethylene synthesis |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
Azospirillum lipoferum strain AZm5 containing ACC deaminase activity improves the growth and physiology of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants under a deficiency of and medium doses of nitrogenous fertilizers |
| 3.5.99.7 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase |
agriculture |
ACC deaminase containing rhizobacterium Variovorax paradoxus strain 5C-2 mitigates salt stress by improving water relations, ion homeostasis and photosynthesis of pea plants, and may provide an economic means of promoting growth of plants exposed to salt stress |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase is the rate-limiting enzyme in ethylene biosynthesises, its mRNA expression is induced by abiotic factors like wounding, treatment with abscisic acid, and CuCl2 |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway, which is the major plant hormone regulating female sex expression, an additional copy of the Cs-ACS1 gene is linked to the female locus, this female-specific Cs-ACS1G originates from a gene duplication between the branched-chain amino acid transaminase gene and Cs-ACS1 gene |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
ethylene governs both development and stress responses throughout plant development, the mechanism by which plants regulate ethylene biosynthesis is unclear, 14-3-3 proteins are required to cause a change in ACS function after phosphorylation |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
ethylene governs both development and stress responses throughout plant development, the mechanism by which plants regulate ethylene biosynthesis is unclear, ethylene overproducer 1 protein is a negative regulator of ethylene biosynthesis that inhibits the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase and promotes its degradation by a proteasome dependent pathway |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
ethylene is produced in increasing amounts during the germination process, the embryonic axis is the main producer, the abundance of Ca-ACS1 mRNA was highest at the onset of embryogenesis (stage-1), middle (stages 36) and low desiccation stages and dry seed, the transcript levels of Ca-ACS1 does not correlate with ACS activity |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
ethylene production in cut carnation flowers cv. Excerea is suppressed by high-temperatures because of inhibition of ACC synthase, no ethylene production detected in flowers kept at 32°C, climacteric ethylene production observed during days 9-12 in flowers kept at 24°C |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
expression of ACC synthase is the rate limiting step in ethylene biosynthesis and is controlled by a multiple regulatory pathway of auxin, brassinosteroid and light in Arabidopsis seedlings |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
expression of CyACS1 is involved in high-temperature induced necrosis of plant tissue |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
the enzyme regulates ethylene production in conifers, ethylene signalling induces chemical defenses against insects or pathogens |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
UV-B radiation influences ethylene biosynthesis by changes in the expression of the ACC synthase |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
ethylene overproduction in protein phosphatase 2A-deficient plants requires isoforms ACS2 and ACS6 |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
harvest periods related to soluble solids contents content of Hayward kiwifruit significantly affect 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase activity, total soluble protein content and protein profile. ACC synthase activity is suppressed, especially in early harvested fruits, by an inhibition of fruit ripening during controlled atmosphere storage |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
identification of compounds inhibiting ethylene biosynthesis at the step of converting S-adenosylmethionine to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid by ACC synthase |
| 4.4.1.14 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase |
agriculture |
oligogalacturonic acids promote tomato fruit ripening by inducing ethylene synthesis through the regulation of isoform ACS2 at transcriptional and post-translational levels |
| 2.2.1.7 | 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase |
agriculture |
in mature poplar leaves, isoprene emission is the main metabolic sink of plastidic isoprenoid intermediates. Consequently, there is lower enzymic activity in non-isoprene-emitting lines of poplar than in emitting plants as indicator of a lower demand of metabolic flux within the MEP pathway |
| 2.2.1.7 | 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase |
agriculture |
single nucleotide polymorphism K284N is significantly associated with Muscat-flavoured varieties. Substitution influences the enzyme kinetics by increasing the catalytic efficiency and also dramatically affects monoterpene levels upon heterologous expression |
| 1.3.5.5 | 15-cis-phytoene desaturase |
agriculture |
the Thr304 Hydrilla pds mutant is an excellent marker for the selection of transgenic plants. Seedlings harbouring Thr304 pds have a maximum resistance to sensitivity (R/S) ratio of 57 and 14 times higher than that of the wild-type for treatments with norflurazon and fluridone, respectively. These plants exhibit normal growth and development, even after long-term exposure to herbicide. As Thr304 pds is of plant origin, it could become more acceptable than other selectable markers for use in genetically modified food |
| 1.3.5.5 | 15-cis-phytoene desaturase |
agriculture |
fruit treated with 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole appear more yellow and/or orange than ethephon or control fruit at any harvest date |
| 1.3.5.5 | 15-cis-phytoene desaturase |
agriculture |
phytoene desaturase is a prominent target of certain inhibitors, such as norflurazon, acting as bleaching herbicides |
| 2.5.1.32 | 15-cis-phytoene synthase |
agriculture |
Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing Salicornia europea phytoene synthase gene show higher tolerance to salt stress than wild-type by increased photosynthesis efficiency and antioxidative capacity |
| 2.5.1.32 | 15-cis-phytoene synthase |
agriculture |
creation of marker-free transgenic plants |
| 2.5.1.32 | 15-cis-phytoene synthase |
agriculture |
psy gene of tea cultivars is closely correlated to accumulation of carotenoids which are precursors of tea flavour volatiles, thus the expression strength of psy gene can be used as an indicator for screening quality of tea cultivars |
| 2.4.1.100 | 2,1-fructan:2,1-fructan 1-fructosyltransferase |
agriculture |
effect of temperature and storage time of plant on enzyme activity |
| 2.4.1.100 | 2,1-fructan:2,1-fructan 1-fructosyltransferase |
agriculture |
introduction of the high DP 1-FFT gene in chicory, a crop widely used for inulin extraction, could lead to an increase in degree of polymerization which is useful for a number of specific industrial applications |
| 3.7.1.24 | 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol hydrolase |
agriculture |
the potent antimicrobial compound 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol is a major determinant of biocontrol activity of plant-beneficial Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 against root diseases caused by fungal pathogens |
| 4.2.1.105 | 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase |
agriculture |
regulation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis |
| 2.3.3.13 | 2-isopropylmalate synthase |
agriculture |
overexpression of enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana results in plants with an aberrant phenotype. Plants have both perturbed amino acid metabolism and enhanced levels of glucosinolates. Overexpression causes upregulation of the genes for methionine-derived glucosinolate biosynthesis, and downregulation of genes involved in leucine catabolism |
| 2.3.3.13 | 2-isopropylmalate synthase |
agriculture |
the OsIPMS1 might be used as a biomarker to determine the best stop time-point of seed priming in rice |
| 2.1.1.295 | 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone methyltransferase |
agriculture |
constitutive expression in Zea mays leads to transgenic kernels containing up to 3-times as much gamma-tocopherol as their wild type counterparts whereas other tocopherol isomers remain undetectable |
| 2.1.1.295 | 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone methyltransferase |
agriculture |
seed-specific expression of 2-methyl-6-phytylbenzoquinol methyltransferase VTE3 in transgenic soybean reduces seed delta-tocopherol from 20 to 2%. When VTE3 is coexpressed with VTE4, i.e. gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase, in soybean, the seed accumulates to more than 95% alpha-tocopherol, from the normal 10%, resulting in a greater than eightfold increase of alpha-tocopherol and an up to fivefold increase in seed vitamin E activity |
| 2.3.3.5 | 2-methylcitrate synthase |
agriculture |
implications for propionate as an antifungal agent |
| 1.13.12.19 | 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase (ethene-forming) |
agriculture |
introduction of a gene encoding a chimeric protein consisting of EFE and beta-glucuronidase GUS into the tobacco genome using a binary vector which directs expression of the EFE-beta-glucuronidase fusion protein under the control of constitutive promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA. Transgenic plants produce ethylene at consistently higher rates than the untransformed plant, and their beta-glucuronidase activities are expressed in different tissues. A significant dwarf morphology observed in the transgenic tobacco displaying the highest ethylene production resembles the phenotype of a wild-type plant exposed to excess ethylene |
| 2.5.1.54 | 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase |
agriculture |
isozyme DS-Co is a possible target for the herbicide glyphosate, i.e. N-[phosphomonomethyl]glycine |
| 2.5.1.54 | 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase |
agriculture |
expression of wild-type enzyme and phenylalanine-feedback insensitive mutant L175Q in Arabidopsis thaliana. Transgenic plants have comparable phenotypes and are fully fertile. The levels of shikimate, prephenate and Phe are higher in the different lines expressing the mutant enzyme than in the lines expressing the natural feedback-sensitive bacterial enzyme, and the control plants. Results imply that the bacterial enzyme is active in the transgenic plants and, similar to its operation in bacteria, the feedback insensitivity trait of the mutant enzyme is fundamental for enhancement of the flow of primary carbon metabolites via the shikimate pathway into the production of aromatic amino acids also in the plant |
| 2.7.7.38 | 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase |
agriculture |
CMP-KDO synthetase inhibitors attract great interest owing to their potential as selective bactericides |
| 2.5.1.19 | 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase |
agriculture |
Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants expressing mutant E145G/N163H/N267S/P318R/M377V/M425T/P438L grow well in presence of 0.75 mM glyphosate, whereas Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing wild-type enzyme grow only in presence of 0.25 mM glyphosate |
| 2.5.1.19 | 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase |
agriculture |
transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme from Bacillus cereus germinate well in presence of 1 mM glyphosate, while control plants do not germinate at 0.2 mM |
| 2.5.1.19 | 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase |
agriculture |
transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme from Halothermothrix orenii are more resistant to glyphosate exposure than transgenic plants expressing the Escherichia coli enzyme and control plants |
| 2.5.1.19 | 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase |
agriculture |
transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens are more resistant to glyphosate exposure compared with wild-type |
| 2.5.1.19 | 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase |
agriculture |
transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme from Rahnella aquatilis are more resistant to glyphosate exposure than plants expressing the Escherichia coli enzyme |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
a 20fold increase in total root phytase activity in transgenic lines expressing Aspergillus niger phytase results in improved phosphorus nutrition, such that the growth and phosphorus content of the plants is equivalent to control plants supplied with inorganic phosphate. Use of gene technology to improve the ability of plants to utilize accumulated forms of soil organic phosphorus |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
about two-third of phosphorus of feedstuffs of plant origin is present as phytic acid in form of phytate. Under most dietary conditions, phytate phosphate is unavailable to poultry. Addition of phytase to feed can fully replace phosphorus supplementation. Phytase can increase the use of low-cost plant meals in the aquaculture industry and maintains acceptable phosphorus levels in the water |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
enzyme is used in animal feed to reduce phosphate pollution |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
since monogastric animals virtually lack phytase activity in their digestive tract, phytic acid phosphorus is metabolically unavailable to these animals. The problem can be circumvented by supplementation of the feed with a recombinantly produced phytase that has a pH activity profile ideally suited for maximal activity in the digestive tract of either pigs or poultry |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
the enzyme is suitable for supplementing animal feeds to improve the availability of phosphate from phytate |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
feedstuffs studied contains only small amounts of soluble protein-phytate complexes. Insoluble protein-phytate complexes are formed at low pH, as found in the stomach of monogastric animals. Dietary phytase supplementation prevents the formation of protein-phytate complexes or aids in dissolving them faster. Therefore, phytase may improve protein digestibility |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
the ability of the enzyme to liberate phytate-phosphate is similar when included in low Ca2+ and nonphytate phosphorus diets for broilers. Either source can be fed to commercial broilers to aid improving phytate-bound phosphate use |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
over-expression of phyA2 gene in maize seeds using a construct driven by the maize embryo-specific globulin-1 promoter. Phytase activity in transgenic maize seeds reaches approximately 2,200 units per kg seed, about a 50fold increase compared to non-transgenic maize seeds. The phytase expression is stable across four generations. The transgenic seeds germinate normally |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
the dry weight and inorganic phosphate contents of wheat plants are high when supplemented with phytase or fungal spores. The plants provided with 5 mg phytate per plant exhibit enhanced growth and inorganic phosphate. With increase in the dosage of phytase, there is an increase in growth and inorganic phosphate of plants, the highest being at 20 U per plant. The compost made employing the combined native microflora of the wheat straw and Sporotrichum. Thermophile promots growth of the plants. The plant-growth-promoting effect is higher with the compost made using Sporotricum thermophile than that from only the native microflora |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
the presence of rhizosphere microorganisms reduces the dependence of plants on extracellular secretion of phytase from roots when grown in a phosphate-deficient soil. The expression of phytase in transgenic plants has little or no impact on the microbial community structure as compared with control plant lines, whereas soil treatments, such as the addition of phosphate, has large effects. Soil microorganisms are explicitly involved in the availability of phosphate to plants and the microbial community in the rhizosphere appears to be resistant to the impacts of single-gene changes in plants designed to alter rhizosphere biochemistry and nutrient cycling |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
transgenic expression of phytase in Solanum tuberosum leads to stable expression levels over several cycles of propagation. Field tests show that tuber size, number and yield increase in transgenic potato. Improved phosphorus acquisition when phytate is provided as a sole phosphorus source and enhanced microtuber formation in cultured transgenic potato seedlings when phytate is provided as an additional phosphorus source are observed. The potato-produced phytase supplement is as effective as a commercially available microbial phytase in increasing the availability of phytate-phosphorus to weanling pigs |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
the phytase has the potential to be useful as an animal feed supplement |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
seed-specific overexpression of Aspergillus niger phytase in corn leads to transgenic corn with bioavailable phosphate. Maximal phytase activity of 125 FTU/g kernels can be obtained, 1000fold above that of the wild type, with 1000 g of kernels containing up to 67 times the feed industry requirement. An animal feeding trial demonstrated that the recombinant enzyme has similar nutritional effects on broiler chickens to a commercially available phytase product in terms of reducing inorganic phosphorus addition to feed and phosphate excretion in animal manure |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
enzyme PHY US42 can be used as feed additive in combination with an acid phytase for monogastric animals |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
enzyme rSt-Phy is useful in the dephytinization of broiler feeds efficiently in simulated gut conditions of chick leading to the liberation of soluble inorganic phosphate with concomitant mitigation in anti-nutrient effects of phytates |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
neutral phytase is used as a feed additive for degradation of anti-nutritional phytate in aquatic feed industry. Mutant phytases D148E and S197E with increased activities and thermostabilities have application potential as additives in aquaculture feed |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
phytase is used as a feed additive for degradation of anti-nutritional phytate, the phytase from Wickerhamomyces anomalus has adequate thermostability for its applicability as a food and feed additive |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
since the enzyme degrades phytate in feed materials efficiently under low temperature and weak acidic conditions, which are common for aquacultural application, it might be a promising candidate as a feed additive enzyme |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
supplementation of phytases into the monogastric animals feed can reduce the phosphorus excretion and result in improved availability of trace elements, minerals, amino acids, and energy. The enzyme has great potential for feed applications, especially in aquaculture |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
the phytase has the potential to be useful as an animal feed supplement. Among all the feed samples, mustard oil cake is dephytinized more efficiently than other feed samples |
| 3.1.3.8 | 3-phytase |
agriculture |
the RPHY1 gene mined from rumen proves its promising candidature as a feed supplement enzyme in animal farming |
| 1.17.1.8 | 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate reductase |
agriculture |
potential herbicide target, leads for herbicide development are inhibitors: dipicolinic acid, isophthalic acid, and DELTA3-tetrahydroisophthalic acid |
| 4.3.3.7 | 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase |
agriculture |
expression of dapA gene of E coli, insensitive to feedback-inhibition by L-lysine |
| 1.14.14.37 | 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime monooxygenase |
agriculture |
simultaneous expression of the two multifunctional sorghum cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP79A1 and CYP71E1 in tobacco and Arabidopsis leads to cyanogenic plants. In transgenic plants expressing CYP79A1 as well as CYP71E1, the activity of CYP79A1 is higher than that of CYP71E1, resulting in the accumulation of several 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime-derived products in the addition to those derived from 4-hydroxymandelonitrile. In transgenic Arabidopsis expressing CYP71E1, this enzyme and the enzymes of the pre-existing glucosinolate pathway compete for the 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime as substrate, resulting in the formation of small amounts of 4-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate |
